服务型政府——职能结构体系及其构建

20世纪70年代末以来,世界性行政改革浪潮引发了服务型政府理论的探讨,为我国行政改革提供了借鉴意义。服务型政府的讨论是我国学者借鉴西方行政话语体系,结合我国的实际情况,提出的一种改革模式,随后关于服务型政府的模式构建、服务型政府体系、服务型政府的实践总结等研究探索相继展开。服务型政府体系应当是一个政府各部分目标一致、相互协调、运转灵活、解决问题高效的体系,而职能结构是服务型政府体系的构成要素之一,是政府改革的起点,它涉及服务型政府职能结构的划分与配置等。     

从行政区行政走向区域治理：省际接边地区治理的范式创新——以湘鄂渝黔桂接边地区（五溪源）历史沿革与治理创新为例

省际接边地区因地域毗邻、发展相近、形成区域公共性事务,以单一的行政区划行政无法高效治理,需要建立以政府合作共治、社会参与的区域行政与区域治理机制。本文通过梳理政府治理形态和公共事务治理模式的历史演变与进程,具体研究湘鄂渝黔桂五省（市）（五溪源）接边地区的状况,认为省际接边地区的治理必须变革,可能的前景不是不断调整行政区划来适应这一进程,而是走向以政府间合作的区域行政和以政府为中心、社会广泛参与的多中心的区域治理之路。     

风险社会背景下的公共安全与政府责任——以食品安全事件为视角

社会存在一定的风险。现代社会中的风险具有不确定性以及多样性、广泛性和人为性的特点。与风险相对应的是安全,尤其是备受关注的公共安全。其中,与民生有着密切联系的食品安全由于发生的频次高、危害范围广、原因复杂、后果严重,更是考察政府职能的一个参照。在如此的背景下,相关部门应当建立并完善风险预警机制、食品安全信息公布与通报机制、食品安全检验和检疫机制以及重大事故处置机制,以应对风险。     

审视与整合：超越统治与治理的视野

笔者从辩证唯物主义的角度出发,将统治与治理相融合,提出“第三种模式”,并且阐释了“第三种模式”的基本理念、基本价值,以及实现的基本路径。     

论政府信用中的“信用-政府”悖反

信用的良性运行对信用主体有内在的规约。政府信用是社会信用的形式之一,要求作为信用主体的政府也必须顺应这一规约。政府的模糊抽象、多维结构、强势地位和不可选择性特征背离了信用主体规约,不能与信用主体规约实现融洽状态。     

诺齐克的边际道德观述评——兼谈自由主义的个人自由的局限

诺齐克的边际道德是国家和社会组织行为的最大值,并且在该最大值的范围内有效地调节着个人之间自由权的行使,以实现个人最大可能的自由.本文指出了诺齐克的边际道德理论内涵,以及它怎样调节国家组织的行为和个人自由权的实现,并指出了诺齐克理论中存在的一些不足之处.尽管存在这些不足之处,但是不能否认的是诺齐克的边际道德理论确切地为社会和个人提出了一种行为标准,从而丰富了西方的自由民主理论,对社会主义民主的发展也有一定的借鉴作用.     

我国政府采购体系的构建——以政府采购的“四元结构”为视角

政府采购制度是一个有机的体系,由各个相互区别又相互联系的子体系构成。本文从政府采购的理论体系、法律体系、管理体系和监督体系“四元结构”入手来探讨我国政府采购体系的建设。     

公共行政的范式转换及其政府信任问题

政府信任是政府和公众之间基于公共利益的博弈互动关系,符合公共利益的行政价值理念将为政府提供持久的、合法的信任源泉。从官僚制到新公共管理,由于片面注重管理主义工具价值,而忽视公共利益和民主价值,不可避免地面临着政府信任的困境。民主行政作为新公共行政的学术识别系统,坚持和发展公共利益价值取向,实现价值理性和工具理性的统一,符合人类理性与社会公共利益均衡健康发展的内在需要,必然会全新构建和强化公众与政府的互信合作关系。     

Citizens’ Perceptions of Governance in Rural and Urban China

This article presents three main findings from a purposive stratified survey of urban and rural residents. First, Chinese citizens “disaggregate” the state with high levels of satisfaction for Central government that fall dramatically as government gets closer to the people. Satisfaction levels are noticeably lower for those in rural China. Second, attitudes about the way policy is implemented by local governments raise concerns. Irrespective of place of residence, respondents feel that when implementing policy local officials and governments are mainly concerned with their own interests, are more receptive to the views of their superiors rather than those of ordinary people, favor those with money, and are formalistic in implementing policy rather than dealing with actual problems. Third, the areas of work that citizens would really like government to concentrate on are job creation and providing basic guarantees to protect against the shocks of the transition to a market economy. Tony Saich is the Daewoo Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University and Director of the Harvard University Asia Center. His recent research focuses on the development of social policy in China, particularly on the provision of public goods by local governments. His publications include Governance and Politics of China by Palgrave and edited volumes on Financial Sector Reform in China (with Yasheng Huang and Edward Steinfeld) and AIDS and Social Policy in China (with Joan Kaufman and Arthur Kleinman both by Harvard University Asia Center. He would like to thank Edward Cunningham for his great help in preparing this article. He also wants to thank Victor Yuan (Horizon Market Research Company) for his tremendous help in designing the survey and implementing it. In addition, I would like to thank Anita Chan, Martin King Whyte and two anonymous reviewers for their extremely helpful comments on an earlier draft.     

International Organizations ICTs Policies: E‐Democracy and E‐Government for Political Development

New technologies provide new channels of access to political information and participation in decision‐making processes. This assumption is clearly important in the action plans and policies of International Organizations (World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, United Nations), which have assumed a leadership role in the reform of political institutions. Starting from an analysis of the reasons that have brought the state and processes of institution building back into focus, this paper will reconstruct the International Organizations' vision of the transformative potential of new information technologies and their activity in this field. Particular attention will be devoted to e‐democracy and e‐government as policies to build democracy in developing countries.