司法文书的社会价值探究

司法文书是现代司法理念的载体，是打击犯罪、保护人民、维护社会和谐的工具，是整个司法活动的综合再现。它所反映的不仅仅是法律实务工作者的个人素质、学识水平，而且也反映了司法机关的执法形象、执法水平，影响着司法机关的公正性和权威性，对维护社会和谐起着不可低估的作用。为推动司法改革的进程和保障法治国家建设的成果，应深入探讨司法文书的社会价值，以提高司法文书自身的价值，促进司法文书更趋规范化、合理化，发挥司法文书应有的功能。     

刑事司法国际准则对我国法治建设的价值思考

刑事司法国际准则是联合国及其下属机构为各国刑事诉讼程序所建立的基本权利保障标准,准则产生的理论基础是自然法思想,现实动因是人们对二战的反思以及人权保障运动的国际化。学习、借鉴准则对于我国法治建设具有重大的意义,从宏观层面而言,准则有助于促进我国司法制度的法治化建构;从微观层面而言,准则有助于实现个案的审判正义。     

法律职业化与司法现代化关系的若干理论问题

法律职业化与司法现代化的共同理论语境是现代性理论 ,共同实践背景是法制现代化运动。法律职业化意味着一个经过法学理论熏陶和法律知识传授之法律职业家共同体的形成 ,这个职业家共同体共享法律价值并娴熟于法律技能。司法现代化作为法制现代化的一个重要组成部分 ,倡导并通过现代司法制度确认司法独立、程序正义、程序效率等基本价值准则。法律职业化与司法现代化之间的理论关联可以从法律与经济关系、司法独立与程序正义、司法制度资源供给与分享、法律作为科学学科和知识体系、司法效率实现等多种维度进行分析和把握。     

The New Zealand Model of Family Group Conferencing

The Family Group Conference (FGC) originated in New Zealand where it is the foundation stone of the Youth Justice system introduced in 1989. A significant feature of that system is the way in which it enables restorative justice principles to be implemented in an integrated manner in a statutory framework supervised by the courts and applicable to all young offenders throughout New Zealand. FGCs are used both as a diversionary technique (pre-adjudication) and at a (post-adjudication) pre-sentencing stage. In addition this type of model is now being applied in a voluntary way but on a small scale with adults. A significant feature of the FGC model is its greater use of community-based solutions with a consequent reduction in the number of young persons in state institutions.     

Distributive Justice Norms and Family Work: What Is Perceived as Ideal,What Is Applied,and What Predicts Perceived Fairness?

Members of married couples rated how ideal communal, exchange, and equality rules were for their marriages. They also reported on whether they and their spouses followed each norm in general in their marriages and in the domains of housework and child care. Both men and women considered a communal norm to be more ideal than the other norms and reported that they and their spouse followed a communal norm to a greater extent than an exchange or equality rule, both in general and in the domains of housework and child care. In addition, links between reports of actual division of labor in each domain, as well as reports of norm use, and perceived fairness of the division of family work were examined. Greater inequalities in the division of labor were linked to decreased perceptions of fairness. Controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self and of the spouse following a communal norm were linked with increased perceptions of fairness as were women's reports of the spouse following an equality rule. In contrast, and again after controlling for reports of division of labor, women's reports of the self following an exchange rule and men's reports of the self and of the spouse following an exchange rule were associated with greater perceived unfairness of the division of family work.     

论引入恢复性司法的合理性——以加强被害人保护为视角

司法过程不可以仅仅依据法条进行演绎三段论推理就可以实现，在对法条进行适用时，必须考虑法条背后蕴涵的法律原则和法律目的。法律规定作为利益冲突的一种协调和妥协方式，它以实现利益和价值的最大化以及共盈作为其根本原则和设立目的。恢复性司法是灵活平衡被告人和被害人双方利益以实现刑罚目的的一种有效手段。     

Recent Trends in Sentencing Policies in the Netherlands

This article considers sentencing in the Netherlands and in particular the changes that have been introduced since the 1980s, both in the adult and in the juvenile justice system. Several questions will be treated in the article. Sentencing in the Netherlands in the last two decades is analysed and some explanations for the changing trends are presented. Results indicate that the Netherlands is following a general pattern, prevalent in Europe and the US, of more punitive and repressive punishment. Also, the extent to which new sentencing options, such as community sanctions have made a difference to the upward trend in imprisonment, will be analysed. In an effort to reduce the costs of the system new policies are being developed, introducing both 'front door' and 'back door' varieties in sentencing. These will lead to some important and radical changes in the criminal justice system.     

行政诉讼司法变更权研究

行政诉讼司法变更权,是法院行政审判权的重要组成部分。确立司法变更权,是我国民主法制建设的要求。我国现行《行政诉讼法》规定的司法变更权是有限的,只适用于行政处罚案件。为了有效地监督和制约行政机关行使行政职权,更好地实现行政诉讼保护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益的目的,应当适当扩展司法变更权的范围。     

司法公正初探

司法公正本质上是一种价值评价活动，是人把握世界、事物、事件等对自己的价值的观念活动，是人观念地把握事物的意义的活动，并具有相对性和绝对性、、主观性和客观性，应然性和实然性的特征。当前，深化对司法公正的本质属性的研究对推进和谐社会建设有重大意义。     

媒体诽谤与权力造罪

从编发短信"诽谤"县领导被判有罪,发展到报道诽谤案的记者也被以诽谤罪立案侦查,这不仅仅是一个罪与非罪的判断问题。坚持罪刑法定原则同样要遵守程序法,司法机关不能轻易将涉嫌诽谤的自诉案件转换为公诉程序启动。对进行负面报道的记者,以诽谤罪立案值得高度警惕。开这样的先例,已经危害到正当的舆论监督权,乃至国民普遍的民主权利。避免权力造罪必须重新反思官员的"官"意识,归根到底是要进一步强化官员的公仆观,尤其是对滥用公权力者,如果尚未构成犯罪,也应令其承担相应的其他不利后果。