寻租约束下的行政效率及其对我国行政改革的启示

本文通过经济学模型分析考察寻租行为对行政效率的负面影响。研究发现,不论是外部寻租行为还是政府部门的内部寻租行为,均会造成行政效率低下、社会产出效率下降、社会效用总量受损;但是,选择一个较大的政府规模虽然会影响全社会产出效率,却不一定引起社会效用损失,因此,我国的行政改革并不需要从压缩行政规模入手,而应当努力遏制寻租,坚持走渐进的行政改革道路。     

组织公民行为的道德审视

组织公民行为作为一种积极的角色外行为对组织内部环境有建设性作用的同时也会对组织管理产生一定消极影响,但是把对组织公民行为的失当管理所带来的后果归咎为这种角色外行为的消极影响有失偏颇。管理活动一旦背离组织公民行为内在的道德性,势必会诱发管理困境和成员的消极角色外行为,产生道德摩擦。因之,本文从潜在的道德困境这一角度审视组织公民行为的消极影响,侧重从成员的心理动机和组织反馈进行归因分析,期待通过人力资源管理途径来改善组织公民行为的道德处境。     

扣缴义务人责任研究：类型化与反思

税法上扣缴义务人未完全履行扣缴义务，脱法扣缴行为随之产生，扣缴制度的立法目的成空，追究扣缴义务人责任是为必然。依现行税法规定，扣缴义务人不仅将视情况承担“补缴、追缴”，“限期改正、责令改正”、“刑事处罚”等主责任，而且需承担“滞纳金”，“罚款”或“滞纳金与罚款”等一并使用的从责任。责任形态的复杂性和现行税法的诸多缺陷，导致扣缴义务人责任实务运用极为混乱。要想从源头上解决此问题，必须对扣缴义务人责任进行多维定性，以扣缴义务人基本权利的行使作为扣缴制度财政目的的边界，以财政目的的实现作为扣缴义务人义务履行、权利行使的边界。     

劳动人权与法律规范下的劳动自治

劳动人权是人权的重要内容之一,每个人都享有与生俱来的劳动权利。应当平等保障所有劳动者的劳动人权,以体现劳动价值。在此法律规范下,劳动自治作为意思自治在劳动关系领域的反映,体现了劳动权的契约自由。应允许符合劳动伦理的劳动力自由交易行为。国家应在国际劳工标准基础上,建立与社会物质生活条件相适应的劳动年龄制度,顾及未成年人和退休人员的劳动需求。法律对劳动权利应当保护性限制,而非限制性保护。     

刍议哄抬价格行为的入罪化

价格问题是当今社会热点问题,由于哄抬价格行为具有严重社会危害性,中国现行法律制裁措施对它遏制效果不显,且它又具备着当罚性,故该文认为哄抬价格行为存在入罪依据,完全应当予以入罪化处理。为此,该文比照现行刑法非法经营罪的法条设置就哄抬价格行为入罪化的具体模式展开设计,根据拟设的法条剖析了哄抬价格罪的犯罪构成要件,并对其具体司法认定展开了探讨。     

大学生消费行为与家庭背景的关系——基于在杭高校的调查

当今大学生是一个庞大而特殊的消费群体,在社会各方面因素的影响下,他们的消费心理、消费观念、消费方式等也不尽相同。然而,由于大学生还未迈入社会,他们的经济主要来源于家庭,是纯粹的消费者,属于＂寄生型＂消费者。本文主要通过对当前在杭高校大学生消费现状及其家庭背景的调查,分别探讨他们的消费行为与其家庭背景之间存在的相关关系。     

民事自助行为制度的功能分析及立法选择

自助行为属于私力救济的一种形式,它具有保护利益的特定性、行为的法定性和公力补充性的特征;自助行为制度有利于保护公民的合法权益,降低司法成本,提高司法效率,维护市场经济信用秩序等方面的功能;我国的民事立法中应该引入该制度,以促进我国法制现代化进程。     

Rethinking Timing of First Sex and Delinquency

The relation between timing of first sex and later delinquency was examined using a genetically informed sample of 534 same-sex twin pairs from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, who were assessed at three time points over a 7-year interval. Genetic and environmental differences between families were found to account for the association between earlier age at first sex and increases in delinquency. After controlling for these genetic and environmental confounds using a quasi-experimental design, earlier age at first sex predicted lower levels of delinquency in early adulthood. The current study is contrasted with previous research with non-genetically informative samples, including Armour and Haynie (2007, Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 141–152). Results suggest a more nuanced perspective on the meaning and consequences of adolescent sexuality than is commonly put forth in the literature.

A Multi-mediation Model on the Relations of Bullying,Victimization, Identity,and Family with Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

This study investigated a multi-mediation model of the relationship between bullying behavior, peer victimization, personal identity, and family characteristics to adolescent depressive symptoms in 194 high school students, 12–18 years of age. In the first model, peer victimization mediated the relation between bullying behavior and depressive symptoms. In the second model, personal identity mediated the relation between peer victimization and depressive symptoms. In the final model, the two mediation models were combined. The relative influence of family characteristics on all variables in the two mediation models was studied using structural equation modeling. The results supported both mediation models and confirmed the influence of family characteristics on all variables in the mediation models. This study indicates that victimization by one’s peers has consequences for adolescents’ psychological health when their personal identity is affected. In addition, the study was able to model several processes in which family characteristics were related to adolescent depressive symptoms. Moreover, the final combined model (in which the two mediation models and the influence of family characteristics on all variables were confirmed) explained half of the variance in adolescent depressive symptoms.