Criminal Recidivism Among Juvenile Offenders: Testing the Incremental and Predictive Validity of Three Measures of Psychopathic Features

We studied the predictive, comparative, and incremental validity of three measures of psychopathic features (Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version [PCL:YV]; Antisocial Process Screening Device [APSD]; Childhood Psychopathy Scale [CPS]) vis-à-vis criminal recidivism among 83 delinquent youth within a truly prospective design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses (Cox proportional hazard analyses) showed that of the three measures, the CPS was most consistently related to most types of recidivism in comparison to the other measures. However, incremental validity analyses demonstrated that all of the predictive effects for the measures of psychopathic features disappeared after conceptually relevant covariates (i.e., substance use, conduct disorder, young age, past property crime) were included in multivariate predictive models. Implications for the limits of these measures in applied juvenile justice assessment are discussed.     

Ginsberg: Under the World

Liverpool Law Review -     

新时代促进农民共同富裕的逻辑、难题和路径

实现全体人民共同富裕,农民共富是关键和短板。新时代促进农民共同富裕具有深刻的必然逻辑：它是中国共产党的初心宗旨,是中国特色社会主义农业现代化的重要特征,是破解新时代社会主要矛盾的迫切要求,也是农民实现美好生活最现实的利益诉求。但当前,促进农民共同富裕也面临着一些现实难题,表现在：大部分农民收入较低,城乡收入差距较大,大多数农村地区产业发展较落后,部分农民就业创业能力不强等方面。要坚持和完善农村集体所有制,加快农村产业振兴,构建促进农民持续较快增收的长效机制,激发农民勤劳致富内生动力,扎实促进新时代农民共同富裕。     

传统与特色 ：新时代工会组织的服务职责及实现路径研究

中国工会第十七次全国代表大会将中国工会的基本职责修改为"维护职工合法权益、竭诚服务职工群众",这是时代的要求,也是工会工作创新的重要内容。梳理分析工会服务职工群众职责的演进历程可以发现,不同时期对该问题的表述和要求存在差异。但工会组织服务职工群众是始终与维护职工合法权益紧密联系在一起的。各级工会组织在服务职工群众方面进行积极探索,形成了一些影响力较大的服务品牌。在新形势下,工会服务职工工作首先要凸显工会特色、清晰工会组织定位,转变理念,实现以职工需求为导向;其次,应将资源向基层工会倾斜,指导和帮助基层工会,夯实服务职工的组织基础;最后,应探索建立与广大职工群众之间有效的互动反馈机制。     

DNA分型实验室管理应重视的几个问题

1985年Gill等第一次报导将DNA指纹图用于个体讽别并获得成功后，DNA分型技术在个体识别和亲子鉴定中的应用潜力开始为法医界所注目【'］．随着该项技术的日益完善，它极大地提高了生物学检材（血液，血痕，精斑，混合斑，毛发和指甲等）在法医物证学鉴定过程中的价值，并广泛应用于法医鉴定实践中．同时，法医界又面临着这样一个问题：如何对有关的DNA分型实验室进行管理监督，以保证其能更好地为司法实践服务．本文从DNA分型实验室人员设置和要求，DNA分型技术标准化以及与传统血型血清学的关系等方面并结合国外进展作如下探讨．ID…     

Forensic analysis of hallucinogenic fungi: a DNA-based approach

Hallucinogenic fungi synthesize two controlled substances, psilocin and psilocybin. Possession of the fungal species that contain these compounds is a criminal offence in North America. Some related species that are morphologically similar, do not contain the controlled substances. Therefore, unambiguous identification of fungi to the species level is critical in determining if a mushroom is illegal. We investigate a phylogenetic approach for the identification of species that contain the psychoactive compounds. We analyzed 35 North American specimens representing seven different genera of hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic mushrooms. We amplified and sequenced the internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA (ITS-1) and a 5′ portion of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit of rRNA (nLSU rRNA or 28S). ITS-1 locus sequence data was highly variable and produced a phylogenetic resolution that was not consistent with morphological identifications. In contrast, the nLSU rRNA data clustered isolates from the same species and separated hallucinogen containing and non-hallucinogen containing isolates into distinct clades. With this information, we propose an approach that combines the specificity of PCR detection and the resolving power of phylogenetic analysis to efficiently and unambiguously identify hallucinogenic fungal specimens for legal purposes.     

Religious Innovation and Competition in Contemporary African Christianity

ABSTRACT

This introductory essay lays out the main themes of a special issue of Journal of Contemporary African Studies which brings together six empirically grounded papers by African social scientists of different disciplinary backgrounds. These works touch on various aspects of the social impact of religious innovation and competition in present day African Christianity. They represent the first fruits on the social science side of an interdisciplinary initiative that made 23 research grants for theologians and social scientists to study Christianity and social change in contemporary Africa. These articles focus on a variety of dynamics in contemporary African religion (mostly Christianity), including gender, health and healing, social media, entrepreneurship, and inter-religious borrowing and accommodation. The editors conclude that the research and learning reflected in this volume will enhance understanding of religion’s vital entanglement in contemporary African society. The articles reveal problematic ethical and psychological dynamics in some of these new movements, particularly among some of the neo-Pentecostal groups. Yet the authors are determined to go beyond perspectives that are overly fixated with African problems and victimisation. They are keen to explore opportunities for understanding African agency and African wellsprings of hope. The editors conclude that scholars of religion and religiosity in Africa need to invest new conceptual and methodological energy in researching what it means to be actively religious in Africa today.     

从生态文明建设视域谈贵州经济社会发展

生态文明建设是落实科学发展观,实现贵州经济社会发展的正确选择,是贵州探索人与自然和谐发展的必然结论。因此,应该树立生态价值教育观,转变贵州经济发展方式,抓好节能减排工作,建立完善的政策和法律体系。     

国际社会对贸易自由化与国际劳工标准的辩论

20世纪 90年代以来 ,随着全球化和贸易自由化的迅猛发展 ,引发了国际社会关于贸易自由化与国际劳工标准挂钩的辩论 ,各种相关的国际组织和工会对此问题展开了激烈的争论 ,虽然最终并没有争出胜负 ,但也在某些方面达成了共识。     

对农村妇女信教问题的分析与思考

农村基层组织薄弱、思想政治工作淡化、精神文化生活贫乏以及妇女自身科技文化素质偏低等是女性信教者增多的主要原因.女性信教者增多已经干扰了农村两大文明建设,直接影响到当前农村社会的发展与稳定.解决农村妇女信教问题要突出农村思想政治教育的科学性、可参与性、针对性和实效性等具体应对措施.