共同胜利论·卡夫丁峡谷·全球化

马克思恩格斯提出的“共同胜利论”和关于“跨越卡夫丁峡谷”的论述，曾经是理论界关注的热点。我们非常有必要回归到原始文本中，对其基本内涵、具体观点和结论进行完整、准确的理解，并在此基础上分析其现实意义，用以指导我们科学分析全球化的发展趋势。     

浅析信息资源在公安实战中的深度运用

公安信息化离不开信息资源，目前各级公安机关所使用的信息资源其来源和应用现状参差不齐，各种信息资源的潜在价值还有待于深度挖掘，如何使信息资源发挥最大的效益是公安机关亟待解决的问题。     

A NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF MANDATORY PARENT EDUCATION*

In an effort to take positive steps toward coping with problems for families and children created by high levels of separation and divorce, ever increasing civil caseloads and the exposure of children to interparental conflict, court‐affiliated educational programs have emerged in the United States for parents separating from their spouse or partner or going through a divorce. This article will provide an overview of the creation of such programs and their development, which includes a discussion regarding the numerous states currently mandating parents to attend. It will summarize some of the research which has been conducted as to the efficacy of the programs and will provide the results of our nationwide research for each state's parent education status. There is a discussion of domestic violence issues and sensitivities in the context of parent education programs and possible future directions for mandatory parent education.     

破坏环境资源保护罪的构成特征探究

破坏环境资源保护罪是新《刑法》增设的一类犯罪。其侵犯的客体是国家对环境资源保护的管理制度。其客观方面不仅包括举动犯、结果犯, 而且还应当包括危险犯这一新的犯罪形态。就因果关系而言,笔者不赞成对本类犯罪的认定采取有罪推定的方法,而赞成采取国外的“流行病学”的证明方法,即“根据流行病学的方法去认识某种物质所造成的某种危害的必然性,再加上动物实验数据,并备有其他必然性的补充资料,就可以充分断定因果关系了”。关于本类犯罪的主体,笔者认为国家也可以成为国际环境犯罪的主体。在主观罪过方面,笔者不主张在我国对于此类犯罪引进无过失责任。     

关于法院拍卖采矿权的思考

采矿权是一个特殊的财产权，法院强制执行采矿权亦具有特殊性。在执行程序中，人民法院可否直接委托商业拍卖机构向社会公开拍卖采矿权，可否直接将采矿权人的采矿权通过民事裁定书裁定给债权人？拍卖采矿权是由国土资源主管部门主导还是由法院主导？对此，争议很大。上述问题的解决涉及对法院执行权性质和采矿权性质的认识，涉及对法院拍卖和权利转让关系的理解。     

遗传资源惠益分享合同研究

由于话语权的缺失、自身科技发展状况的限制和国际法律体系建立的过程性,目前发展中国家在遗传资源获取和利益分享领域要遵从发达国家的游戏规则,采用"合同模式"。通过对此类合同的解读,分析其性质,明确合同双方的权利义务,以我国为例探讨如何在处于弱势的情况下,能够利用这种合同,获取相对较大利益。     

论高校图书馆数字资源建设及发展

高校图书馆应该根据学校和图书馆的发展规划，学科的建设等情况，制定数字资源的建设规划。加大力度引进中外文数据库，加强高校图书馆自建数据库的建设，加强高校图书馆互联，实现资源共建共享，加强数字资源整合检索建设。     

多媒体教学在实践中的应用

随着多媒体技术的日趋完善,多媒体教学被越来越多地应用于课堂。多媒体教学较传统的教学模式来说,不仅扩大了课堂教学的信息量,而且增强了教学内容的生动性和形象性,并以其生动的表现形式、便捷的操作方式赢得了广大教师的青睐。多媒体教学必然会给我们的教育带来更多的方式,进一步促进教育的发展。     

论土地资源生态补偿

生态补偿包括国家通过征收环境资源税以保证政府提供土地资源生态产品的公共服务职能;亦包括对因公共利益(生态保护)的需要而受到损失或者付出经济代价的人给予公正的补偿。土地资源生态补偿必须贯彻一种整体主义的生态补偿观。就我国现行的土地资源生态补偿立法和制度运作而言,其现实可行的模式只能是政府主导型。土地资源环境资源税收以生态受益者对国家所进行的环境经济行为机会成本进行补偿为征收标准;土地资源公益征收性质的生态补偿应当贯彻以被征收人生活水平不低于征收前为补偿标准,其补偿范围包括法律规范所规定并予以救济的维生上的财产性不利益和非财产性不利益。     

The effectiveness of NGO self‐regulation: theory and evidence from Africa

Non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) play an increasingly important role in public service provision and policy making in sub‐Saharan Africa, stimulating demand for new forms of regulatory oversight. In response, a number of initiatives in NGO self‐regulation have emerged. Using cross‐national data on 20 African countries, the article shows that self‐regulation in Africa falls into three types: national‐level guilds, NGO‐led clubs and voluntary codes of conduct. Each displays significant weaknesses from a regulatory policy perspective. National guilds have a broad scope, but require high administrative oversight capacity on the part of NGOs. Voluntary clubs have stronger standards but typically have much weaker coverage. Voluntary codes are the most common form of self‐regulation, but have the weakest regulatory strength. This article argues that the weakness of current attempts to improve the accountability and regulatory environment of NGOs stems in part from a mismatch between the goals of regulation and the institutional incentives embedded in the structure of most self‐regulatory regimes. The article uses the logic of collective action to illustrate the nature of this mismatch and the tradeoffs between the potential breadth and strength of various forms of NGO self‐regulation using three detailed case studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.