刑事责任能力鉴定启动难的成因分析

纵观社会各界关于刑事责任能力鉴定启动难的成因分析,我们可以发现其存在着明显的基本归因错误。事实上,我国司法实践中存在的刑事责任能力鉴定的“泛精神病”、“泛无（或限制）刑事责任能力”倾向与相关抑制措施的缺失相结合,导致的容易放纵犯罪的社会现实状况,也是“手握”刑事责任能力鉴定启动权的各个司法机关不愿启动刑事责任能力鉴定的重要原因之一。     

试论"超越法律"的企业社会责任

The corporate social responsibility “beyond law” is the responsibility of enterprises beyond the mandatory obligations by force of law but in line with social values and expectations. Indeed, the legal norms on such kind of responsibility are “soft law”, which mainly incorporate social values and expectations in corporate business behaviors and governance structure, so as to realize corporate “self-regulation”. By protecting the substantive and procedural rights of stakeholders and improving their negotiation power, the “soft law” aims at realizing the spontaneous confrontation and balance of the market, and the corporate reputation mechanism and the functions of NGOs adds much to the performance of corporate social responsibility. He Zhaodan, Economics Doctor of Sun Yat-Sen University, mostly focuses on Law and Economics. She has published six research articles in the academic journals of China.     

再议毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任能力评定

我国法律未规定毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任问题,国内法学界和司法精神病学界对此问题争论的焦点主要集中在吸毒者陷于辨认或控制能力丧失状态下实施危害行为时该如何评定其刑事责任能力上。毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任能力评定应从法律的角度来探讨,而不能由司法鉴定人员以精神病学的角度来认定有无刑事责任能力。     

伦理责任抑或法律责任——对公司社会责任制度的重新审视

公司社会责任问题是一个涉及众多学科领域的具有综合性、交叉性的概念。虽然在我国《公司法》中已明确规定公司应当承担社会责任,但对公司社会责任的概念界定无论在理论上还是在实践中都一直存在争议。事实上公司社会责任有伦理意义上的社会责任和法律意义上的社会责任之别。前者可被称为道德化的社会责任或广义社会责任,后者则可称为法律化的社会责任即狭义的社会责任。通过分析道德化社会责任在伦理基础上和经济效益上与公司法基本理念的冲突,可以得出具有实际操作性的公司社会责任概念应采狭义的即法律化的社会责任概念。只有在关涉公共利益时才需要适用公司社会责任原则来考量公司和社会公共利益之间的平衡。     

浅论集体主义中的个体责任

本文分析了对个体责任认知方面的问题,阐释了个体如何在集体中既承担起应有的集体责任,又能对自己的选择和行为负责,维护个人正当利益。认为个体责任的实现取决于个体责任的界定、集体各成员对个体责任的了解和认可程度以及监督机制的保障。认为应从个体责任的角度对集体主义原则进行更全面的理解。     

生产者延伸责任的扩张性解释

生产者延伸责任是指生产者就其生产的产品在整个生命周期对环境的影响应承担的责任。生产者除应承担传统经济、行政法上的产品质量责任、民商法上的产品侵权责任(包括环境侵权责任)外,其责任还必须延伸至原材料的选用、产品设计、产品生产、废弃产品的回收和循环利用与最终处理阶段,以实现环境保护和资源的节约与合理利用。生产者延伸责任产生的制度渊源是环境法上的生产全过程控制治理模式,思想理论渊源是循环经济理论。     

再议现行医疗纠纷调整机制的立法缺陷与完善

《医疗事故处理条例》这部倍受关注的法规,它的出台曾经得到了社会各界的广泛好评。然而,随着实践的深入,一些新的问题也逐渐暴露出来,引发了许多学者的关注和研究。通过对新颁布的《医疗事故处理条例》存在的一些问题进行法律分析,同时结合最高人民法院第33号司法解释中关于医疗纠纷的举证责任倒置的规定,可对部分法律问题的解决做出理论分析。     

Blame shifting and blame obfuscation: The blame avoidance effects of delegation in the European Union

The delegation of governance tasks to third parties is generally assumed to help governments to avoid blame once policies become contested. International organizations, including the European Union (EU), are considered particularly opportune in this regard. The literature lacks assessments of the blame avoidance effects of delegation, let alone of the effects of different delegation designs. To address this gap in the literature, we study public blame attributions in the media coverage of two contested EU policies during the financial crisis and the migration crisis. We show that the blame avoidance effect of delegation depends on the delegation design: When agents are independent (dependent) of government control, we observe lower (higher) shares of public blame attributions targeting the government (blame shifting effect), and when agents are external (internal) to the government apparatus, overall public blame attributions for a contested policy will be less (more) frequent (blame obfuscation effect). Our findings yield important normative implications for how to maintain governments’ accountability once they have delegated governance tasks to third parties.     

Mapping the linkage between corporate social responsibility and organizational performance along with examining the moderating effect of ownership

Environmental and social initiatives taken by organizations under corporate social responsibility (CSR) have attracted stakeholder's attention and global resonance in the recent times. Alike Western countries, the concept of corporate social responsibility is not new in India rather it has been imbibed in the tradition of Indian society to donate voluntarily for social causes. As a result, a paradigm shift has been noticed where “voluntarism” in CSR has got replaced with a mandatory obligation. This has been made mandatory through an amendment of new Companies Act, 2013. The current study through empirical observations emphases on examining the impact of CSR related activities on the organizational performance with the moderating effect of organizational ownership. A model is proposed and tested using SEM through AMOS. Data were collected from 265 respondents including senior CSR managers and other working professionals of select organizations. The results show a significant and positive relationship between CSR activities and organizational performance. It is also found that organizational ownership has no moderating effect on the relationship between activities conducted under CSR and the performance of the organizations. The analytical finding of the study has a practical implication for the managers of various organizations in the Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh, India.     

The exclusionary side of (women’s) social citizenship in Southeastern Europe: childcare policy development in Bosnia-Herzegovina and gender,social and territorial inequalities

ABSTRACT

The article explores the shifts in (women’s) social citizenship in Bosnia-Herzegovina and its effect on the development of childcare policy in the 1945–2019 period. Gendered, selective childcare policy, which was inherent in the socialist notion of social citizenship and aimed to emancipate women as ‘worker-mothers’, deteriorated in the transition period when ethnicity became prioritized over gender and class. Exclusionary citizenship practices increased with the post-1990 reforms as gender and social inequalities incorporated into childcare policy design become intertwined with inequalities based on ethnicity and/or locality. The post-1990 period is characterized by discontinuity, retrenchment and weak implementation of childcare-related rights.