人格权立法模式的发展变化及其对我国民商法典的启示

人格与主体资格及主体身份密切相关,人格权乃重要的主体权利。罗马法虽然没有人格权之说,但有人格权之内容,且对后来的民法典产生很大影响,尤其对《法国民法典》影响巨大。《法国民法典》在理性主义和自由主义的影响下采取了整体的人格权观点,法典在立法技术上采取概括的人格权保护方式;随社会的发展,新的人格权能不断被吸纳进去,故未产生一般人格权制度。而《德国民法典》受实证主义和康德伦理人格主义哲学的影响,坚信法定人格权观点,法典采取列举式人格权保护,在后来的发展中显现出明显的不足。其后,在法理学的发展下,借助判例确立了一般人格权制度,且对德国族民法典产生了一定影响。其他一些国家的民法典也对一般人格权制度的形成起了一定作用。人格权立法模式的发展变化将为我国民商立法带来一些启示,不仅可以增强我国确立该制度的主动性,而且从立法技巧上,可以将传统人格权置于人身权之中,在我国《民法通则》规定的人身权制度的基础上建立起具有中国特色的人格权制度。     

美国电子商务法评析

美国各地及企业集团的利益之争 ,是美国目前电子商务立法分歧的重要原因 ,而立法的统一化 ,则是其电子商务法的必然趋势 ,无论是通过联邦立法 ,还是走统一州法的道路。在借鉴美国电子商务法的经验方面加州的技术中立原则和尤他州的政府干预方法 ,值得参考。     

现今中国民法典编纂借鉴德国民法典的几点思考

当代中国,包括大陆、台湾和澳门的法制实际都是在借鉴和继受大陆法系法制,特别是德国法制的基础上建立的。无论从法律传统还是从现实情况看,我国目前正在进行的民事立法及将来的法典编纂没有特别的理由偏离这一既定取向。当然,这并不排除在具体规则和制度上借鉴吸收英美法系法制内容,以补充和完善整体法制。在此过程中,有两个基本而重要的制度及其理论直接涉及德国法制,即：民商分立和物权抽象原则。根据历史和现实的考察以及对民商法特征的分析,我国未来的民法典编纂仍应采取民商分立的模式,而且这实际已是一种现实。至于在德国国内始终存在很大争议的物权行为理论或抽象原则,我们则不应完全照搬,而要从中寻取启发,在此基础上根据我国的实际情况和我们自己的思路,建立一种较容易理解、较接近实际生活和便于操作的物权理论及其相应制度。     

商誉及其侵权损害赔偿的理论和实践

本文以北京市高院首例商誉侵权纠纷案件为素材,从理论和司法实践两方面就商誉的法律概念和特征、商誉侵权的构成要件、归责原则和商誉侵权民事责任的确定进行了探讨。     

意思自治原则的成长与法治社会

意思自治原则的内核是主体的平等自由,理性主义和权利本位观、商品经济孕育了意思自治原则的精神。该原则的成长与法治社会有着深刻的内在关税。在现代法治社会中,意思自治原则的内涵有了新的发展,保障人权,实现经济民主成为其应有的以向。意思自治原则与我国社会主义市场经济体制的契合,必将加快我国的法治化进程。     

FAMILY COURT–UNIVERSITY PARTNERSHIP TO BENEFIT DIVORCING FAMILIES: THE EXPERIENCE OF MARICOPA COUNTY (ARIZONA) FAMILY COURT DEPARTMENT AND ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY'S PREVENTION RESEARCH CENTER*

Using evidence‐based methods to help divorcing families requires the combined best efforts of legal professionals, courts, judges and administrators, mental health oriented service providers, and university researchers. Collaborative program development, implementation, and evaluation involve a complicated process of negotiation between professionals, yet this process is hardly ever described. The current article describes the processes we underwent in forging an alliance of researchers from Arizona State University's Prevention Research Center with professionals from the Maricopa County (Arizona) Family Court, a collaboration that involved a true dialogue and cooperation from the earliest stages and continuing throughout the project. A Community‐Based Participatory Research model was the underlying basis for our partnership; its lynchpin device was a Joint Planning Committee.     

Civic Engagement – A Problem in Search of a Solution?

This article discusses the use of community partnerships to produce civic engagement. In two undergraduate courses during the Fall 2016 semester, students created products that met the stated needs of local nonprofit organizations. Students indicated a positive reaction to their experiences in qualitative assessment instruments, and the community partners were appreciative of students’ output. Given the semester-long timeframe of the projects, it is unknown whether they will lead to greater civic engagement on the part of students or the communities in which the projects took place.     

商业贿赂的治理对策

商业贿赂已经成为当前的突出问题,它扭曲了公平竞争的规则,阻碍了市场机制的正常运转,妨碍了市场经济的健康发展。但由于立法的滞后和人们认识的不统一,治理商业贿赂的现状并不理想。应尽快完善治理对策。     

合伙企业承责制度研究

无限连带责任的承责方式是合伙企业生存的条件之一.市场法则从最初的偏重合伙企业的偿还能力变为偏重于其规模效应和服务质量.所以,中介机构性质的合伙企业规模在客观上便要做大做强.可是,合伙企业的无限责任和连带责任并没有改变,在合伙企业做大时,合伙人之间,特别是没有共同服务项目关系的合伙人之间承担无限连带责任便显得危乎高哉.一方面合伙企业要做大才有市场竞争力,另一方面合伙人之间无条件地承担无限连带责任既不公平,也不利于个人财产安全.     

Methodological and Ethical Challenges in Partnering for Refugee Research: Evidence From Two Australian Studies

In this article we reflect on methodological and ethical challenges encountered while conducting two large, nationally funded studies on refugee resettlement in Australia. We focus on collaborative research partnerships, specifically with “industry partners,” wherein the partners may have different understandings of the research process and different agendas, and with bilingual research assistants. We analyze methodological challenges primarily pertaining to collecting good-quality data in cross-cultural contexts and ethical challenges concerned with ensuring confidentiality in recently arrived, tightly knit communities where community insiders assisted in accessing respondents and collecting data.