Appeals against detention in conditions of excessive security: outcomes and decision-making

The Mental Health (Care and Treatment) Scotland Act 2003 introduced the right for patients to appeal against detention in conditions of excessive security initially to those in high security. Aim: to further investigate appeal outcomes and to examine Tribunal decision-making. Results: responsible medical officer support, being on the transfer list and not having a diagnosis of learning disability increased the chances of a successful appeal. Qualitative analysis of the Tribunal’s decision-making produced 5 themes and 17 subthemes. These were used to develop a ‘checklist’ framework to improve understanding of relevant appeal factors. Conclusions: Neither appeal outcomes nor patient characteristics have changed over time. The checklist may be useful as a training tool and clinical guide. This study is timely given that the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 2015 extended the right of appeal against excessive security to patients detained within medium secure units from November 2015.     

解析恐怖主义分子活动的心理动机

本文从犯罪心理学的角度,分析了恐怖主义分子在中心理动机形成的心理社会背景,从生物性、行为性、认知性、情绪性四个维度,对心理动机进行解构,探索恐怖主义分子在活动中心理动机形成的生理、个体和社会根源。     

Prison misconduct among female inmates with mental disorders,substance abuse/dependence,and co-occurring disorders in Taiwan

This survey study attempted to address two research questions: (1) whether female inmates with either singular mental illness or singular substance abuse/dependence disorders were more likely to break institutional rules in prison than their disorder-free counterparts; and (2) whether female inmates with both mental illness and substance abuse/dependence disorders (CODs) were more likely to engage in misbehaviour than either disorder-free or singularly disordered women during the course of their confinement. The current study employed a sample of 643 female inmates and the data for analyses contained information on inmates’ CODs, mental and substance abuse/dependence disorders, and pre-prison and prison experiences. The results showed that female inmates with CODs committed the most misconduct in prisons, but no significant effect was found on prison misconduct among inmates with singular disorders and disorder-free female inmates. Possible explanations for these results were suggested, and public policy implications were discussed in the concluding section.     

颅脑损伤后精神障碍的相关因素分析

目的 探讨颅脑损伤后精神障碍的相关因素。方法 对42例颅脑损伤伤者的法医学鉴定资料进行回顾性分析,颅脑损伤诊断按照病史资料和颅脑CT/MRI确定;精神障碍按照CCMD-Ⅱ-R、CCMD-3及龚氏修订的韦氏智力量表(WAIS-RC)确定;伤残程度评定根据《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》标准。将所获得的结果,进行统计学分析。结果 精神障碍以脑震荡后综合征居首位(26.2％),其次是遗忘综合征(21.4％)、神经症(16.6％)等。精神障碍以脑伤的低伤残等级多见(Ⅹ级52.4％,Ⅷ级14.3％,Ⅶ级19.0％),但整体差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。精神病性精神障碍多分布于脑器质性损伤(脑挫裂伤54.8％,脑干损伤16.7％);非精神病性精神障碍多分布于脑功能性损伤,其中脑震荡占21.4％,其差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);智力缺损多见于脑器质性损伤(P<0.05),80.6％分布于脑伤的Ⅹ级、Ⅷ级和Ⅶ级(P<0.01)。结论 颅脑损伤后精神障碍及智力缺损的发生与颅脑损伤的类型、性质有关,与颅脑损伤的严重程度并不平行。     

刑事附带民事诉讼中的精神损害赔偿问题研究

精神利益在民事立法领域已经得到了充分认同和保护,而在刑事诉讼领域,被害人在其人格权利受到严重侵害时,却仅能要求提起物质损害赔偿,也不能就同一侵权事实另行起诉要求精神损害赔偿.这使得关于精神损害赔偿问题的立法和司法实践在民事和刑事两个法律领域之间发生了冲突.其实在国外的立法中早已有了相关的规定,因此,应当一方面通过借鉴别国的立法,取其精华;另一方面辅之我国民事立法中的有关内容,建立一套与我国国情相符的刑事附带民事精神损害赔偿程序,并日渐将其进行完善.     

The Transitioning Families Therapeutic Reunification Model in Nonfamilial Abductions

The existing literature on abduction reunification is limited and evolving. Although guidelines for model service approaches exist, few programs address the unique challenges of reunifying children and families following abduction. This article delineates a family‐based reunification model that has assisted families affected by abduction since 2006. Model components include a team‐centered approach, a stage‐oriented reunification process, and pitfalls and strategies related to intersystem collaboration. We present the value of a family‐systems, solution‐focused, trauma‐informed, and case‐specific approach to therapeutic reunification following child abduction. Evidence that is contrary to the popular notion of Stockholm's syndrome is also marked. Research on the efficacy of therapeutic reunification is essential for the growth of systems equipped to address the dynamic needs of these families. Accordingly, suggestions for evaluation research are proposed.     

积极心理品质的培养--论新民警的心理素质强化训练

我国公安民警的心理素质相对来说处于一个薄弱环节,亟待改进.新民警的初任培训是进行心理素质训练的最好时期.对新民警的心理素质训练应当以积极心理品质的培养为主,其核心是积极认知图式的构建.积极心理品质培养的方法除了必要的理论教学之外,更重要的是采用行为训练的方式进行体验式教学,而且应与其它公安学科的学习与训练相结合.     

警察的心理健康状况与心理防御机制研究

心理防御机制对于警察的心理健康有重要作用。心理防御机制有很多种,通常表现为消极的心理防御机制和积极的心理防御机制。每个警察应该根据自己的情况进行借鉴和选择,以保持良好的心理状态。     

再议毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任能力评定

我国法律未规定毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任问题,国内法学界和司法精神病学界对此问题争论的焦点主要集中在吸毒者陷于辨认或控制能力丧失状态下实施危害行为时该如何评定其刑事责任能力上。毒品所致精神障碍者的刑事责任能力评定应从法律的角度来探讨,而不能由司法鉴定人员以精神病学的角度来认定有无刑事责任能力。