文化融入策略与恐怖组织的认同

恐怖组织的认同构建过程可分为三个阶段：个体恐怖分子在群体中找到自我、组织内部同一性的构建以及组织一致对外的恐怖主义活动。在整个认同构建过程中，始终贯穿着恐怖组织内外群体文化融入策略选择的矛盾，具体表现为：第一阶段，潜在恐怖分子在主流文化中认同受挫，转而寻求加入恐怖组织。第二阶段，恐怖组织以自身所处的宗教文化为基础，构建其组织文化，并积极通过各种方式加深组织成员对这一文化的认同，但与此相对，恐怖组织外群体却很难认同其组织文化。第三阶段，恐怖组织内外群体文化融入策略选择的矛盾持续激化，最终导致恐怖组织采取一致对外的恐怖主义活动。通过“伊斯兰国”作为案例，对上述恐怖组织的认同过程进行分析后发现，“伊斯兰国”的“成功”是与其“成功”的文化融入策略密切相关，而其在阿富汗的受挫，在很大程度上也是由于文化融入策略“失当”所导致的，即“伊斯兰国”在阿富汗不但无力完成与塔利班的竞争，而且无法解决组织面临的跨文化冲突问题。因此，在打击“伊斯兰国”等暴恐极端势力时，关注文化融入策略的影响并有针对性地采取对策，具有重要意义和价值。     

Accrediting Charitable Organizations: Institution,Operations and Potential Problems: Based on the Observation of Shenzhen

The successful implementation of the Charitable Organizations accreditation would be closely related to the implementation of the charity law. It has been half years since the law was enacted. It is necessary to have a comprehensive discussion and evaluation on the performance of the charity law. We attempt to answer this question via the interview and case study methods. Shenzhen, the city of philanthropy, was selected as our target city. We have conducted this study from three different aspects: the institutional arrangement, operations and potential problems. This study indicates that Charitable Organizations’ accreditation, at least, faces five potential issues: delayed policy implementation, organizational discretion, cognition of works, protection of organizational rights and lacking of the institutional motivations.     

Rural unions and the struggle for land in Brazil

Studies of Brazil's agricultural labor movement have generally neglected its relationship to the struggle for land, but this is neither fair nor accurate. Analyzing the rural labor movement's historical contributions to the land struggle in Brazil, this contribution has been organized into three main periods, emphasizing social relations, institutional activism and policy changes. It argues that despite the peculiarities of different historical contexts, rural labor consistently provoked protest against policies that privileged large landholders, whose concentration of power over land and labor resources continually worsened Brazil's ranking as one of the most unequal of nations. For more than half a century, the most constant opponent of this situation among the peasantry has been the National Confederation of Workers in Agriculture (CONTAG), a corporatist organization of rural labor unions founded in 1963.     

依法保障我国社会组织参与社会管理的权力

目前,我国社会组织在社会管理中发挥的作用越来越突出,但是行政化色彩严重、公众信任度不高、监督管理不到位等因素仍然制约着其健康发展。党的十八届四中全会提出"依法治国"的重大决定,而社会组织作为多元社会管理力量中的一股重要力量,也应该依法保障其参与社会管理的权力,探索其发展的法制化路径,比如:进一步简政放权、依法监管、适度问责及法律体系的完善等等,只有依法构建良好的制度环境,才能推动社会组织健康发展,从真正意义上实现依法治国。     

新冠肺炎疫情防控中的“志愿者+社区社会组织”模式服务效力及其反思

在新冠肺炎疫情期间,社区的“志愿者+社区社会组织”实务模式在防控疫情蔓延、平缓居民心态、链接生活物资等方面发挥了重要作用。从志愿者参与途径看,“志愿者+社区社会组织”服务实践主要体现为价值取向中的个体主动、从众压力下的群体驱动、基于科层权威的单位组织、社区自治组织发动的“网格+志愿服务”、注重多元主体协同的混合五种具体模式,并在防疫工作中发挥了各自效力。该实务模式尚存志愿者和社区社会组织工作人员的定位分化、志愿服务风险系数高、志愿者疫情防控能力不足等突出问题。为推进志愿服务参与社区社会组织的疫情防控效率,须明晰组织与志愿者之间的合作基础,实施志愿服务的成本收益分析,筛选合适的志愿服务模式,总结疫情防控的基本经验,推动志愿服务的制度化建设。     

Interorganizational Collaborations for Humanitarian Aid: An Analysis of Partnership,Community, and Single Organization Outcomes

Abstract

This article explores collaborative activities across organizational and sectoral boundaries. Interorganizational collaborations are an increasingly common setup to address societal needs; however, current research lacks insights into such collaborations and their outcomes. This study contributes to the existing literature by assessing empirically perceptions of interorganizational collaboration outcomes, considering different dimensions that should be measured when planning and performing tasks of social interest. The article is set in the context of disaster relief, where actors from different humanitarian relief organizations within the public and nonprofit sector engage in collaborative activities. I describe how interorganizational collaborations create outcomes for (1) the partnership structure that is established, (2) single organizational members involved in the collaborative activity, and (3) the community targeted by the interorganizational operation.     

There’s an app for that: Modernizing domestic violence support through the creation of new technologies,tools, and services

With domestic violence (DV) at an all-time high, police departments are drastically underutilizing technology to combat DV. Currently, New York police departments complete a “Domestic Incident Report” at the scene of domestic incidents but fail to adequately facilitate support services. New York State should mandate a services component into police DV protocols, specifically by commissioning: (1) an application linked to DV organizations presented at the scene of domestic incidents; and (2) a gateway application to refer victims to the correct services. Such tools would allow for the rendering of more efficient support to DV victims in times of immediate crisis.     

Vicarious Trauma in Child Welfare Workers: A Study of Organizational Responses

Child welfare is provided within an organizational context that both supports and thwarts the efforts of workers and administrators to meet the myriad of goals established by federal, state, and local regulation and professional bodies. As the field moves toward trauma-informed services for children and families (Ko et al., 2008 Ko, S. J., Ford, J. D., Kassam-Adams, N., Berkowitz, S. J., Wilson, C., Wong, M., Brymer, M. J., &; Layne, C. M. (2008). Creating trauma-informed systems: Child welfare, education, first responders, healthcare, juvenile justice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(4), 396–404.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), the effect of trauma on workers has received less agency attention (Middleton &; Potter, 2015 Middleton, J. S., &; Potter, C. C. (2015). Relationship between vicarious traumatization and turnover among child welfare professionals. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 9(2), 195–216.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). This exploratory, qualitative study examines the level of knowledge administrators have regarding vicarious trauma and probes the organizational responses of public child welfare agencies to the vicarious trauma experienced by workers.     

我国现阶段黑恶犯罪组织的特点、危害及防范对策

本文分析了我国当前黑恶犯罪组织的发展阶段、特点和危害,并深入探索和总结了打黑除恶工作的对策和经验。     

论我国黑社会性质犯罪组织的新特点

黑社会性质犯罪组织处于黑社会犯罪组织的初级水平．具有严重的社会危害性。黑社会性质犯罪组织的存在与发展,既受一定社会的经济、政治、人文历史文化等因素的影响和制约,又有自身的特点及规律。在当前形势下,我国罴社会性质组织除具有专业化、职业化、集团化、暴力化等特征之外。还具有一些新特点。文章从若干方面对这些特点作了分析。