Has the gender gap in voter turnout really disappeared?

According to conventional wisdom, the traditional gender gap in voting has disappeared or even reversed in most established democracies. Drawing on the existing literature on differences between the sexes in political engagement and on pioneering voter turnout theories, this article questions the conventional assumption and hypothesises that women still participate at a lower rate in less important elections. It systematically tests this hypothesis by exploring the impact of gender on voter turnout in different electoral arenas. The empirical analyses of two cross-national datasets (Making Electoral Democracy Work and the European Election Study) demonstrate that although there is generally no gender gap in first-order elections, women tend to vote less than men in second-order contests. This reflects lower levels of interest in politics among women and their lower levels of knowledge about politics when it comes to second-order elections.     

Theoretical criteria for online consumer behaviour: web-based communication exposure and internal psychological behavioural processes approaches

Various theories, theoretical viewpoints and models on consumer behaviour stipulate consumers’ offline and online behaviour when purchasing a product or using a service. This article deviates from the purchasing perspective and instead proposes an information and web-based communication message ‘seeking and consumption¹ perspective. This new perspective is theoretically grounded in two new approaches to online consumer behaviour: the web-based communication exposure and internal psychological behavioural processes approaches; as well as the integration of various theoretical perspectives, approaches, theories and models that address fragments of offline and online consumer behaviour. The research problem is to address the existing limited and fragmented approaches, because existing purchasing perspectives arguably do not provide adequate theoretical criteria to explain online consumer behaviour during interactive information-seeking and consumption activities. Hence, the main aim of this article is to propose new theoretical criteria for online consumer behaviour to address these shortcomings.     

Gender Differences in Delinquency and Situational Action Theory: A Partial Test

This paper investigates to what extent a recent perspective in criminology, Situational Action Theory, is valid for both males and females and to what extent elements from the theory explain gender differences in delinquency. Data are used from the first (N?=?843) and second (N?=?616) wave of the Study of Peers, Activities, and Neighborhoods, which included detailed data about core elements of Situational Action Theory (morality, self-control, unsupervised peer activity and peer deviancy), proposed indirect causes (bonds with parents and school, parental monitoring) and self-reported delinquency. Cross-sectional and lagged Tobit regression analyses show that the core relations with delinquency are not significantly different between boys and girls and that the elements of Situational Action Theory are able to explain gender differences in delinquency for a substantial part. However, there is still a remaining independent effect of gender on current and lagged delinquency.     

对金融危机后我国社保基金运作策略的思考

本文收集并分析了2000-2009期间我国社保基金理事会的资金运营状况,认为社保基金的运作要平衡谨慎投资和扩大赢利能力的关系,在分析金融危机影响的基础上,对我国社保基金的运作模式提出相关建议。     

城市居民消费影响因素研究

居民消费结构的优化与增强,是拉动哈尔滨的经济发展的重要方面,同时也是哈尔滨市一项重要的民生工程。目前制约哈尔滨市城市居民消费的主要因素有：城市居民收入因就业制度变迁而充满变数,致使其增加预防性储蓄;现行城市社会保障制度要求居民个人付费比重增加,使其预期性消费增加;不完全的市场供给制度也使城市居民消费成本增加;受金融危机因子影响,造成哈尔滨市内需不畅。上述因素致使居民消费能力和消费欲望降低。要改善上述现状,优化城市居民消费结构,增强消费者预期;需要培育城市居民消费热点,挖掘他的消费潜力;需要完善社会保障制度,解除城市居民消费预期之忧;需要加快建立有效的消费信贷制度;需要提高市场调控能力,降低消费成本。通过上述措施,可有效提高哈尔滨市城市居民消费水平,促进经济良性循环。     

政治合法性视角下的中国贫富差距问题研究

政治合法性是政治学中的一个核心概念，它涉及民众对政治统治合法性的认可及自愿服从程度，对于建设和谐社会、维护社会稳定具有重要意义。贫富差距的扩大已成为影响社会和谐进步的障碍。将二者结合起来研究具有时代价值和意义。     

消除新生代农民工心理落差的对策

影响新生代农民工融入城市的因素很多,然而,其自身“短板”特别是“城市生存技能”欠缺造成的种种负面心理影响不容忽视.因此,应该在“城市生存技能”培训方面下大力气,多做文章.     

谚语与日本商业文化的特性

日语谚语是承载日本文化内涵的一个重要载体,同时也是反映日本文化特征的具体表现形式。本文从消费观、经商观、风险观等方面对日语谚语进行了归纳整理、试译与分析,并从中抽取出了日本传统商业意识与商业规范的特质。采用将语言、文化、经济、商业等多元因素相结合的手法,对日本谚语中所蕴涵和折射出的商业文化特征加以系统性论述。     

我国城乡居民消费行为的动态比较——基于可变参数模型的实证分析

改革开放以来，我国居民的消费行为发生了巨大的变化，主要体现在不同时期边际消费倾向的显著差异。本文通过建立可变参数模型来体现居民边际消费倾向时变的特点，结合时变的边际消费倾向的特征，对我国城乡居民的消费行为进行比较分析，并在此基础上给出相应的政策建议。     

居民消费对我国经济增长的影响研究——基于产业的分析

经济增长表现为三次产业的增长,居民消费对经济增长的影响主要表现在三次产业上.借助马克思"生产力-生产方式-生产关系"分析范式分析产业演进和消费的关系,可以得出这样的结论:在一定的生产力条件下,消费引导产业发展和产业结构变化,从而决定经济增长.