Why do “teeth” need “voice”? The case of anti‐corruption agencies in three Australian states

Interactions between horizontal accountability agencies (e.g., anti‐corruption agencies [ACAs]) and social accountability actors (e.g., journalists, civil society activists, and complainants/whistleblowers) are recognized as important to horizontal agencies’ performance, but the reason(s) is not clear. This study therefore explores why horizontal accountability agencies need social accountability actors in performing their functions. The study analyses data from 30 key stakeholders in Australia, including ACAs staff members, social accountability actors, and other observers to report on the specific support roles social actors play to ACAs’ activities and operations. Through the conceptual lens of social accountability, evidence show that social actors play four key types of support roles to ACAs’ activities and operations: activate ACAs’ investigations; “amplify” ACAs’ operations; guard ACAs’ activities and operations; and defend ACAs’ independence and powers. These findings support the need for interactions and, also, affirm the potential for research into how these support roles can better be provided for effective anti‐corruption outcomes. The research is of value to public accountability agencies in Australia, and internationally.     

Fair treatment,fair play? The relationship between fair treatment perceptions,political trust and compliant and cooperative attitudes cross-nationally

Obtaining citizens’ voluntary compliance with political decisions is a fundamental democratic challenge. Fair treatment by public officials plays a key role in theoretical and empirical studies on citizens’ compliance and cooperation. Yet it is unclear whether citizens within different societies react to (un)fair treatment in the same way. Using multilevel structural equation modelling and multilevel regression analysis on the European Social Survey 2010–2 (N = 52,458), this article shows that perceptions of fair treatment by police officers are associated with higher levels of trust in political institutions and in turn stronger compliant and cooperative attitudes of citizens in 27 countries. Yet the link between perceptions of unfair treatment and institutional trust is stronger in countries in which fair behaviour is more prevalent. While fair treatment is often considered to be a universal norm affecting citizens in a uniform way, this article sheds light on important cross-national variations.     

论和谐社会视野下的“无直接利益冲突”

在构建和谐社会的背景下解读“无直接利益冲突”这一社会矛盾的新形式,我们不难发现,它对于推动我国的民主化进程、维护社会的长期稳定、促进社会和谐,既有消极的作用,也有积极的影响.正视这一客观事实,积极预防、理性对待、妥善处置“无直接利益冲突”,对于构建社会主义和谐社会具有特殊的意义.     

执政生态与党内利益冲突的防范与治理

构建行之有效的党内利益冲突防范和治理机制,建设反腐败斗争的坚实堡垒,必须规范党员领导干部公共权力界限,健全党员领导干部权力监督制约机制。     

论量刑建议权的有效行使

量刑建议权有效行使以司法分权理论、程序过程理论为其理论依据。在量刑建议权有效行使的标准上存在着两个误区——将审判监督权与量刑建议权行使标准等同和将公诉权中的定罪请求权与量刑请求权的有效行使标准等同。有必要确立有效行使标准的原则，并确立量刑建议权有效行使的宏观标准和微观标准。     

虚增工程款收取回扣行为的刑事认定研究——以台湾地区的相关经验为借鉴

国家工作人员通过虚增工程款收取回扣的行为尚无明确法律规定加以刑事认定,亦无专门学说加以借鉴。国家工作人员虚增工程款收取之回扣在本质上不属于我国法律中对回扣的认定,但可包含于台湾地区回扣之范围内。鉴于此,台湾地区关于回扣的司法认定对于大陆地区探讨国家工作人员虚增工程款收取回扣行为的刑事认定具有借鉴意义。     

晚清吏治的腐败与洋务运动的失败

晚清洋务运动时期，清政府为追求富强，花费巨额资金引进西方技术、设备、创办了一批近代企业。然而，由于整个官场吏治腐败得不到肃清，这些企业内部也相应存在着盲目决策、任用私人、管理混乱、贪污舞弊等弊端，使企业难以发挥应有的作用，最终导致洋务运动走向失败。这段史实，为在实现现代化过程中如何处理政治改革与发展经济的关系这一关键的问题，提出了重要的经验教训。     

论反腐体系科学化视野下的民营企业家腐败犯罪刑事治理对策

日益成熟的中国市场经济孕育出了举足轻重的中国民营经济体,然而在这一欣欣向荣的表象背后却隐藏着中国民营企业家腐败犯罪的高发风险。在反腐体系科学化大背景下,通过调查分析,发现当前中国民营企业家腐败犯罪呈现规模"稳定增长"、腐败犯罪形态多元等特点,这种独特现象不仅与民众仅仅重视反公职人员腐败的褊狭观念相关,也与"重公轻私"的刑事制度设计相关。因此,进行民营企业家腐败犯罪防治,必须矫正民众的认识误区,基于制度诱因,用好刑事法治抓手,从观念、立法、司法等方面多管齐下,最终促进我国反腐败实践的协调推进。     

集体腐败的情景预防理论分析

因集体腐败引致损失更大、影响更恶劣、作案更隐蔽使其成为了近期反腐工作中的焦点,集体腐败具有集体腐败主体的潜在性特征、集体腐败行为的被动性特征及集体腐败行为被动性转化的特征,聚焦腐败主体本位是目前集体腐败进行类型划分及其成因探源的主要方式,内因驱动是其主要逻辑起点。然而,忽视外因是这一研究路径的主要局限。情景预防理论为认知和防治集体腐败提供了新的理论视角和实践引导。因此,必须在集体腐败特征、类型及其成因分析的基础上,从削减外在引致环境、强化内在防控机制,切断内外关联三方面入手严惩集体腐败。     

《大清违警律》立法源流探析

租界里丰富的治安法规及良好的实施效果为清末治安模式的转型提供了鲜活的示范,而日本刑法中的＂违警罪＂专编则成为了清末治安立法的参考摹本。伴随着中央最高警政机构民政部的设立,《违警罪章程》仓促登场,却很快就因粗糙简陋被《大清违警律》取而代之。后者的面世则是中国近代治安处罚法规正式形成的标志。