Children’s and parents’ involvement in care order proceedings: a cross-national comparison of judicial decision-makers’ views and experiences

This paper presents the views of judicial decision-makers (n = 1794) in four child protection jurisdictions (England, Finland, Norway, and the USA (California)), about whether parents and children are provided with appropriate opportunities to participate in proceedings in their countries. Overall, the study found a high degree of agreement within and between the countries as regards the important conditions for parents’ and children´s involvement, although the four systems themselves are very different. There was less agreement about children’s involvement than parents’, and the court decision-makers from Norway and Finland were more likely to express doubts about this. Nevertheless, the main message from the judicial decision-makers is that they are relatively satisfied as to how parents’ and children´s involvement is handled in their countries. Whether or not this confidence is justified, the emphasis on achieving effective involvement of children and parents in court proceedings is likely to grow, with major implications for the workers, decision-makers and agencies involved.     

论新时代涉法信访的公众参与

新时代涉法信访处于攻坚阶段,公众参与可以消除不必要的臆测和疑虑,增强信访制度透明度。发挥党群制度优势,拓宽公众参与范围,创新公众参与方式,把信访处理结果和信访人诉求交付公众评判。让公众参与之声取代纠缠闹访杂音,成为涉法信访过程中化解难题的溶解剂。     

私营企业年轻员工参与意识调查

现在私营企业的年轻员工, 并不仅仅是为钱而“打工”。与“赚钱”一样被看重的, 还有钱之外的纯粹属于“精神”范畴的许多东西。这一点使今天的年轻“打工者”显示出某种“内涵”和力量, 也使其在决定“参与”时对企业多了一份责任感。     

和谐模式：社会转型期公民政治参与的目标选择

从目前我国公民政治参与所依存的社会环境及公民政治参与的状况分析，我国还没有形成一种理性的、成熟的公民政治参与模式，而良性的公民政治参与模式是社会主义民主政治发展的推动器。因此，我们要努力构建和谐的公民政治参与模式。     

我国立法听证制度的现状及完善

立法听证制度作为听证的一种形式,已经在我国立法实践中起到了良好的作用。但由于缺乏制度规范,立法听证制度在发展中出现了混乱无序的现象,影响了实际功能的发挥。完善立法听证制度可以有效地促进我国的政治体制改革和民主法制建设。     

德国环保NGO通过环境诉讼参与环境保护的法律制度介评——以环境公益诉讼中的"原告资格"为中心

环保NGO在通过环境诉讼参与环境保护方面有着公民个人所不具备的优势,环境立法发达的国家普遍赋予环保NGO以环境诉讼的"原告资格".德国的环境立法和环境判例也在不同程度上认可了环保NGO的原告资格,但这种原告资格还是受到很大的限制,原告仅能依据自然保护法的规定提起诉讼,环境公益诉讼的原告资格只赋予被官方承认的环保NGO,因而,德国环保NGO通过环境诉讼参与环境保护的途径尚有待拓宽.     

The Effect of Labor Participation on Depressive Symptoms of the Elderly

Under the background of China's active aging policy, the labor participation of the elderly is encouraged. Whether labor participation is more conducive to inhibit the occurrence of depression symptoms of the elderly and promote their mental health is gradually attracting social attention. Based on the data of China's health and elderly care follow-up survey (CHARLS) in 2015, this paper analyzes the influence of labor participation on depressive inhibition of the elderly. The results show that gender, marital status, education and other demographic and social factors have a statistically significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the elderly. Labor participation has a negative impact on the depressive symptoms of the elderly. Compared with non-labor participation, the level of depressive symptoms of the elderly who engaged in labor participation was lower. Labor participation had a different impact on gender diversity, and the impact of labor participation on depressive symptoms of the female was higher than that of the male. Finally, this paper discusses the influence and difference of labor participation on depressive symptoms of the elderly, and points out the problems for further study in the future.     

我国环境影响评价中的公众参与

公众参与是环境影响评价制度的一项重要内容。我国《环境影响评价法》对公众参与做出了较为具体的规定,从而使公众参与更加有法可依。但我国目前环境影响评价中的公众参与现状并不理想,需进一步提高、完善。     

继续扩大公民有序政治参与:发展民主政治的重要选择

继续扩大公民有序政治参与,不仅体现了民主政治建设的时代特征,同时有利于增强党和政府与广大人民群众的血肉联系。但是,我们必须清醒地认识到,公民主体意识孱弱、经济与文化相对落后、政治参与的具体制度不够健全、政治参与的渠道和形式相对单一等是影响当前公民政治参与的主要因素。为此,必须采取有效的措施,保证人民依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理和民主监督。     

Decentralisation and poverty: conceptual framework and application to Uganda

In order to shed further light on the discussion about decentralisation‐poverty linkages in developing countries, this article introduces a conceptual framework for the relationship between decentralisation and poverty. The framework takes the form of an optimal scenario and indicates potential ways for an impact of decentralisation on poverty. Three different but interrelated channels are identified. Decentralisation is considered to affect poverty through providing opportunities for previously excluded people to participate in public decision‐making, through increasing efficiency in the provision of local public services due to an informational advantage of local governments over the central government and through granting autonomy to geographically separable conflict groups and entitling local bodies to resolve local‐level conflicts. Based on the experience with decentralisation in Uganda, it is shown that these channels are often not fully realised in practice. Different reasons are singled out for the Ugandan case, among them low levels of information about local government affairs, limited human capital and financial resources, restricted local autonomy, corruption and patronage, high administrative costs related with decentralisation and low downward accountability. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.