法律职业研究的理论背景

法律职业的兴起是法治深化的一个重要征象。对法律职业的研究必须置于法治研究的大背景下,否则很难认清法律职业的正确地位。法治的发展路径必然是精英治理与大众治理的结合。这是对法治中终极因素——人的因素的正确把握。法律职业、法治政府和公民参与之间的制约与互动是法治建成和稳固所要求的权力格局。法治的历史已经昭示了这样一个现实和图景:英国和美国代表着先发展国家的法治理路,而日本则是后起国家的法治典型。这些国家的法治历史和现状展示了整个人类历史作为改造人在社会治理中的角色和作用方式的历史和竭力维持人类理想的历史。     

私营企业年轻员工参与意识调查

现在私营企业的年轻员工, 并不仅仅是为钱而“打工”。与“赚钱”一样被看重的, 还有钱之外的纯粹属于“精神”范畴的许多东西。这一点使今天的年轻“打工者”显示出某种“内涵”和力量, 也使其在决定“参与”时对企业多了一份责任感。     

市场与论坛:政治理论的三种形态

文章论述了政治理论的三种主要观点:社会选择理论认为政治过程是工具性的,其目标是私人利益的最佳妥协;理性共识理论则表明,政治的目标应该是理性的一致而不是妥协,而且决定性的政治行为是参与公共辩论以达成共识;参与民主理论认为,政治的目标就是转化和教育参与者,政治本身就是目的。     

人民监督员制度研究

人民监督员制度是最高人民检察院为贯彻十六大精神,在当前检察体制改革中推出的又一项重要改革措施,是推进司法体制改革的重要探索。它有利于强化检察机关的外部监督,有利于促进检察机关执法思想、执法观念和执法作风的转变以及维护当事人的合法权益。但是作为一项全新的改革措施,其法理基础,法律根据何在?目前试行中遇到的问题如何分析解决?这些都等待着专家学者和检察实务界的同志去探讨分析。本文即从该制度的理论和现实意义、法理基础方面对其进行分析、透视。最后在此基础上提出若干建议和构想,旨在引起争鸣与讨论,起到为改革拓开思路和出谋划策的作用。     

论民族地区公民基层政治参与传统特征的引导控制

民族地区传统社会调节体系的非制度政治参与在现阶段民族地区公民基层政治参与中有所表现,它有着较强的历史沿袭性,正面效应与负面效应并存,执政党及政府要通过对民族地区公民基层政治参与合理有效的引导控制,促使其向体现民主法制的自治体系转化。     

Children’s and parents’ involvement in care order proceedings: a cross-national comparison of judicial decision-makers’ views and experiences

This paper presents the views of judicial decision-makers (n = 1794) in four child protection jurisdictions (England, Finland, Norway, and the USA (California)), about whether parents and children are provided with appropriate opportunities to participate in proceedings in their countries. Overall, the study found a high degree of agreement within and between the countries as regards the important conditions for parents’ and children´s involvement, although the four systems themselves are very different. There was less agreement about children’s involvement than parents’, and the court decision-makers from Norway and Finland were more likely to express doubts about this. Nevertheless, the main message from the judicial decision-makers is that they are relatively satisfied as to how parents’ and children´s involvement is handled in their countries. Whether or not this confidence is justified, the emphasis on achieving effective involvement of children and parents in court proceedings is likely to grow, with major implications for the workers, decision-makers and agencies involved.     

论新时代涉法信访的公众参与

新时代涉法信访处于攻坚阶段,公众参与可以消除不必要的臆测和疑虑,增强信访制度透明度。发挥党群制度优势,拓宽公众参与范围,创新公众参与方式,把信访处理结果和信访人诉求交付公众评判。让公众参与之声取代纠缠闹访杂音,成为涉法信访过程中化解难题的溶解剂。     

A GOOD EXAMPLE OF PARENT ADVOCACY FOR RIGHTS IN INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN CHINA

While children with disabilities experience exclusion and segregation in education, parents’ involvement has been very limited due to the lack of parent support in China. Negative attitudes toward disability in an environment deeply influenced by the individual model of disability thinking makes it crucial for parents to advocate for their children’s rights in inclusive education through collaborative and organized efforts. This article examines barriers obstructing disabled children’s rights in pursuing inclusive education, barriers parents face to advocate for their children, and the development of parent support. The author argues that equal and inclusive education for all has a broader social impact beyond disability rights to eliminate barriers and pursue dignity for all. In doing so, the author reveals existing structural inequalities facing inclusive education, encourages the momentum for future changes, and utilizes a good example of parent advocacy for a deeper and meaningful policy advancement to overcome discrimination on the basis of disability that causes segregation and exclusion in education. Recommendations include strategies for the construction of a support network for parents to play their important roles in advancing the rights of their disabled children in inclusive education.     

公民政策参与研究中的若干基本问题初探

公民政策参与是公民通过合法途径,以政策参与者的身份直接参与公共政策过程的行为。公民与公共政策的关系实质上是利益关系,根据这种利益关系可以对参与公共政策过程中的公民做出界分。公民政策参与实践中的问题在一定程度上是政治现实的反映,只有将公共政策体制和制度作为重要变量纳入分析视野,才能推动公民政策参与研究走向深入。     

The relationship between political attitudes and political participation: Evidence from monozygotic twins in the United States,Sweden, Germany,and Denmark

Many studies have shown that political efficacy, interest in politics, and political knowledge are strongly related to political participation. In most analyses, these variables are described as having a causal effect on participation. In this paper, we examine the extent to which the relationship between political attitudes and participation is confounded by familial factors. By using the discordant twin design, which relates within-pair differences in political attitudes to within-pair differences in political participation, we are able to examine the relationship net of confounding factors rooted in genes and the early rearing environment. Using four samples of monozygotic twins from the United States, Sweden, Germany, and Denmark, we find that the relationship between political attitudes and political participation is confounded to a large extent. This study makes an important contribution to the literature on political attitudes and political participation given the longstanding idea that attitudes cause political participation. Our findings also have practical implications for those interested in elevating levels of political participation. In addition, they have important implications for how scholars theorize about, model, and examine political participation in the future.