Drug Abuse and Partner Violence among Women in Methadone Treatment

This study aims to (1) describe rates of lifetime and current partner abuse among women on methadone; (2) examine the relationship between partner violence and demographics, substance abuse, and drug risk behaviors; and (3) explore the association between a victim's current use of crack/cocaine, heroin, marijuana, and drug risk behavior after controlling for demographics, household composition, history of victimization and sex trading. Approximately three-fourths of the women ever experienced physical, sexual, or life-threatening abuse and slightly less than one-third experienced at least one type of abuse during the previous year. A history of childhood victimization was reported by more than half of the women and one-third witnessed her mother being abused. Risk of partner violence was associated with victim's current drug and alcohol use, visiting shooting galleries, and living with someone with drug or alcohol problems. The study discusses the implications of the findings for research and intervention.     

论股份有限公司制度在清末民初的演进

股份有限公司是一种企业组织形式,又是一种现代企业制度,两是有机统一、不能割裂的。股份有限公司这种企业组织形式自１８７２年引入中国后,与应有的现代企业制度割裂开来,先受洋务派的控制被扭曲为“官督商办制”,后被社会名流用于“救国之策”,直到五四时期中国发展的黄金岁月,才具备现代企业制度的诸机制,开始推动的持续发展。     

The necessity of the implementation of Privacy by Design in sectors where data protection concerns arise

This article examines the extent to which Privacy by Design can safeguard privacy and personal data within a rapidly evolving society. This paper will first briefly explain the theoretical concept and the general principles of Privacy by Design, as laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation. Then, by indicating specific examples of the implementation of the Privacy by Design approach, it will be demonstrated why the implementation of Privacy by Design is a necessity in a number of sectors where specific data protection concerns arise (biometrics, e-health and video-surveillance) and how it can be implemented.     

小康社会:一种新的发展范式

全面小康发展范式理论对中国在21世纪相当长一段时间的发展之路的整体设计,主要体现在科学认识国情基础上发展阶段的新定位、检视中国发展实践基础上发展目标的新规制、总体把握世界和中国现代化实际基础上发展模式的新探索。这一设计不仅对中国,对后发国家,具有广泛的普适性,即使对世界现代化运动也将产生极为深远的影响。     

刑讯逼供的成因及对策

刑讯逼供不仅侵犯人权 ,而且妨碍准确及时的打击犯罪 ,危害很大。由于种种原因 ,刑讯逼供仍大量存在 ,必须采取切实有效的措施 ,预防并减少刑讯逼供的发生。     

谈国民待遇原则与外国人在华的法律援助

2 0 0 3年 9月 1日施行的《法律援助条例》是我国走向文明与法治社会的重要一步 ,但该条例对在华外国人是否适用法律援助没有明确规定 ,笔者从WTO的国民待遇原则以及其他法律的有关原则和规定 ,谈该条例对在华外国人有条件适用的问题。     

现代传媒与监狱文化建设

现代传媒的充分利用是推动监狱文化建设的重要手段,对这一课题进行深入的理性思考和规范设计具有重要意义。社会与时代的发展要求我们对监狱文化进行全面的创新与提升,充分利用现代传媒的力量推动监狱文化的创新与提升可以收到事半功倍的效果。我们可以利用现代传媒改变监狱人民警察信息不对称现状,更新观念,拓展视野,倡导和贯彻科学精神;发挥现代媒体的开发功能,利用现代媒体宣介监狱,树立监狱良好的社会公众形象;利用现代传媒吸引和调动社会资源为监狱工作服务;利用现代传媒搭建监狱工作的信息平台;利用现代传媒扩大对外交流。     

The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI): Treatment Scales and Interpersonal Characteristics in a Sample of Men Charged with or Convicted of a Sexual Offense*

An individual's interpersonal features are pertinent to treatment within clinical populations. The Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) contains two scales that assess the interpersonal features of warmth (WRM) and dominance (DOM), as well as two additional measures to assess to treatment prediction, process, and rejection (RXR; TPI). The current study examined associations between these PAI scales in a sample of 92 men who underwent comprehensive evaluations of sexual behavior after being charged with or convicted of a sexual offense. Analyses indicated that RXR was positively associated with WRM and DOM, TPI was negatively associated with WRM, and the two interpersonal scales of WRM and DOM were positively correlated with each other. A significant inverse relationship was found between the two treatment scales RXR and TPI indicating that motivation for treatment may have a limited relationship with the treatment process. WRM significantly predicted scores on the TPI, and both WRM and DOM predicted individual scores on RXR. Higher scores on positive impression management (PIM) were predictive of lower TPI and higher RXR, as individuals with higher stakes cases may score higher on PIM and underreport obstacles within treatment or be unwilling to accept the need for treatment. Overall, findings suggest that interpersonal characteristics identified by the PAI scales may be advantageous in approaching treatment within this population.     

Sustained Outcomes? an Exploratory Study of Juvenile Drug Courts and Long-Term Recidivism

This exploratory study examined juvenile drug courts’ effect on adulthood recidivism. Utilizing a twelve-year average follow up time, adult recidivism rates were compared between previous juvenile drug court participants and a comparison group of juveniles who participated in traditional probation. Linear regression models indicated limited recidivism effects of drug court on arrests or convictions into adulthood. The findings suggest that gender and race may play a role in how justice-involved juveniles interact and experience juvenile drug court, highlighting the need for gender-responsive and culturally responsive policies, practices, and programs within juvenile drug courts. Recommendations are made regarding future research areas and ways to potentially improve long-term juvenile drug court outcomes.     

新冠肺炎尸检:法医工作者面临的挑战与对策

新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")病例于2019年12月出现,疫情在短时间内蔓延,已导致数千名患者死亡。目前我们对新冠肺炎的致病、转归、致死的病理学机制了解甚少,尽早开展新冠肺炎死亡病例的尸体检验尤为重要,这给法医工作者带来了挑战。新冠肺炎尸检应在可以维持负压的独立解剖室进行,检验人员应严格按照三级防护标准穿戴防护用具,注重环境、器械、耗材的消毒以及废液废弃物处理。解剖及检验过程应规范、谨慎,尽量减少切割操作,并避免体液流出或组织飞溅导致病毒传播。本文将就法医工作者面临新冠肺炎尸检的挑战与对策做一述评。