Types of crimes committed by repeat DUI offenders

This study investigates whether repeat driving under the influence (DUI) offenders have more extensive histories of violent, property, and drug crimes than first-time drunk drivers. It also offers an exploratory investigation into the extent of their criminal specialization. Negative binomial regression was performed on arrest and criminal history data from a systematic random sample of 429 DUI arrestees. Analyses controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and employment found that being a repeat DUI offender increased the total number of violent and property convictions (regardless of severity) and petty misdemeanor/violation property convictions. The results suggest DUI recidivists are generalists rather than specialists and that impaired driving is best viewed as just one manifestation of a host of deviant behaviors. They also illustrate the challenges of rehabilitating and deterring DUI recidivists and the potential differences between first-time and repeat DUI offenders. The findings should not be interpreted as support of enforcement or deterrent DUI policies that focus on repeat offenders, as limited resources are most efficiently directed at the general population of impaired drivers.     

增设单位盗窃罪的立法思考

单位盗窃行为在现实生活中经常发生,严重危害社会秩序.针对司法实践中要么把单位盗窃行为不作犯罪处理,要么把单位盗窃作为自然人盗窃罪处理所存在的弊端,笔者建议,我国刑法应尽早增设单位盗窃罪.单位盗窃罪的主要特征是:构成单位盗窃罪的起点要高于自然人盗窃罪,单位盗窃罪的处罚应实行双罚制.     

Characteristics of male patients admitted to an adolescent secure forensic psychiatric hospital

This paper examines the characteristics of a group of 64 young men, who were consecutively admitted to Bluebird House, an NHS mixed gender, adolescent forensic, medium secure hospital. The characteristics examined focus on the young men’s clinical presentations, as informed by the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory, and their ICD10 (WHO 1992) diagnoses. The paper also examines the males’ route into, and out of, Bluebird House, as well as their risk profiles, especially with regards to others, as informed by Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth findings and staff recorded incidents. Correlational analysis is performed to try and understand this population, with statistically significant findings highlighted. The discussion considers the trajectory for some of these young men into adult personality disorders, their presentation and prognosis compared to their female counterparts, and how their presentation contrasts with adult male forensic populations.     

重婚罪：自诉抑或公诉

在我国,重婚属于自诉案件中被害人有证据证明的轻微刑事案件,既可以由被害人等告诉权主体提起自诉,也可由司法机关依照法定职责主动介入从而启动公诉程序。立法显然的隐含立场是以自诉为主,公诉为辅。这种诉权模式可以较好地避免刑法的负面效应,节约刑罚资源,同时又能有效解决纠纷而获得最大的社会效益,符合刑法的谦抑性要求。将重婚罪直接纳入公诉范围并不能解决该类案件取证难的问题。为有效消解重婚犯罪追究中的不利因素,应当在完善重婚罪实体法规定的基础上,降低自诉标准,实行律师强制代理制度,将刑事和解与调解机制延伸到重婚公诉案件中,并引入暂缓起诉制度。     

公共危险犯的未完成形态

公共危险形成之前,可能构成公共危险犯的预备.公共危险形成后,严重后果产生之前,可以看成只是产生了一种作为未遂的危险.因此,行为人及时采取措施防止危险避免实害的,成立犯罪中止.对于放火罪,形成独立燃烧状态,只是表明未遂危险的形成,在严重灾害发生之前,仍有成立犯罪中止的可能.     

Does price really converge among provinces in Canada？ A study using unit root tests for cross-sectional panels

This paper examines price convergences across different provinces in Canada using 1983-2006 data. We adopt the new panel unit root tests for analysis that can correct for cross-sectional correlation. Our findings are contrary to previous studies and we conclude that intra-national price convergence does not occur. We also briefly discuss the reasons for the absence of convergence within Canada.     

Differences between Homicides Committed by Lone and Multiple Offenders in Korea

The aim of this study was to differentiate between homicides committed by multiple offenders and homicides committed by lone offenders. Using data on homicide incidents that occurred in South Korea between 1985 and 2008, we compared 134 homicides committed by multiple offenders, with 369 homicides committed by lone offenders. A greater proportion of homicides committed by multiple offenders involved injuries to the victim's head compared to homicides by lone offenders. Homicides committed by multiple offenders were more likely to involve blunt instruments and ligatures, whereas homicides by lone offenders were more likely to involve sharp instruments. In addition, a majority of the homicides committed by multiple offenders were planned. The results of this study have practical implications for homicide investigations, as well as theoretical implications for homicide research on the difference in offense behaviors based on the number of offenders.     

论确认和追究国家国际犯罪责任制度的可能性

由平等主体组成的国际社会和以国家间关系为主要调整对象的国际法并非不能产生确认国家的国际犯罪及其责任的制度,我们应该从国际法的角度理解国家的国际犯罪及其责任制度,在研究国家的国际犯罪责任时,注意区分国家的国际犯罪责任与国际侵权行为责任异同.     

国家、企业、职工之间关系的社会转向--家族企业职工参与的案例研究

这是一项家族企业职工参与的案例研究.在案例企业,职工参与的内容具有传统阶级矛盾的性质,形式却是从国有企业移植的.这种"非同步"现象,产生的是良性的社会后果.这是国家、企业、职工之间关系的社会转向.对这种现象的描述和解释,以往适用的理论已经不可能适用,而社会功能的理论、资本社会转向的理论却是适用的.     

论单位人格否认之法理

单位人格否认法理,是指对于缺乏独立人格的单位所实施的犯罪,否认该单位具有单位犯罪主体的人格,进而直接追究单位背后操纵犯罪的自然人或者其他单位的刑事责任。单位人格否认论,以单位人格的二元构造和间接正犯的理论为基础,其适用范围包括单位缺乏合法身份、缺乏犯罪能力和缺乏刑罚适应能力的场合。幕后操纵者是自然人的,以自然人犯罪处罚;幕后操纵者是有独立人格的单位的,以单位犯罪处罚。