非正规的“正规化”:劳动力市场分割与家政服务企业——基于2019年四个城市的家政工人调查

在非正规就业盛行的家政市场,家政服务企业的重要性日益凸显,亟待考察这些劳动力市场中介机构的就业效果。通过分析2019年四个城市的家政工人调查数据,发现家政服务企业的发展可能会影响家政业内不同工种的收入差距,改变非正规就业市场的原有结构。伴随管理者企业的介入,家务员收入大幅提升,母婴护理员和家庭保洁员的收入则出现下降。家政企业对工人收入的改善和工作正规化的促进作用是有限的。本文不仅呈现了家政就业市场内部的异质性,为家政工作的正规化讨论提供中国经验数据,还指出劳动力市场中介机构在以女性为主的非正规就业市场上的特殊性,具有一定政策意义。     

建构亲密与控制情绪:幼儿教师的情感劳动研究--以北京市3所幼儿园的田野调查为例

儿童抚育从家庭领域走向公共领域,由此诞生了照料和教育儿童的专门职业--幼儿教师。本研究关注幼儿教师职业群体,基于田野调查与访谈,从情感劳动理论视角对其劳动过程进行研究。研究发现,幼儿教师的情感规则包括两方面:一方面,作为照料者,他们被期待付出"像妈妈一样的爱",与幼儿建立起亲密情感联结,并对其进行无微不至的照顾;另一方面,作为教育者,他们需要遵循"温柔而坚定"的情感规则,管理负面情绪的表达,并选择合适的互动方式实现教育目的。本文还讨论了幼儿教师在情感劳动的实践中面临的不同情境以及应对策略,包括工作环境的压力与限制、教师与家长之间部分理念与行为相互冲突背后隐含的期待,分析了园所类型可能对幼儿教师情感劳动产生的影响。     

完善我国新型劳动法律体系架构研究

我国现行劳动法律体系存在着形式上和内容上的缺陷。因此 ,应在探析其价值内核的基础上 ,建立和完善新型的劳动法律体系。该体系应包括 :劳动力市场主体法、劳动力市场秩序维护法、劳动宏观调控法、劳动监督检查法、社会保险法和劳动争议处理法。     

Beyond Rainforests: Urbanisation and Emigration among Lowland Indigenous Societies in Latin America

Indigenous societies across lowland Latin America have recently made impressive political and territorial gains by emphasising their stewardship of and attachment to particular rural landscapes. But surprising new censal and microdemographic evidence shows that these groups have simultaneously been developing a presence in domestic and foreign metropolises. Cities offer employment and advanced education opportunities as well as escape from rural conflicts. We suggest that the dynamics and outcomes of these migrations are distinct from those of other rural Latin Americans. By outlining specific areas in which migration, politics, and territory appear to be interlinked, we seek to stimulate research that engages with these processes and their implications for indigenous advocacy and migration theory.     

行政立法与人权保障——兼以行政许可和劳动教养为例分析

行政立法应当以保障和不侵犯人权来证成自己道义上的正当性。为了保障人权,必须对行政立法的权限和目标进行控制。行政立法不得限制基本人权,对非基本人权的限制也要程度适当。行政立法限制公民的权利、增加公民的义务必须有法律的授权。行政立法必须制约行政权力、保障行政相对人权利。在行政许可的设定上必须贯彻法律保留原则,劳动教养制度应当废除。     

Stories as Lived Experience: Narratives in Forced Migration Research

Stories are part of everyday life and constitute means for actorsto express and negotiate experience. For researchers, they providea site to examine the meanings people, individually or collectively,ascribe to lived experience. Narratives are not transparentrenditions of ‘truth’ but reflect a dynamic interplaybetween life, experience and story. Placed in their wider socio-politicaland cultural contexts, stories can provide insights into howforced migrants seek to make sense of displacement and violence,re-establish identity in ruptured life courses and communities,or bear witness to violence and repression. The researcher mustpay particular attention to his/her own role in the productionof narrative data and the representation of lived experienceas text.     

The evolution of European legal integration

This article contributes to the development of theories on European integration by testing and exploring statistical models on the long-term development of legislative activity of the European Commission. Drawing on legal information gained from the European Union’s PreLex database and analyzing it with the help of statistical analyses, we map out growth patterns of EU law between 1976 and 2003. We construct time-series models and models based on non-linear regression. While the performance of models based on the traditional theoretical approaches, intergovernmentalism and neo-functionalism, is rather poor, the analysis suggests that nonlinear dynamic models might be an interesting avenue for future conceptualizations of the EU integration process. This article is based on a paper presented at the ECPR Standing Group on the European Union Second Pan-European Conference on EU Politics, “Implications of a Wider Europe: Politics, Institutions and Diversity”, 24–26 June 2004, Bologna, Italy. We would like to thank the seminar participants for useful comments.     

论欧盟法对欧盟成员国的效力

作为目前世界上最成熟和最发达的区域性国际组织,欧盟在很多方面有值得其他国际组织借鉴的地方。本文主要探讨了欧盟法对欧盟成员国的效力的问题。其中包括了欧盟法对欧盟成员国的时间效力范围和空间效力范围、欧盟法的效力优于欧盟成员国国内法、欧盟法在欧盟成员国的直接效力和间接效力以及欧盟法律与欧盟成员国法律之间的配合关系效力,以希望从中可以引出一些有益的启示。     

中国在消除对妇女的暴力方面所面临的新挑战--对女童和青年妇女以劳动剥削为目的的拐卖

人口拐卖是1995年第四次世界妇女大会以来国际社会所关注的重要的性别平等问题,是消除对妇女的暴力方面所面临的新挑战。人口盲目流动造成被拐卖的风险,以各种形式的劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的拐卖问题正在中国逐渐增多,女童和青年妇女的多重脆弱性,使她们成为以劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的的拐卖的最大的受害者。本文针对既往在人口拐卖问题上的政策空白和认识盲区,结合对女童和女青年的多重脆弱性的分析,提出综合性的防止以劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的的拐卖的政策建议。     

劳动教养立法涉及的主要问题再研究

对劳动教养立法涉及的劳动教养对象、性质、期限、适用程序、法律名称和与此紧密相关的法律协调等主要问题进行研究。