贵州黔东南苗族聚落仪式与公共空间研究

位于黔东南山地地区的苗族聚落因其特殊的地貌形态和文化渊源,形成了各类与平原聚落不同的、极具特色的公共空间。论文通过文献研究与实地走访调查,总结黔东南苗族聚落中的公共空间类型与特色,并探究其由内在的文化联系而形成的序列结构。黔东南苗族聚落的公共空间可分为生产空间、交通空间和仪式空间三类,其中仪式空间最具特色。黔东南苗族聚落的公共空间布局灵活自由,形态因地制宜;各类公共空间为鼓藏节、招龙节等重要仪式活动提供场所,作为历史的象征连通古今;模拟历史演变的仪式活动串联起各类公共空间,形成连通村落内外、村落之间的公共空间序列,对民族文化的传承和构建起到积极作用。     

条约在国内适用的若干问题探讨

本文认为凡涉及到私人权利义务等事项的条约,都将会产生国内适用的问题。转化和纳入各有优劣,应视条约的不同而相应采用。至于在国内法中解决条约与国内法的冲突,则完全取决于各国法律的具体规定,条约在国内法上并非处于绝对优先的地位。就中国而言,转化已经成为我国适用条约的主要方式,而在处理条约与国内法冲突时,所采取的是条约优先的原则。     

构建和谐社会要努力搞好社会保障工作

构建和谐社会,需要搞好社会保障工作。共产党对构建和谐社会与搞好社会保障工作进行了理论探索,我们研究社会保障工作实践中的问题,提出解决问题的思路、对策,有助于构建和谐社会。     

经济结构调整应把握的几个要点

经济结构战略性调整是我国本世纪头 2 0年的主线 ,要抓住这根主线 ,就要把经济结构战略性调整与加入WTO、进一步融入国际社会结合起来 ,与迎接经济全球化和信息化挑战结合起来 ,充分发挥好比较优势和后发优势 ,并立足于人力资源开发这个关键 ,以谋求 2 1世纪我国经济的持续快速健康发展。     

Seeing the improvement of the criminal trial structure from China’s criminal courtroom arrangements (tribunal design)

The setting of criminal court has become an important representation of the criminal trial structure due to its visual and vivid reflection of the legal position and relations among the three parties of litigation, i.e. the prosecuting party, the advocating party and the judge. As a result of the influence of ancient “inquest” centered trial mode, lack of the defendant’s right to silence and incomplete revolution of the criminal trial mode, the existing criminal court setting features an umbrella shaped structure. To reform the criminal trial structure in China, we should eliminate the air of “inquest” from the existing court interrogation mode, strengthen the hearing of evidence and set up a equiangular triangle shaped trial structure of neutral trial, equality between the prosecuting and advocating parties and litigant oriented. __________ Translated from the Jurist Review, 2005, (2) (in Chinese)     

Fundamental principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights and the applications

Legal principle, which underlies the value of the legal system, is supposed to be the origin and basis of concrete legal rules. It has also resulted from abstracting and summarizing the value and spirit of these legal rules. In light of the universality and hierarchy of legal principle, the principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights (IPR) can be divided into the following two types: one is the fundamental principles applied to the what, why and how a legal system shall be constructed, such as principles of sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit, joint development, and international cooperation, which also can be expressed as the principles of sovereignty, international coordination and cooperation, fairness and justice. The other type includes those existing in the legal system and capable of being applied directly, such as the principle of national treatment, principle of minimum standard, principle of independence (for industrial property right), principle of independent protection (for copyright), principle of compulsory implementing patent (for patent right) and doctrine of priority (for industrial property right), etc. In my opinion, the principles of the international protection system of IPR shall follow the latter model, indicating that they shall be provided and written in the international conventions on the grounds that they can be applied directly, and that they can be universally applied to the whole international protection system of IPR instead of exclusive application to one certain system. Hereupon, the author believes that principles concerning the international protection system of IPR should include the principles of national treatment, minimum protection standard and public interest.     

精神世界结构探析

建设和丰富人们的精神世界是一项具有深远战略意义的任务和目标。精神世界是人所特有的一个极其复杂的世界,当然是由物质世界决定的,但作为一个相对独立的世界,有其特殊的规律和建设方式。对此,要加强研究和认识,分析精神世界结构,掌握其形成、发展变化的规律和特点。本文把人们的精神世界相对区分为三个层面,并对这三个层面的相互关系作了初步分析和探讨,指出了问题所在及寻找解决问题的思路和途径。     

宋代公文繁荣原因初探

宋代公无论从数量、名篇还是从作队伍来讲，都达到了登峰造极的地步，对后代产生了深远的影响。宋代公的繁荣，与其崇抑武的国策和科举考试内容的改变、科举考试取士数量的增加密切相关；同时，与人士大夫的精神和整个社会思潮的嬗变也密切相关。北宋和南宋长期存在的竞争和派系斗争，使人以论事的现象非常普遍。这对以化事、长于说理、重实轻虎的公风格的形成和对公的繁荣和发展也是不可忽视的原因。     

论我国立法监督机制的完善

立法监督是一国立法工作中不可缺少的一个重要方面 ,也是完善一国法律体系的一项重要内容。如何建立和完善具有中国特色的立法监督机制 ,一直是我国法学界同仁们探索的一个理论与实践问题。文章在揭示我国目前立法监督机制缺陷的基础上 ,提出了由全国政协作为专门立法监督机构和建立立法听证的审查制和立法听证制度的主张。     

社会活力问题研究

考察社会活力一般会涉及三个基本要素,即经济要素、社会制度要素和精神文化要素。社会活力有两个来源:一是根本来源,二是直接来源。社会活力的根本来源源于生产力和生产关系之间关系的合理性。直接来源源于社会制度的先进性、社会运行体制的合理性、社会运行机制的多样性。激发社会活力是社会主义制度的特征之一,充分体现了社会主义制度的根本属性。