关于构建我国专利实施权转让制度的若干思考

我国专利法对专利实施权分许可限制性的规定不能适应日益频繁的技术贸易。随着专利实施权资本化进一步发展，专利实施权转让成为专利实施利用制度的重要组成部分。鉴于我国法律在专利权转让制度的缺失，本文结合我国专利实施权转让现状与要求，对我国构建专利实施权转让制度进行了分析探讨。     

创新与中国专利文化

专利制度已经在中国实施多年,随着《国家知识产权战略》的颁布和执行,建设创新型国家已经成为转变我国社会发展和经济增长的关键。从创新与专利的关系出发,讨论专利文化、专利价值和专利品质之间的辩证关系,提出建设中国专利文化的可能性和必要性,探讨了我国现行专利数量累积过程中出现的问题对我国专利文化、专利价值、以及专利品质带来的影响,并对可能解决该问题的方案进行了初步探讨。     

浅析产业政策制定中专利情报的作用及问题

随着我国经济的快速发展,专利分析及其所产生的专利情报对产业政策制定的支撑作用逐渐凸显。在发达国家专利情报已经成为重要的决策依据,而我国这方面工作仍有很大的进步空间。本文分析了专利情报的自身特点及对产业政策制定的主要支撑方向等,明确了通过专利分析得到的专利情报对产业政策制定的重要作用。并进一步结合目前我国专利分析工作的现状,剖析问题,针对提高我国专利分析及在产业政策制定中专利情报的利用能力等方面提出切实可行的建议。     

政府专利资助政策协同研究

针对我国各级政府专利资助政策的现状,提出了加强宏观政策指导、明确专利质量标准、建立专利资助信息交换系统的我国各级政府专利资助政策协同运行的思路,建议实施阶段分解、比例配套、重点突出、效能协同的具体资助方案,以改善我国专利结构、提高资助效率,有效发挥专利资助政策对我国专利事业发展的促进作用.     

从美国法例看专利联营的反垄断法规制

本文系统介绍了专利联营的概念、类型及形成原因,从反垄断法的角度分析了专利联营所带来的促进竞争和反竞争的结果,考察了美国专利联营规制的历史发展过程及几个典型案例,分析了专利联营的理论和实践,以期对我国的理论和实践提供借鉴。     

我国银行专利实施的基础与对策

随着信息技术的发展和渗透,一些发达国家已将商业方法纳入法律保护的范围,银行相关产品和服务具有了成为专利的可能性。我国加入WTO之后,银行业的竞争日益激烈,作为推动金融创新的一种有效手段,银行专利的出现成为了一种必然趋势。自1985年银行专利在国内申请以来,我国的银行专利具有了一定的发展基础,但仍需进一步完善。     

商业银行专利战略初论——“金融创新与知识产权”专题研究之一

金融创新为金融大动脉--商业银行的发展提供了不竭动力,而此间的专利战略则是商业银行赖以保障金融创新的法律利器.本文从商业银行专利战略的理论探讨出发,对商业银行的专利战略与普通企业专利战略进行比较,及对中外商业银行实施专利战略现状比较分析,凸现我国商业银行专利战略方面的不足,并进一步对具体商业银行专利战略战术的个案剖析,以试图构建我国商业银行专利战略体系.     

我国计算机软件专利保护制度的问题研究

随着计算机软件在世界范围内的迅速发展,特别是软件产业发展到一定阶段后,计算机软件的专利保护模式成了世界各国软件业发展的必然选择。我国软件产业起步较晚,探索和完善符合国情的计算机软件专利保护体系是目前亟待解决的问题。从计算机软件的专利保护制度方面着手,介绍了我国计算机软件的专利保护范畴,并分析了采用专利模式对计算机软件进行保护的特点及我国计算机软件专利保护模式存在的问题。     

中外专利代理制度发展比较研究

专利代理制度在专利事业的发展中起着重要作用,本文结合我国专利代理制度的现状、特点和发展中遇到的问题,从中外专利代理制度的产生及立法情况,中外专利代理机构、人员设立及准入条件,中外专利机构业务拓展、现行运作和管理方式三个方面作了较为深入的比较研究,为政府、协会及有关部门制订政策,加强对专利代理机构和专利代理人的管理和服务提供依据。     

中美药品上市审批过程中的专利链接问题研究

目的：为我国药品专利链接制度的发展与完善提供启示与借鉴。方法：运用案例分析、法条分析、经济分析及国内外法律制度比较分析等论证方法,剖析我国专利链接制度。结果与结论：根据我国医药产业发展水平和国民对药品可及性的实际需求,分阶段推行我国药品专利链接制度。     

Drugs in injured drivers in Denmark

As part of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL) under the European Commission's Transport RTD Programme of the 5th Framework Programme [I.M. Bernhoft, Drugs in accidents involved drivers in Denmark, D-R4.3 of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods Of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL), www.immortal.or.at, 2005], a study regarding drugs in accident-involved drivers was carried out in Denmark. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to collect and analyse samples from injured drivers for the presence of drugs; (2) to give an indication whether drugs may have contributed to traffic accidents; and (3) to get information on the drug-positive drivers and their drug use. This paper focuses on objective 1. Injured drivers who were treated in hospital were asked to give a saliva sample, a blood sample or both. The samples were screened for the following substances: opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, incl. MDMA (ecstasy), cannabinoids and metabolites, cocaine and metabolites and benzodiazepines. Screenings were carried out by means of Cozart Microplate EIA kit. Positive screenings were confirmation analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In total, 26 out of 330 patients were confirmed positive for one or more of the six drug groups. However, three patients were excluded from the survey for various reasons. Of the remaining 23 drug-positive patients 15 were found positive for one drug group, and in five of these cases alcohol was present in a concentration over the legal limit in Denmark (0.05%). The other eight patients were found positive for two drug groups, and in four of these cases, alcohol was also present in a concentration over the legal limit. Alcohol was found both in combinations with medicinal drugs, with illegal drugs and with both. Based on the saliva or blood concentrations, we estimate that there is a strong suspicion of impairment in 9 out of 23 cases, and in another six cases it was likely that the drivers were impaired.     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

Competence in caring in legal practice

This article is concerned with the stories of female solicitors working in Queensland, Australia, and their account of ethics in practice. These narratives were sought and made in the context of our project investigating complaints received against practitioners in this jurisdiction. Our interviews with female lawyers were intended to provide more insight into complaints matters. Yet this discussion revealed broader insights into ethical questions about the nature of lawyer–client relationships and legal professionalism. This article considers these accounts by reflecting on the concept of ‘care’ and its fit with legal practice requirements today. In doing so, we consider the difficult gendered question of the relationship between caring and ‘women's’ practice. We do not assert a true woman's working style; we seek to contextualise our empirical research by tracing the complex effect of gender on lawyering roles. Finally, we suggest that the adoption of caring practice is a valid approach to lawyering and call for a caring approach to be re-valued in the legal professional context as an ethical proposition.