中美人权较量中非洲对中国的支持

美国出于“遏制中国”的需要在联合国人权会上向中国发动人权攻势，但连续遭到失败。非洲国家是支持中国的中坚力量，没有非洲的大力支持，中国难以取得连挫反华提案的胜利。非洲在人权会上坚定支持中国体现了中非友谊的牢固。从人权会上的斗争可以看出，中国要在国际上维护自己的利益，必须田结非洲这一支重要的力量。     

非盟地区组织的新议程：反“非宪制更迭”

自从90年代以来，非洲的民主化进程进入了“快车道”，在非绫／非盟的积极推动下，民主、人权、法治这些规范在非洲国家的政治话语体系中已经获得了高度的认同和普遍的合法性，而如何促进这些规范的真正践行是摆在非盟面前的重大历史课题。非盟在实践中采取了哪些措施，其效果如何，本文将以政权更迭的规范原则为例，对非盟的努力与挑战做出分析。     

对非洲联盟在苏丹和平进程中作用的再认识

非盟对非洲特殊环境下的战争与和平、主权与人权关系缺乏一定的独立判断,成为最终制约它对成员国主权和领土完整加以有效保护的更大障碍。尽快推动形成全面真实地反映非洲特殊性的系统价值观,将成为非盟建构非洲集体安全的关键性环节。     

国际人权问题及其在发展中国家的实践

人权问题是当代国际社会的一个重大问题。战后，发展中国家根据自身的国情和利益需要，赋予人权以新的内容，形成了与西方国家人权观不同的特点，而赋予人权生存权与发展权的内涵，是发展中国家实践人权的根本所在。作为发展中国家，中国政府一贯重视人权，维护和实行社会主义人权。中国坚持尊重主权与不干涉内政的国际法的基本原则，积极谋求现代国际人权的实现     

非洲人权与民族权法院述评

2006年7月,非洲人权法院正式成立。它是在特定背景下成立的,经历了艰难而曲折的历程。与欧洲人权法院和美洲人权法院相比,非洲人权法院既有其共性,又有其特性。非洲人权法院享有诉讼管辖权和咨询管辖权,可以适用所有相关的国际人权条约,在法官组成上注重女性比例和对所涉国家时的回避制度。新成立的非洲人权法院能否成功履行其预定职能,主要取决于非洲人权法院受到非洲国家的支持程度,以及非洲人权法院自身如何运作。     

人权发展与中国国家软实力建设

软实力是国家形象塑造与竞争的基础，国家形象与软实力之间是一种相互影响、相互 作用的互构关系。人权是国家权力的源泉，人权为具体的国家制度创新奠定了价值基础并指出了发 展方向，是国家软实力的内核。人权发展在经济发展、文化吸引力、国家形象塑造、国际议程设置、媒 介传播效应、行为合法性等方面推动软实力提升。对中国来说，在人权软实力建设方面要想“有所作 为”，走向世界，必须凸显“以人为本”的核心价值观，加强与国际社会包括人权交流在内的各个层面 的合作     

论非洲艾滋病人的人权保护

非洲的艾滋病人占全世界艾滋病人总数的70 %以上。艾滋病的蔓延导致非洲国家经济发展的滞后。关注非洲艾滋病人的人权保护,对抑制艾滋病在非洲的进一步蔓延具有重要意义。非洲国家,特别是南非和乌干达采取有力措施,保护艾滋病人的人权,抑制艾滋病的进一步蔓延,不但完善国内有关立法,注重妇女、儿童权利的保护,而且借助国际社会的力量,不断加强对艾滋病的防治。但就非洲整体情况而言,诸多国家仍普遍存在对艾滋病人的歧视和不平等待遇,以及妇女、儿童的权利经常遭到侵犯等违反人权保护的现象。为此,非洲国家有必要不断提高人权保护意识,建立和完善人权保护的国内法律制度,振兴国民经济,以切实保护艾滋病人的人权,有效抑制艾滋病的蔓延     

亚洲区域性人权机制:理念与构建

本文从归属认同、利益依赖、救济便利等方面,对区域性人权机制与联合国人权机制进行了比较。文章认为,亚洲区域性人权机制缺乏实质性制度安排,其根源在于政治、经济、历史、文化差异的障碍,冷战的消极影响,跨区域组织的“离心力”,次区域组织的“越位”,统一性、综合性区域组织的缺位等因素的综合作用。文章还对亚洲人权合作制度性建设等问题提出了看法。     

非盟影响力与中国-非盟关系分析

近年来,世界主要国家和国际组织高度重视发展同非盟关系,非盟领导权威得到非洲国家和国际社会的广泛认可。这是非盟机制建设日趋完善及其在促进非洲和平与安全、推进非洲一体化方面取得重要成就的表现。随着非盟影响力不断提升,中国-非盟关系也朝制度化、机制化方向发展,但非盟自身问题及中国-非盟密切互动中产生的矛盾与分歧也对双方关系的深入发展构成挑战。在高度认知非盟对实现中国对非洲政策与战略目标重要性的基础上,进一步加强中国-非盟战略对话机制建设,有助于把中国与单个非洲国家的双边关系整合发展成更具战略意义的中非关系。     

国际人权公约与人权保护——国内司法实施的分析

国际人权公约设定了国家对个人的义务。在国内层面上 ,缔约国应采取立法、司法等措施履行国际人权公约规定的义务。缔约国国内层面的实施是国际人权公约实施的基础和关键。国际人权公约能否在缔约国国内法院得到直接适用 ,是由各国国内法予以决定的。按照我国法律 ,国际人权公约基本上不能在国内法院得以直接适用。     

National human rights action plans: a roadmap to development

Applying the “human rights-based approach to development” (HRBAD) in practice is the biggest challenge facing advocates of human rights and development. This article seeks to bridge between. HRBAD at a theoretical level and the National Human Rights Action Plans (NHRAP) at a practical level in order to not merely provide a tool for putting HRBAD into practice but also to prepare a theoretical foundation for NHRAPs. To integrate HRBAD into NHRAPs, the whole conceptual space of development is mapped into a matrix called a “Substantive-Procedural Matrix of Development” (SPMD). This matrix helps states develop their plans within the road to development. The utility of this matrix as a heuristic will be demonstrated in the case of the right to health.     

Human security of the Sámi in the new Sámi Arctic Strategy

ABSTRACT

Recent plans and enterprises of the Arctic States of Sweden, Norway and Finland – such as the Finnish plan to build a controversial rail line from Rovaniemi to Kirkenes in Norway, relocation of Swedish Kiruna (already in progress), building Markbydgen windfarm in Sweden or construction of a copper mine in Kvalsund, Norway - have put into question the human security of the Sámi. In this paper, the author examines the contents of the new document The Sámi Arctic Strategy. Securing enduring influence for the Sámi people in the Arctic through partnerships, education and advocacy adopted in 2019. Special emphasis is put on the reflections and references to human security of the Sámi. Then the author briefly examines the above examples and how they may or already affect human security of the Sámi. The research questions are: which parts of the new Sámi Arctic Strategy refer to human security? What is the importance of self-determination to human security of the Sámi? Could this Strategy facilitate implementation of the right of the Sámi to self-determination, and as a result improve their human security? The paper attempts to answer these questions in Concluding Remarks.     

新丝绸之路建设背景下广西与东盟旅游合作发展研究

21世纪海上丝绸之路的建设为中国与东盟各国加强政治、经济、文化、贸易等方面的合作注入新的活力,对当前广西与东盟旅游合作意义重大。推进广西与东盟旅游合作进程应结合双方合作现状,解决合作中出现的问题,着重从旅游国际大通道、旅游合作机制、旅游线路开发、旅游招商引资、旅游合作发展基金、旅游人力资源等方面加以推动。     

The Deterrent Effects of the International Criminal Court: Evidence from Libya

ABSTRACT

The International Criminal Court (ICC) was designed to try the worst war criminals for crimes against humanity, genocide, and other instances of mass human suffering. By providing a permanent, international mechanism to hold perpetrators of mass human rights abuse accountable, the ICC is also meant to be a deterrent—to prevent potential genocidaires from committing systematic human rights abuses in the first place. But what if the effect is actually quite the opposite? While advocates of international justice have made conjectures about the effect of the ICC on stopping human rights abuses, the existing scholarship does not empirically test assumptions about the relationship between international criminal justice and violence. This article outlines the causal mechanisms by which the ICC could affect ongoing violence and tests these assumptions using event count models of the relationship between the ICC and the level of violence against civilians in Libya during the 2011 crisis. These analyses suggest that the ICC’s involvement in conflict does have a dampening effect on the level of mass atrocities committed. The results also call for a broad and sustained research agenda on the effect of international accountability efforts on ongoing violence.     

Food security and human rights in Indonesia

Food is crucial to an adequate standard of living. The acknowledgement of the right to food in government policies is fundamental to the protection of human dignity, particularly in relation to food insecurity. It allows the right-holder to seek redress and hold government accountable for non-fulfilment. With reference to Indonesia, the article highlights deficits in meeting obligations to the right to food as stipulated in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The state links food policy to the issue of national stability, with a resulting focus on the national rather than household or individual levels, and the inhibition at the grassroots of the right to food.     

山东与韩国京畿道经济园区比较与合作研究

中国山东与韩国京畿道经济园区作为区域发展的重要增长极,在各省道经济发展中占有极其重要的地位。两省道经济园区在投入产出、管理模式、园区环境等方面既存在共性,也存在差异。为了加强双方经济园区的交流与合作、继续担当区域经济的增长极,必须建立园区合作的政策机制和人才机制,打造园区合作的信息平台及创新模式,优势互补,在新的起点上实现经济园区整体健康发展。     

政权与产权关系视角下的俄罗斯社会变迁（1991-2012年）

产权有效与否以及能否持续供给,直接决定一个国家的兴起与衰落,而产权背后是政治制度.产权与政权是社会经济体系的两大基本制度,其相互关系的制度重构属于制度建构的核心内容.在现实中,与政权和产权关系理论相关联的问题就是：什么样的产权制度是最为有效的？俄罗斯国家转型道路上的坎坷,其原因在于俄不能够确定产权制度,权力所有制中政权始终在产权明晰上错位,政权干涉产权,产权制度不能够得到落实.     

试论传媒在中国-东盟自由贸易区建设过程中的角色定位和功能发挥

本文从理论上阐明中国-东盟自由贸易区（CAFTA）建设中充分发挥传媒作用的必要性和重要性，分析了传媒在CAFTA建设中的经济和文化作用，从而丰富和深化对自由贸易区建设产业内涵及动力机制的理解。     

The cost of complying with human rights treaties: The convention on the rights of the child and basic immunization

The determinants of compliance with human rights treaties likely vary according to the right in question, yet heterogeneity in the pathways through which ratification affects various human rights outcomes has received limited attention. This paper first develops an account of treaty compliance that incorporates the intrinsic benefits to the state of compliance, regime costs associated with certain rights, the political costs that NGOs, judges, and others are able to impose for non-compliance, and the fiscal and economic costs of compliance. The paper argues that for child survival rights, fiscal and economic costs are likely to be dispositive, and that as a result richer countries are more likely to comply. The paper then uses an instrumental variable approach to investigate whether ratification of the Convention of the Rights of the Child was associated with stronger effort at the country level on child survival rights. It finds that ratification of the CRC was correlated with a subsequent increase in immunization rates, but only in upper middle and high income countries.     

利用GMS机制推动中国南宁-新加坡经济走廊建设

南宁-新加坡经济走廊（以下简称南新经济走廊）是中国-东盟陆路大动脉,在深化中国-东盟自由贸易区建设中具有积极作用。但是,目前在推进南新经济走廊建设中还遇到很多困难和障碍,关键是南新经济走廊缺乏推动的主体和制度性框架。利用GMS成熟的合作机制来推动南新经济走廊建设不失为一种可行的思路。