小肠结肠炎耶氏菌噬菌体的分离和鉴定

小肠结肠炎耶氏菌(Y.enterocolitica,Y.e)是一种分布很广的人畜共患性疾病病原菌,猪的带菌或发病与该菌在人群流行有密切关系。关于从猪标本中分离出Y.e已屡有报道,我们也曾从屠宰场污水中检出Y.e。鉴于噬菌体与相应细菌在生态学分布上的关联性,我们对猪场污水进行了Y.e噬菌体的分离和鉴定。     

猪胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌血清Ⅰ型菌溶血素的生产条件

猪胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌(H.pleuropneumon-iae)又叫猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(A.pleuropne-umoniae)是引起猪的传染性胸膜肺炎的病原,各种年龄的猪均可感染,尤以3月龄仔猪受害最为严重,已成为各国集约化养猪场的主要危害之一。据报道,该菌有12个血清型,而以血清Ⅰ型菌毒力最强。当前预防本病尚无有效的方法,有人用灭活的猪胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌溶血素预防本病,取得较佳效果。为提高本菌溶血素的产量,本试验对猪胸膜肺炎嗜血杆菌血清Ⅰ型菌溶血素的生产条件进行了如下探索。 (一)材料和方法     

强力解毒敏的临床应用效果

在动物疫病防制工作中 ,各种中毒性疾病与应激或过敏性反应时有发生。强力解毒敏注射液主要由甘草提取物制成 ,内含甘草酸胺、氨基乙酸和ｌ 半胱氨酸等有效成分 ,其主要功效是治疗动物食物中毒、药物中毒及抗应激和抗过敏。笔者应用强力解毒敏治疗不同类型动物疾病多例 ,效果满意。1　药物强力解毒敏 :购自甘肃省动物保健公司 (陕西省长武制药厂生产 )。2　临床疗效2 .1　猪消毒剂中毒　兰州市某养猪户用菌毒散按 1∶10 0稀释后对猪舍进行消毒 ,每隔 3ｈ带猪消毒 1次 ,连用 7ｄ后 ,所饲养的 48头猪全部出现食欲不振、行动迟缓或卧地不起 ,有…     

表达猪流行性腹泻病毒S1蛋白的重组乳酸乳球菌的构建及其免疫原性的研究

为探究表达猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)纤突糖蛋白(S1)的重组乳酸乳球菌口服免疫动物诱导的特异性免疫应答,本研究从PEDV SDLY株中扩增得到S1基因序列,构建pMG36e-S1重组质粒并将其电转至乳酸乳球菌MG1363感受态细胞中,制备表达猪流行性腹泻病毒S1蛋白的重组乳酸乳球菌。应用SDS-PAGE、Western-blot鉴定目的蛋白的表达。将重组菌口服免疫新西兰大白兔,中和试验检测小肠黏膜和血清中的中和抗体效价,间接ELISA方法测定血清中特异性IgG。结果显示,该重组菌能够有效引起动物体产生较高水平血清IgG和一定量的黏膜免疫中和抗体,表明该重组菌表达系统能刺激动物系统产生免疫应答,具有作为口服疫苗的潜在应用价值。     

截短的猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒M基因的原核表达

根据GenBank上登录的猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)基因组序列,设计了1对引物用于扩增PRRSV M基因,经PCR、酶切及测序鉴定,成功构建了PRRSV M基因原核表达载体.重组菌经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting结果显示,出现一分子质量约为27.3ku的目的蛋白带,该表达蛋白可与PRRSV猪阳性血清发生特异性反应.表明,表达的蛋白具有良好的特异性.     

大肠埃希氏菌和沙门菌氨基糖苷耐药基因PCR检测方法的建立

采用平板稀释法,选用氨基糖苷类药物链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素和新霉素对22 株猪、鸡大肠埃希氏菌和30株猪、鸡沙门菌进行了药敏试验。结果显示,在4种药物中大肠埃希氏菌对卡那霉素的耐药率最高,达81.8%,而沙门菌则对链霉素的耐药率最高,达60%,两类细菌都对新霉素的耐药率最低。设计了5对引物,对耐药基因aph(3′) Ⅱ、aadA1、aadA2、aadB和aac(3) Ⅰa进行了扩增,获得的基因片段与预期的大小一致;序列分析表明,扩增产物与GenBank中的相应序列有很高的同源性(>99.8%)。采用建立的PCR技术,对22株猪、鸡大肠埃希氏菌和30 株猪、鸡沙门菌的耐药基因进行了检测,证实耐药基因普遍存在,在大肠埃希氏菌中aadA1 基因的检出率最高(12/22),在沙门菌中aph(3′) Ⅱ基因的检出率最高(18/30),在所有的菌株中都未能检测出aac(3) Ⅰa基因。     

猪轮状病毒双抗体夹心ELISA检测方法的建立

用差速离心法纯化的猪轮状病毒(RV)分别免疫仔猪和兔,制备了猪抗RV和兔抗RV超免疫血清,并用层析方法进行了纯化,建立了检测RV的双抗体夹心ELISA方法.结果表明,该双抗体夹心ELISA的最佳反应条件为:猪抗RV IgG包被浓度为4 μg/mL,兔抗RV IgG最佳工作浓度为3.5μg/mL,样品反应时间为90 min,酶标抗体工作浓度为1:8 000,以D<,450nm≥10.161作为阳性判定标准.该ELISA的重复性变异系数小于10 %,最低检测限为1.25μg/mL,并与猪瘟病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪大肠杆菌和沙门菌等病原无交叉反应,该ELISA试剂在室温和4℃条件下至少可保存4个月.用该ELISA方法和RV金标检测卡检测70份临床粪便样品,结果显示,ELISA的阳性检出率为22.9%,而金标检测卡的阳性检出率为20.0%.表明,建立的双抗体夹心ELISA方法具有特异性好、灵敏性高和重复性好等优点,可用于RV的快速检测.     

猪带绦虫TS61抗原基因的克隆及表达分析

以PCR扩增猪带绦虫TS61抗原基因 ,与载体 pUC18连接后进行测序 ;并构建了该基因的pGEX 1λT原核表达载体 ,制备了其原核表达产物 ,进行浓度梯度SDS PAGE和免疫印迹分析 ;对该基因的碱基序列及其编码蛋白进行了同源性比较。结果表明 ,猪带绦虫TS61抗原基因含 893对碱基 ,编码含 70个氨基酸残基的多肽 ,分子质量为 8.0ku ,等电点为4.19。在基因库和欧洲分子生物学实验室数据库中均未发现该基因的同源序列。重组质粒在大肠埃希氏菌中表达的融合蛋白分子质量为 3 4ku ,该蛋白抗原能被兔抗猪囊尾蚴超免疫血清所识别。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪圆环病毒2型与沙门菌混合感染的病理学诊断

2017年1～6月,某猪场约有10%的仔猪在断奶后发生慢性消瘦和腹泻,病死率高达80%。为确诊该猪场疾病,采用病理剖检、PCR/RT-PCR检测、细菌分离鉴定、免疫组化检测、组织病理学分析等方法对病猪进行了诊断。病理剖检发现,肺小叶间质增宽,肝易碎呈棕黄色,肠系膜水肿、肠黏膜面有纤维素性坏死物附着。组织病理学表现为化脓性肺炎、桥接型肝小叶中心坏死、间质性肾炎、坏死性肠炎。从病原学方面检测出猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)与沙门菌(Salm onella)这3种病原。综合病理学和病原学检测结果,认为沙门菌继发于PRRSV和PCV2感染,是造成该场猪群严重死亡的主要原因。     

猪支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离鉴定及部分生物学特性的研究

为了解猪支气管败血波氏杆菌(Bb)在四川规模化猪场的感染情况,为猪支气管败血波氏杆菌的诊断及临床治疗提供参考,本研究从四川省5个猪场采取具有呼吸道症状的猪鼻腔棉拭子16份,采用改良Sm ith培养基分离该菌,通过对该菌的生长特性、菌落形态和革兰染色菌体形态和排列方式进行观察以及对特异性基因fla和D nt进行PCR检测,共分离鉴定出4株Bb,该菌从猪场中的分离率为80%(4/5),猪个体阳性率为25%(4/16)。小鼠皮肤坏死试验结果表明,小鼠颈部皮下注射分离菌粗提的Dnt毒素后,注射局部皮肤坏死,剖检见脾萎缩、肺充血和肝边缘坏死。药敏试验结果表明,分离菌株对头孢唑啉、四环素、环丙沙星等14种抗生素高度敏感,对氨苄西林、杆菌肽、复方新诺明等7种抗生素耐药率较高,试验结果说明,四川省猪群中存在致病性较强的猪支气管败血波氏杆菌,为选用敏感抗菌药物预防和治疗Bb病提供了依据。     

Globalisation as a Problem of Political Analysis: Restoring Agents to a 'Process without a Subject' and Politics to a Logic of Economic Compulsion*

Globalisation, in both the popular and academic vernacular, is presented as a non-negotiable external economic constraint, which must simply be accommodated. Consequently, it is a process whose content, nature and consequences are not amenable--either in practice or in principle--to political, far less democratic, deliberation. It is not at all surprising, then, that the invocation of globalisation should be associated with the logic of economic compulsion and the absence of political choice. This paper argues that the perception of the non-negotiable character of globalisation is both misleading and, at the same time, intimately connected to its depiction as a causal 'process without a subject'. For it is only by failing to specify the mechanisms of complex change, in which agents are necessarily implicated, that generic and agentless processes such as globalisation acquire their necessitarian, non-negotiable and apolitical character. Restoring subjects to the process of globalisation and assessing the extent to which their behaviour is informed by constructions of globalisation are urgent challenges for critical political analysts. They are crucial to the broader task of demystifying globalisation, of holding it open to democratic political scrutiny and, in so doing, of challenging its perceived logic of no alternative. If we are to do this, we must develop an account of globalisation capable of acknowledging and incorporating a dynamic understanding of the relationship between conduct and context, and the material and the ideational. In short, if the character, content and consequences of the process of globalisation are to be held to account, we must first restore agents to this process without a subject and politics to this logic of economic compulsion.     

澄清一个假材料的真相

捷克<对话>杂志1999年第146期曾以"戈尔巴乔夫说:我生活的目的就是消灭共产主义"为标题,刊登了戈尔巴乔夫1999年在土耳其安卡拉"美国大学"做的一篇所谓讲话.这篇讲话于2000年也传到了北京.我国<真理的追求>杂志2000年第10期、<中流>杂志2000年第11期和<科学社会主义>杂志2000年第6期分别用"极为难得的反面教材--戈尔巴乔夫自白:我生活的目的就是消灭共产主义"、"叛徒的自白"和"一篇难得的反面教材--戈尔巴乔夫自供"等标题,全文发表了捷克<对话>杂志刊登的这个材料.于是,这篇被称为"戈尔巴乔夫自白"的讲话就在我国流传开来,误导了很多读者.     

Redrawing a map of motherhood

Motherhood in any culture comes with a set of ideologies that restrains women's own desires and needs. In Japan, women with young children have recently coined the term, Mama-tomo, or ‘Mum-friends’, and formed loosely connected communities through their daily parenting routines. Kirino Natsuo's novel Happiness, originally published in instalments between July 2010 and October 2012 in women's magazine Very, depicts the social machinations of a particular mama-tomo group in Tokyo's aspirational waterfront suburb. While the novel addresses contemporary women's issues and motherhood in particular, it also explores the map of Tokyo that engenders imaginary class distinctions. In this article, I follow the trail that the novel leaves on this map and identify the implications of that trail. In doing so, I draw on the concept of ‘smooth’ and ‘striated’ spaces, as theorised by Deleuze and Guattari (1987) in their critique of capitalism and modern living. Writing sympathetically to the women protagonists – and hence to the readers of the magazine – Kirino is nonetheless critical of the women's belief in the imaginary values of an elite class and their willingness to submit to the imposed ideology of motherhood. In this sense, the novel repudiates the consumerist lifestyle models constructed for sale through Very and the popular media at large. It is my contention that the beliefs critiqued in Kirino's novel have their source partly in the spatial imagination of the Edo period (1603–1868), during which the ruling samurai class facilitated a systematic social segregation. It is ironic, however, that the segregation in turn underscored the demarcation of the Other space, a liberated dynamic space outside the strictly regulated habitat of the ruling group. Endorsing this Other space, Kirino redraws a map of Tokyo through this novel to show the young generation of mothers a way of exiting the captivity of imposed ideologies of motherhood, class, and consumerism.     

Understanding a Bit of China

正The People's Republic of China has always been a land of many curiosities for people of other countries not only because of its rapid progress but also because of its vastness in terms of population,natural resources,unique structure of governance,ancient culture,combination of varied ethnic groups of population and the amazing beauty of nature.