塔城涉黑团伙覆灭记

从上世纪90年代起，以李忠庆为首的团伙就在塔城地区兴风作浪、称霸一方、为非作歹，欺压、残害群众，进行了多起违法犯罪活动，严重破坏了塔城地区的经济、社会生活、工作秩序。     

意大利最新集团诉讼立法探究——兼议对我国的立法启示

<正>近些年在意大利频繁出现社会影响极大的大规模侵权事件,〔1〕实行传统诉讼模式的意大利司法机关在解决这些权益纷争时陷入了捉襟见肘的困境,尽管根据意大利法律规定,也存在保护集体利益和分散利益的诉讼,〔2〕但这种诉讼属于团体诉讼,原告资格被赋     

对完善保险法的若干思考

《中华人民共和国保险法》(以下简称《保险法》)起草于上世纪90年代上半期，1995年6月30日八届人大十四次会议通过，同年10月1日起施行，是建国以来的第一部保险法。对发展社会主义市场经济，规范保险经营活动，保护保险活动当事人的合法权益，促进保险事业的健康发展，具有十分重要的意义。     

应该加强对专利侵权行为的处罚力度

专利制度的核心内容是对专利权的保护。而对专利侵权行为的有效处罚,是加强对专利保护的基本一环。如果对专利侵权行为处罚不力,就不能狠狠打击窃取他人成果、侵犯他人权益的非法活动,对社会也就起不到警戒作用。这样,也就不能有效地保护专利权人的合法权益,不能维护社会科技、经济活动的正常进行。因此,一个国家在实行专利制度的过程中,必须根据本国国情,建立起必要的、强有力的专利侵权惩罚制度,以确保专利制度的健康     

天津河北区：社会调查制度应法律化

自上世纪90年代起，我国许多地方都开展了未成年人刑事案件社会调查制度的探索。     

构建和谐社会必须加强对弱势群体的法律保护

《中共中央关于加强党的执政能力的决定》提出我党要提高建和谐社会的能力,并把对弱势群体的关怀和保护作为构和谐社会建设的重要方面,指出:“既要保护发达地区、优势业和先富群体的发展活力,又要高度重视和关心欠发达地、比较困难的行业和群众。”上世纪90年代以来,由于各种原造成的贫富悬殊而出现的社会弱势群体,逐渐成为我国社稳定和经济发展过程中的不和谐的阴影。特别是进入21世以来,弱势群体问题更加突出。弱势群体最易成为社会的不定因素,如果不加以及时解决或者处理不当,就会使社会矛激化,甚至引发社会动荡和倒退。加强对弱势群体的…     

中国知识产权保护的制度与实践

上世纪80年代初中国实施知识产权制度以来。特别是加入世贸组织的几年来，中国的知识产权保护水平得到了历史性提升．无论是法律法规建设、执法机构建设和依法保护实践等各个方面都取得了重大进展。我国已经建立起一个完整的、与国际保护标准接轨的知识产权保护体系，司法保护和行政执法力度进一步加大。公众的知识产权保护意识明显提高。我国用二十多年的时间，走过了发达国家上百年的知识产权制度发展历程。     

初级卫生保健法的立法思路

“人人享有卫生保健”是世界卫生组织提出的全球性战略目标。为了实现这一目标,从上世纪80年代起世界上掀起了发展初级卫生保健的高潮。我国是初级卫生保健的策源地之一,在这方面曾积累了许多开创性的、行之有效的经验。但是,由于缺乏相应的法律保障,初级卫生保健有起有伏。为了保障人人享有卫生保健,提高全民族健康素质,促进社会公平,当务之急是制定一部符合我国国情的初级卫生保健法。     

互联网行业反垄断案件中的相关市场界定：美国的经验与启示

一、互联网经济与反垄断法 以计算机和通讯技术为依托的互联网是上世纪人类最伟大的发明之一。毫不夸张地说,互联网的发明与广泛使用造就了信息储存与交换方式的革命。而后者恰恰是人类经济与社会的组织与运作的基础。从互联网进入民用领域那天起,它就显示了强大的生命力。它带来了无穷无尽的商业模式乃至社会管理方法的创新,     

美国反垄断法对医院合并的适用分析

从上世纪80年代起,美国的医院经历了前所未有的合并浪潮,反垄断执法部门也开始将注意力集中在医疗领域。但是,由于反垄断法的主要目的和分析方法是用来针对传统的商业和贸易领域,而医疗机构并不是纯粹的商业机构,因此反垄断法在控制医院合并时产生了种种新问题。     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

论述二十世纪九十年代美国的犯罪问题

在20世纪90年代,犯罪已成为美国社会所面临的一个严峻的问题。集团、枪支、烈性酒、毒品是引发犯罪的重要因素。各类犯罪影响了美国社会的正常秩序,给受害者带来了物质和精神上的痛苦。研究20世纪90年代美国的犯罪问题可以为我国今天打击、预防犯罪提供一些借鉴。     

癫痫的神经病理学研究进展

癫是一种常见的脑疾病,可引起猝死,以往人们侧重于对癫脑电活动的研究,而近年来癫的神经病理学研究已成为临床和法医工作者的一个研究热点。本文依据一系列文献资料分别从癫的发育障碍、瘤性异常增殖、海马硬化、双重病理改变、苔藓纤维发芽等神经病理学变化方面进行综述,进而探讨其法医学意义,希望对癫猝死的法医病理学诊断提供一定的帮助。     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。