“90后”服刑人员家庭特点分析——兼论针对“90后”服刑人员的家庭特点在改造中的策略

青少年犯罪已成为世界三大公害之一。中国在20世纪90年代确立市场经济以来,社会生活各方面巨大变化,作为社会负面的犯罪问题也随之出现新的特点,其中青少年犯罪尤为值得关注!纵观当代青少年罪犯,他们在年龄上有个共同点——＂90后＂。由于＂90后＂罪犯年龄上的特点,其家庭因素在其误入犯罪歧途及改造中均有不可忽视的作用。所以本课题组分析＂90后＂服刑人员家庭特点,希望利用家庭资源对＂90后＂服刑人员的改造发挥一份力量。     

20世纪90年代以来中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法修改研究

在大力发展知识经济与美国等发达国家不断施压的双重背景下,20世纪90年代以来,中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法分别于1992、1993、1998、2003、2004、2006、2007年进行了修改。通过增设新罪、完善原有犯罪的构成要件以及删除一些不合时宜的犯罪等方式,中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法日益完善,并与世界范围内著作权刑事立法的趋势与特点逐渐符合。     

20世纪90年代以来中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法修改研究

在大力发展知识经济与美国等发达国家不断施压的双重背景下，20世纪90年代以来，中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法分别于1992、1993、1998、2003、2004、2006、2007年进行了修改。通过增设新罪、完善原有犯罪的构成要件以及删除一些不合时宜的犯罪等方式，中国台湾地区侵犯著作权犯罪刑事立法日益完善，并与世界范围内著作权刑事立法的趋势与特点逐渐符合。     

尼日利亚联邦防治法人犯罪的新举措

进入20世纪90年代，面对法人犯罪日益严重的形势，为有效地维护经济秩序，切实保障经济的健康发展，尼日利亚联邦采取了防治法人犯罪的新举措。     

无被害人犯罪与非犯罪化

无被害人犯罪是指没有具体的被害人,但具有社会危害性的行为。自20世纪60年代起,无被害人犯罪的问题一直颇受国外学术界关注。对于无被害人犯罪的犯罪化与非犯罪化问题一直是争论的焦点,本文将对无被害人犯罪非犯罪化问题进行探讨,并就中国的赌博、吸毒的犯罪化问题进行分析。     

混合缓刑制度研究

目前的犯罪形势与缓刑制度适用中存在的问题使得对缓刑进行改革以充分发挥其节省司法资源、矫正犯罪人、促进犯罪人回归社会的功能成为必要。美国自20世纪20年代以来逐渐发展完善的震慑缓刑制度虽然在实践中也出现了一些负面效应,但瑕不掩瑜,其在节省司法资源、促进犯罪人回归社会、缓和社会矛盾方面所取得的成效表明其所蕴涵的合理因素仍然值得我们借鉴。因此,本文建议在现行刑法规定的缓刑制度之外,借鉴美国震慑缓刑制度所蕴含的合理因素,创设一种新的混合缓刑制度。     

我国垄断犯罪与检察权完善探析

一、垄断犯罪的国内外概况(一)境外垄断犯罪研究概况1.美国反垄断刑事责任制度。美国是最早在反垄断法中设立刑事责任的国家,始于1890年制定的《谢尔曼法》确立反托拉斯制度。伴随着社会的发展,不同历史阶段的不断补充和修改,美国成功的反垄断刑事责任制度很大程度上影响着越来越多的国家或地区。20世纪90年代开始,各国纷纷效仿美国设立刑事责任制度或积极推进本国或本地区反垄断刑事化进程。其对世界各国主要贡献有两项,一是成文法,另外就是宽恕政策。2.日本反垄断刑事责任制度。在美国的督促下,日     

浅析20世纪60年代美国青年价值观的变化

20世纪60年代,美国社会发生了一场以青年为主体的抗议运动,运动波及社会政治、文化等各个领域,影响至今。这场运动与美国当时的黑人民权运动、学生运动、妇女解放运动互相交织,构成了冲击美国社会的巨大浪潮。而这场运动孕育于年青一代价值观的改变,本文试图通过分析20世纪60年代美国青年价值观变化的原因来透视20世纪60年代美国反文化运动的兴起。     

论原始社会犯罪人赔偿制度

20世纪70年代开始至90年代,几乎所有西方国家都规定了罪犯赔偿制度。追溯罪犯赔偿历史,它是原始社会时期的一种犯罪治理手段,是犯罪的伴生现象。相较于今天的犯罪治理手段,它更注重个人身心、生活、行为和社会秩序的恢复。西方国家、伊斯兰社会和非洲、亚洲等的原始社会,都曾广泛采用罪犯赔偿制度。原始社会罪犯赔偿制度注重被害人的被害恢复,重视为避免社会冲突,要求罪犯承担弥补犯罪所造成的恶果的责任,同时也十分重视恢复社区安宁。这对于我们今天的犯罪治理有着重要的参考价值。     

企业家腐败与“大企业病”

正在中央铁腕反腐行动中,落马的大企业老总引发社会关注。事实上,大企业老总犯罪问题是各国通病。美国自20世纪80年代以来,70%的企业老总犯罪发生在42%的大型企业中,且因贪腐走向犯罪的往往是薪酬最高的企业管理者。社会经济学家亚历克斯·梯尔在其专门研究"越轨"行为的专著中称这一现象为"特权偏差行为"。具体而言,这些手中握有企业生死大权的老     

Drugs in injured drivers in Denmark

As part of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL) under the European Commission's Transport RTD Programme of the 5th Framework Programme [I.M. Bernhoft, Drugs in accidents involved drivers in Denmark, D-R4.3 of the project Impaired Motorists, Methods Of Roadside Testing and Assessment for Licensing (IMMORTAL), www.immortal.or.at, 2005], a study regarding drugs in accident-involved drivers was carried out in Denmark. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to collect and analyse samples from injured drivers for the presence of drugs; (2) to give an indication whether drugs may have contributed to traffic accidents; and (3) to get information on the drug-positive drivers and their drug use. This paper focuses on objective 1. Injured drivers who were treated in hospital were asked to give a saliva sample, a blood sample or both. The samples were screened for the following substances: opiates, amphetamines, methamphetamines, incl. MDMA (ecstasy), cannabinoids and metabolites, cocaine and metabolites and benzodiazepines. Screenings were carried out by means of Cozart Microplate EIA kit. Positive screenings were confirmation analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In total, 26 out of 330 patients were confirmed positive for one or more of the six drug groups. However, three patients were excluded from the survey for various reasons. Of the remaining 23 drug-positive patients 15 were found positive for one drug group, and in five of these cases alcohol was present in a concentration over the legal limit in Denmark (0.05%). The other eight patients were found positive for two drug groups, and in four of these cases, alcohol was also present in a concentration over the legal limit. Alcohol was found both in combinations with medicinal drugs, with illegal drugs and with both. Based on the saliva or blood concentrations, we estimate that there is a strong suspicion of impairment in 9 out of 23 cases, and in another six cases it was likely that the drivers were impaired.     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

癫痫的神经病理学研究进展

癫是一种常见的脑疾病,可引起猝死,以往人们侧重于对癫脑电活动的研究,而近年来癫的神经病理学研究已成为临床和法医工作者的一个研究热点。本文依据一系列文献资料分别从癫的发育障碍、瘤性异常增殖、海马硬化、双重病理改变、苔藓纤维发芽等神经病理学变化方面进行综述,进而探讨其法医学意义,希望对癫猝死的法医病理学诊断提供一定的帮助。     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。