国际金融危机下的印尼银行业

国际金融危机自2008年第四季度起波及印度尼西亚。总体而言，印尼银行业在这次金融危机中表现稳健。因为这次金融危机的内在机理有其特殊性，加上经过亚洲金融危机的洗礼，印尼在宏观经济、银行业实力和政府应变能力等方面均有显著提高。当前，印尼银行业存在的主要问题和风险有：经营水平不高；银行间市场资金严重不均；外资流入过多和实体经济制约等。     

东南亚华商上市公司发展分析——以银行业为主要研究对象

一直以来,东南亚华商,尤其是东南亚5国(新加坡、马来西亚、菲律宾、泰国、印度尼西亚)的华商对世界经济的发展起到了积极的促进作用。随着经济全球化浪潮的蔓延,东南亚华商企业几经波折,自20世纪末起频繁发生的各种危机,为东南亚华商的生存和发展带来了巨大的挑战。本文在进行资料收集和整理的基础上,以银行业为主要研究对象,对东南亚华商的经营状况进行实证分析,总结了影响华人银行发展的宏观因素,并对华商企业的未来发展进行简要探讨。     

印度尼西亚在东盟的作用：领导地位结束？

印度尼西亚的经济与政治危机对其充分参与国际事务(包括它同东南亚的关系和它参与东盟内部事务)的能力产生了显著的影响。过去印度尼西亚被称为东盟的领导者,而且事实已表明,印度尼西亚对东盟的建立及其内部的发展产生了很大的影响,经济危机,印度尼西亚政局不稳定,森林大火和东盟成员国之间的双边争端等因素,都危害了东盟的团结。尽管东盟仍然是一个重要的地区性组织,但印度尼西亚对该集团的领导作用显然已受到了检验并证明是不称职的。     

印度尼西亚孔子学院的文化融合功能评析——以印度尼西亚玛琅国立大学孔子学院为例

本文在跨文化相关研究基础上,以印度尼西亚玛琅国立大学孔子学院为样本,评析印度尼西亚孔子学院的特色活动实施和品牌形象建设情况,探究其影响文化融合的因素并发现其解决途径,建立语言宗教多样化背景下的印度尼西亚孔子学院的多元文化传播模式。     

印度尼西亚民主转型中的军队改革研究(1998—2008年)

1998—2008年是印度尼西亚军队改革的最初十年,也是取得成果最多的十年。印度尼西亚作为在新秩序时期过于依赖军人统治的威权国家,如何实施军队改革成为其民主转型中最棘手的问题。在民主转型的大背景下,印度尼西亚军队改革在十年间取得了31项突出成就,在一定程度上实现了军队职业化,弱化和限制了"双重职能"。但是,由于未完全满足军队职业化的要求、对军队履职的法律依据不足及军队并未完全退出政治社会领域等因素的影响,军队仍是一支重要的政治力量,未能完全发挥其国防职能。如果不能从根本上消除军队对政治的影响,那么,印度尼西亚的民主化改革就不可能彻底成功。虽然印度尼西亚的民主改革和军队改革并不充分,但是,民众仍然对已经实施的改革措施予以肯定。总之,在当前佐科执政时期,印度尼西亚民主转型和军队改革仍"道阻且长",需要不断优化与推进。     

美国对苏加诺时期印度尼西亚政策的演变:从“拉拢”走向“遏制”

冷战开始后,美国对印度尼西亚实施了一系列的政策,从"拉拢"到"隐蔽行动"并适度"容忍",再到试图"迎合"印度尼西亚民族主义的浪潮,以期利用民族主义来防范共产主义。但是,随着印度尼西亚民族主义的高涨,苏加诺采取激进的路线,使得印度尼西亚与美国之间的矛盾不断地增多。美国也逐渐改变原有的政策,采取"遏制"政策。最终在"九三零事件"中,长期受到美国秘密支持的印度尼西亚军方迫使苏加诺下台。至此,美国防止印度尼西亚倒向共产主义阵营的目标基本实现。在影响美国印度尼西亚政策变化的主要因素中,美国对其自身的战略利益认知是其中最为重要的因素,成为美国政策变化的主导因素。     

金融危机以来印度尼西亚经济形势及未来走势展望

金融危机以来,印度尼西亚经济走势远远好于其他东南亚国家,并较好地控制了通货膨胀,成为东盟最具发展潜力的国家,但国内失业率高、投资环境待改善、经常账户逆差逐渐扩大以及未来外部融资环境不被看好等因素仍是困扰印度尼西亚经济的主要问题,未来印度尼西亚仍需继续发挥内需在国民经济增长中的拉动作用,积极改善投资环境,解决内部结构性问题,发掘经济增长的多元内生动力。     

印度尼西亚服务业发展研究

服务业是印度尼西亚国民经济的重要组成部分,也是吸收就业和投资的主要部门.从对国民经济的贡献率、劳动就业的比重、对外贸易结构以及对资本的吸引力来看,印度尼西亚服务业仍以传统部门为主,现代服务业含量相对较低.长期以来,印度尼西亚服务业存在劳动生产率低下、基础设施配套不足、金融服务发展滞后、制度环境不完善等问题,制约了行业整体水平的提高.2015年东盟经济共同体成立后,印度尼西亚服务业面临的机遇与挑战并存.     

非洲银行业发展趋势与中非金融合作

近年来,非洲银行业发展迅猛。非洲国家政府大力推进金融改革,极大地释放了银行业发展潜能。新贷款模式、收入增长以及技术改进,都有助于银行拓宽融资渠道,加速推进了非洲银行业发展。然而,非洲国家银行业的高度集中、金融深度不足、金融监管脆弱及效率低下等问题,成为其发展瓶颈。未来,非洲经济增长将成为其银行业发展的最重要驱动力。巨大的消费市场潜力必将加速驱动非洲银行业不断创新金融产品,以满足对金融服务日益扩张的需求。非洲银行业发展战略将支撑其银行业发展,金融监管将更趋自由化。中国与非洲银行间业务合作迅猛扩展并将产生巨大收益。就中非金融合作而言,应与更多非洲国家签署投资与贸易保护协定,为中非金融类投资创造更多的便利条件;积极参与非洲金融改革,特别是银行业私有化改革,通过双边或多边合作,大力推进人民币在非国际化进程。     

印度银行业改革及其启示

本文从20世纪90年代银行业改革以前印度银行业发展状况及其不良影响入手,研究了20世纪90年代以来印度银行业改革的政策措施和成效,并进而分析了其改革对我国银行业改革的启示。     

Population, Prophets, Pensions, and Politics

As immigrant populations in Western welfare states grow at a faster rate than the native populations, whose birthrates have declined dramatically in recent years, Europe's tradition of democracy and tolerance is threatened. The reasons for the birthrate decline and the resultant aging of the native population are many and complex, but one important contributing factor is the pay-as-you-go pension system, which reduces people's immediate dependence on children. Moreover, the payroll and social security taxes that support the welfare state reduce the earnings capacity of men and women of the traditional age for having children, thus pushing down the birthrate. It is time to consider whether modern Europe's small-size families and high pensions are sustainable     

Terrorism,counter-terrorism,and critique: opportunities,examples, and implications

This article explores the parameters, value and limitations of different critical strategies for those dissatisfied with the contemporary politics of terror. It argues, first, that the prominent (counter-)terrorism paradigm – in which terrorism is approached as a ubiquitous and very specific security challenge meriting appropriately exceptional responses – is far more critiqued than we might anticipate. And, second, that such critiques – which can be found across political language, popular culture, everyday life, and beyond – employ distinct critical resources to serve varying ends. Reflecting on these, the article offers a new heuristic distinguishing five critical strategies which seek to: (i) repudiate; (ii) question; (iii) subvert; (iv) replace, or (v) deconstruct the prominent counter-terrorism paradigm. This typology, it argues, offers scope for optimism and strategic resources for those attracted to a critical terrorism studies project going forward.     

Norway,Spitsbergen, and America, 1905-1920

In the Spitsbergen treaty of 1920, Norway acquired sovereignty over the Spitsbergen Islands. Rather than Woodrow Wilson, the American president, the architects behind the treaty were Robert Lansing, Wilson’s secretary of state, and, behind the diplomatic scene, the mining investor, John M. Longyear. In 1906, Longyear established a mining company to exploit the coal deposits at Spitsbergen. He induced Congress, the State Department, and the White House to forge an American policy for the European Arctic, including the appointment of Lansing, an international lawyer, as a counsel in the State Department. Lansing was a leading expert on both international law and the lack of state authority at the terra nullius, Spitsbergen. In 1915, he became secretary of State and, at the Paris Peace Conference, decided American policy regarding the Spitsbergen question. This analysis shows how the outcome of the Spitsbergen question was a result of American mining interests, supplemented by Norwegian-American shared interests in conflict resolution based on international law.     

Pakistan,India, China,and the United States: Energy,Climate Change,and National Security

This article focuses on the interplay of energy, climate change, and national security issues in Southwest Asia, using the newer definition of “national security” to include energy security, economic development, and climate change, as well as traditional security focusing on the military aspects.     

Indigeneity,Ethnicity, and the State: Australia,Fiji, and New Zealand

This article draws on the politics of indigeneity to distinguish the claims of first occupancy from simple ethnic identity politics, illustrating that relative political marginalization in Australasia is not so much a function of minority status but of indigeneity itself. The politics of indigeneity's aim is to create political space for self-determination and a particular indigenous share in the sovereign authority of the nation-state itself. The Australasian states are compared with Fiji to demonstrate that the significance of historical constraints on political authority transcend the withdrawal of a colonial power and the restoration of collective indigenous majority population status.     

International relations in Malaysia: theories, history, memory, perception, and context

The article makes a preliminary survey of the teaching of internationalrelations (IR) in Malaysia. It starts by describing the originsof the field, and the emergence of an IR epistemic communityjoining both academia and government. This account is necessarilyderived from the experiences of the four most established Malaysianuniversities distinguished by length of existence and officialfavor. Subsequently, the survey would describe course contentand influences going into their design. The penultimate sectionswould attempt to place the evolution of Malaysian IR teachingwithin a historical context. This survey nonetheless concludesthat nationalist aspirations continue to remain a secondaryinfluence when compared with intellectual dependence upon theWest in the design of IR education in Malaysia. Received for publication August 28, 2008. Accepted for publication October 2, 2008.     

Culture,liberation, and 'development'

Most of the socio-economic changes taking place in Africa and much of the South are externally driven. External agencies, often in league with the State, by-pass working people and do not involve them in the decision-making processes. Their economic approaches ignore people's cultures and their world view. This denies working people a creative capacity to adapt new techniques and knowledge to their own concrete reality. This article argues for the importance of the historical frame of reference and for the centrality of culture in socio-economic processes. The author argues against approaches which are not culturally familiar to working people.     

The roles of,and relationships between,expatriates, volunteers,and local development workers

This article reports on exploratory research based on interviews with expatriate and local aid workers employed by local and international NGOs in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Thematic analysis of the interviews found that personnel were placed in groups based on their job category – consultant, volunteer, or permanent staff – regardless of experience. These categories logically reflect each worker's pay level, purpose, and role, but they may also have an implicit power meaning which reinforces group differences and inhibits inter-group relationships. Relationship building was reported to be the most important factor contributing to the success of capacity-development initiatives. Four sub-themes were identified: communication, friendship, reciprocal learning/teaching, and confidence.     

Negotiation,politics, and management

Book reviews in this article:
Samuel B. Bacharach and Edward J. Lawler , Power and Politics in Organizations: The Social Psychology of Conflict, Coalitions, and Bargaining .
Max H. Bazerman and Roy J. Lewicki , eds., Negotiating in Organizations .
Jeffrey Pfeffer , Power in Organizations .