甲胺磷及其代谢产物检验的研究

本文利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ和ＧＣ／ＦＰＤ法测定了生物体内的甲胺磷（ＭＡＰ）及其代谢物Ｏ、Ｓ－二甲基磷酸酯（Ｏ、Ｓ－ＤＭＰ）．血中ＷＡＰ以乙、乙酸乙酯混合溶剂提取、以磷酸三丁酯为内标测定；尿液中Ｏ、Ｓ－二甲基磷酸酯（Ｏ、Ｓ－ＤＭＰ）以乙酸提取，以ＤＭＴＰ氘氢化合物为内标测定。ＭＡＰ最小检出量为１０ｎｇ／ｍｌ血，回收率为７５．１％，Ｏ、Ｓ－ＤＭＰ的最小检出量为２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ尿．     

全血中度冷丁的气—联用法测定及代谢动力学的研究

应用气－质联用选择离子法测定全血中度冷丁的浓度。方法线性范围为０．００２～１ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９７），变异系数小于１０％，最低检测限过１ｎｇ／ｍｌ，无杂质干扰。本法已用于肌注８０ｍｇ度冷丁后代谢动力学的研究。     

度冷丁滥用者尿中原体及其代谢产物的分析研究

本研究利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ（ＥＩ．ＰＣＩ）技术，在度冷丁滥用者尿中确认了６种代谢产物。并建立了ＧＣ／ＦＩＤ分析度冷丁及其代谢产物的方法。方法线性范围为０．１～２０μｇ／ｍｌ，变异系数小于１０％，最小检出量为５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，适用于度冷丁成瘾者尿中含量的测定。     

度冷丁滥用者尿中原体及其代谢物产物的分析研究

本研究利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ（ＥＬＰＣＩ）技术，在度冷丁滥用者不中确认了６种代谢产物，并建立了ＧＣ／ＦＩＤ分析度冷丁及其代谢产物的方法，方法线性范围０．１～２０μｇ／ｍｌ，变异系数小于１０％，最小检出量为５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，适用于度冷丁成瘾者尿中含量的测定。     

体内海洛因代谢产物的分析研究

本文介绍了从海洛因成瘾者尿中提取净化和定性定量分析海洛因主要代谢产物单乙酰吗啡和吗啡的方法．阳性尿以乙基吗啡为内标．水解后液－液提取或液－固提取，经衍生化后采用ＧＣ／ＭＳ，ＧＣ／ＦＩＤ，ＧＣ／ＮＰＤ法分析，方法简便、准确、灵敏、重现性好．应用本法对八十余例吸毒成瘾者尿样进行测定，取得了令人满意的结果．     

三种检测尿中吗啡方法的比较分析

对２４７个尿样分别用Ｖ－Ⅱ、ＡＣ、ＴＬＣ三种方法分析，结果与ＧＣ／ＭＳ的结果对照，Ｖ－Ⅱ法的检测灵敏度最高，ＴＬＣ的检测灵敏度最低。Ｖ－Ⅱ法有假阳性５个（２．７％），ＡＣ有假阳性３个（３．７％），ＴＬＣ无假阳性结果。     

SPME-GC\NPD法快速分析尿液中苯丙胺类化合物

建立了ＳＰＭＥ－ＧＣ／ＮＰＤ法同时分析尿液中九种苯丙胺类化合物的方法。取１ｍｌ尿样以４－苯基丁胺为内标,在碱性条件下,将１００μｍＰＤＭＳ纤维头浸入尿液中２０ｍｉｎ,气相色谱进样后热解吸３ｍｉｎ,用ＧＣ／ＮＰＤ进行测定。九种苯丙胺类化合物及内标完全分离,五种苯丙胺类化合物分别在０．０５～１５、０．１～１５、０．２～１５μｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内线性良好,ｒ为０．９９２８～０．９９９５,变异系数均小于１０％。方法简便、快速、准确,可用于尿液中苯丙胺类违禁药物的检测     

GC/NPD,GC/FID分析生物品中的氟乙酰胺

报道了用ＧＣ／ＮＰＤ、ＧＣ／ＦＩＤ分析生物试样中的氟乙酰胺的方法,在１ｇ肝组织中加入５．０μｇ氟乙酰胺,回收率为８５．１％,ＲＳＤ为５．３９（ｎ＝７）;１ｍｌ血中加５μｇ,回收率为８５．１５％,ＲＳＤ为７．１１％;在１ｇ胃组织中加入１０μｇ,回收率为８１．６％,ＲＳＤ为１０．１％（ｎ＝７）。研究的方法经实验和中毒案件的应用,效果较好。     

GC/NPD、GC/FID分析生物样品中的氟乙酰胺

报道了用ＧＣ／ＮＰＤ、ＧＣ／ＦＩＤ分析生物试样中的氟乙酰胺的方法。在１ｇ肝组织中加入５．０μｇ氟乙酰胺,回收率为８５．１％,ＲＳＤ为５．３９（ｎ＝７）;１ｍｌ血中加５μｇ,回收率为８５．１％,ＲＳＤ为７．１１％;在１ｇ胃组织中加入１０μｇ,回收率为８１．６％,ＲＳＤ为１０．１％（ｎ＝７）。研究的方法经动物实验和中毒案件的应用,效果较好     

大鼠闭合性脑损伤后血清髓鞘碱性蛋白研究

用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心方法研究了大鼠闭合性弥漫性脑损伤后,血清髓鞘碱性蛋白（ＭＢＰ）含量的时序变化。正常大鼠血清中ＭＢＰ为６．１６３３±１．５３０１ｎｇ／ｍｌ（Ｘ±Ｓ）。伤后立即死亡组大鼠的血清ＭＢＰ为１１．３８１８±２．６５７４ｎｇ／ｍｌ,伤后１５ｍｉｎ,为１０．８３１９±２．３１３５ｎｇ／ｍｌ,此血清高ＭＢＰ水平一直持续到伤后３天。伤后第４天和第５天,血清ＭＢＰ基本恢复到正常水平。立即死亡组、伤后１５ｍｉｎ组和伤后３天之内各组的ＭＢＰ水平与正常组和伤后第４天和第５天的比较,Ｐ＜０．０１。认为可进一步探讨将血清ＭＢＰ含量的检测,作为脑震荡性脑损伤的辅助生化诊断指标之一     

Rapid colorimetric screening test for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (liquid X) in human urine

A rapid colorimetric test for the detection of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is described. The ferric hydroxamate test for ester detection has been adapted to detect GHB in human urine samples from a healthy female and a healthy male subject. The assay can be performed within 5 min and with a GHB detection limit of 0.5 mg/ml when 0.3 ml of human urine is used and a GHB detection limit of 0.1 mg/ml when 1 ml of human urine is used. The colored complex indicating the presence of GHB is purple according to the assay conditions. Test results are free from the interference by alcohol, phenolic compounds and other biological chemicals under the assay conditions. In addition, the colorimetric test is free from the potential false-positive test result that could result from physiological concentrations of GHB.     

Specificity,Sensitivity, and Operability of RSID™‐Urine for Forensic Identification of Urine: Comparison with ELISA for Tamm‐Horsfall Protein

Abstract: In this study, the specificity, sensitivity, and operability of RSID?‐Urine, a new immunochromatographic test for urine identification, was evaluated and compared with ELISA detection of Tamm‐Horsfall protein (THP). Urine was successfully identified among other body fluids using RSID?‐Urine and ELISA detection of THP. The detection limit of RSID?‐Urine equated to 0.5 μL of urine; although the sensitivity of RSID?‐Urine may be lower than that of ELISA detection of THP, it is thought to be sufficient for application to casework samples. However, results from RSID?‐Urine must be interpreted with caution when the sample may have been contaminated with blood or vaginal fluid, because this might inhibit urine detection. The RSID?‐Urine assay can be performed in just 15 min by dropping the extracted sample onto the test cassette. Therefore, RSID?‐Urine should be an effective tool for the forensic identification of urine, in addition to ELISA detection of THP.     

苯并二氮类药物及其主要代谢物的薄层色谱分析

目的建立饮料、血、尿中 11种常见苯并二氮类药物及尿中 7种主要代谢物的薄层色谱分析法(HPTLC)。方法分析物采用GDX10 1树脂进行固相萃取 ,乙醚作为洗脱溶剂。苯 :丙酮 (10∶6)等作为展开体系 ,改良碘化铋钾显色。结果所建方法绝对灵敏度 0 3～ 0 6μg,尿检出限 0 4～ 1 0 μg/ml、血检出限 0 6～ 1 0 μg/ml、饮料检出限 0 4～ 0 8μg/ml。结论HPTLC法简便、快速 ,适合作为常规毒物分析方法     

胶体金标记检测大麻单克隆抗体免疫试剂盒研制

目的 建立准确、快速、简便的检测尿液中大麻的胶体金免疫层析技术(ICT)。方法 采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,标记抗主要代谢物四氢大麻酚-9-羧酸,THC与GC/MS检测方法相比,用ICT法的216份尿样,其检测限为50 ng/ml,灵敏度为96.67％,准确性为98.61％。结论 ICT法检测尿液中THC,其特异性强,对确定大麻的存在具有广泛的应用价值。     

尿中氯胺酮及其代谢物检测的研究

目的建立氯胺酮滥用者尿中氯胺酮及其代谢物检测方法。方法尿液用有机溶剂液-液萃取,气相色谱/氮磷检测器、电子捕获检测器、氢火焰检测器和气-质联用仪测定。结果确认了尿液中氯胺酮的主要代谢物,尿液中氯胺酮及去甲氯胺酮的最小检测限均为2ng/mL,脱氢去甲氯胺酮的最小检测限为5ng/mL。结论所建方法快速、灵敏、准确,能够满足氯胺酮滥用者尿液检测的需要。     

The analysis of the methylenedioxy derivatives of amphetamine]

Methods for analysis of narcotics belonging to amphetamine methylene dioxy derivatives (MDD) are reviewed. The characteristics of these agents, their metabolism, and methods used for their detection and identification (TLC, GC, HPLC, GC/MS) are described. Methods for their extraction from biological objects (human urine and hair) are described. Efficacy of MDMA and MDEA from the urine by different extractants is assessed. The data demonstrate different potentialities for detection and identification of amphetamine MDD, including those in biological specimens (human urine and hairs), by numerous chromatographic methods.     

Enzyme immunochemical detection of the use of hashish and confirmation by thin-layer chromatography

The EMIT cannabinoid assay was used for screening blood and urine after smoking tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 10 mg) or ingestion of THC (30 mg). Cannabinoid levels in urine remain detectable up to 1 week. Confirmation was done by adsorption of the THC carboxylic acid onto a C18 extraction column and elution with acetone and TLC. The method is simple and sensitive and is applicable with common laboratory equipment. The detection limit is 10 ng/ml, using 10 ml urine.     

Capillary ion electrophoresis of endogenous anions and anionic adulterants in human urine

Normal human urine contains many anions and cations. Ionic concentrations in urine have classically been determined by spectrophotometry of color reactions, flame emission spectrophotometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography, or potentiometry with ion-specific electrodes. Capillary ion electrophoresis (CIE) is a form of capillary electrophoresis which uses the differential electrophoretic mobility of ions to perform a separation of an ionic mixture. Various salts can be added to urine specimens to abnormally elevate ionic concentrations and interfere with either immunoassay urine drug screening procedures or gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric confirmation techniques. Application of CIE for the direct detection of endogenous anions and anionic adulterants in human urine specimens was the purpose of this investigation. CIE was performed using a Waters Quanta 4000 Capillary Electrophoresis System with either direct or indirect ultraviolet absorption detection at 254 nm. CIE of 30 random normal urine specimens and 21 urine specimens suspected of adulteration was performed. Duplicate aliquots were assayed by CIE and by colorimetric technique for nitrite. Sixteen specimens had elevated concentrations of nitrite and/or nitrate. The correlation coefficient between nitrite CIE and colorimetric results was 0.9895. Three specimens had detectable concentrations of chromate and were suspected of being adulterated with "Urine Luck," an adulterant found to contain chromate. Two specimens suspected of being adulterated with bleach were found to only contain chloride, sulfate, and phosphate. CIE is applicable to forensic analysis of urine anion concentrations. CIE can easily quantitate numerous endogenous anions and offers a method to detect and/or confirm anion adulteration of urine specimens.     

应用斑点酶标法检测吸毒者尿液中常见毒品

目的建立吸毒者尿液中常见毒品的斑点酶标法检测分析方法。方法生物检材为尿液,采用免疫学酶标法理论和斑点酶标法的高通量技术,应用于人体尿液中常见毒品的检测。结果同时分析多人尿液中是否含有苯丙胺、巴比妥、天使尘、美沙酮及吗啡。尿液中的最低检测量达ng级。结论本方法可用于吸毒者尿液中常见毒品的检测分析。     

基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱分析生物样品中甲基苯丙胺

目的建立尿样和头发中甲基苯丙胺的基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱（matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF-MS）分析方法。方法尿样采用液液提取,头发经0.1mol/L盐酸水解后采用液液提取,以碳纳米管为基质应用MALDI-TOF-MS法检测。结果尿样中甲基苯丙胺的最低检测限（LOD）为0.5μg/mL,线线范围为线性范围为0.5～100μg/mL（R2=0.9970）;毛发中甲基苯丙胺的最低检测限（LOD）为0.4ng/mg,线性范围为0.4～60ng/mg（R2=0.9976）,对送检案例中尿样和头发检材进行检测,效果良好。结论本方法适用于尿样和头发中甲基苯丙胺的分析,与传统气相色谱质谱联用和液相色谱-质谱联用相比,分析速度更快,适合大批量样品同时分析。