China in the North Korean Nuclear Crises: ‘interest’ and ‘identity’ in foreign behavior

China reacted very differently to the first and second North Korean nuclear crisis: engaging in passive and ‘behind-the-scenes’ diplomacy in the first and choosing more proactive and ‘stage-managing’ diplomacy in the second. This article has sought to explain this striking contrast in China's foreign behavior. Though most studies tend to rely on Chinese strategic and security interests in explaining China's proactive diplomacy as demonstrated in the six-party talks, those strategic and security interests do not explain directly the contrasting foreign behavior of China. China faced basically equal strategic and security concerns and equally dangerous potential military conflict between the US and North Korea through the first and the second nuclear crises. This article, then, argues that ‘same interests, but different behaviors’ should be explained not by China's external interest calculus but by internal changes within China itself. By the turn of the new millennium, China had undergone an evolutionary change of state identity from a cautious accommodator to an active constructor, or from a state of ‘taoguang yanghui’ to a state of ‘fuzeren daguo’. The contrasting foreign behaviors in the first and second nuclear crises are profoundly reflective of this identity shift of China.     

MARKET WATCH

Major Economic Figures In January 2010 CPI In January,the consumer price index(CPI),a main gauge for inflation,rose 1.5 percent from a year earlier,the highest growth in nearly two years.     

More Power To Domestic Design

When the first nuclear power unit using Hualong One, the first China-designed reactor, started commercial operations on January 30, it heralded a series of breakthroughs. It symbolized progress in third-generation nuclear technology, propelling China into the rank of leading nuclear power technology providers such as the United States, France and Russia.     

西部大开发中的城乡结构与城市化发展

在西部大开发的战略性基点上 ,具有核心意义的问题不是区域经济问题而是民族发展问题。西部少数民族问题与农民问题的交织 ,使城乡结构调整与城市化发展成为实现西部大开发战略意义的最基本和最迫切的问题。应突破以往的城市化思路和模式 ,以制度创新作为整个战略选择的基点并把中等城市的发展作为主攻方向 ,才能真正实现西部大开发的战略性意义     

约束与局限：试述台湾核武器计划与美国的对策

1964年中国大陆成功进行第一次核试验后，台湾试图秘密研制核武器以改变现状。对此，美国一方面通过和平使用核能与台湾进行合作，另一方面则限制其不得从事浓缩铀的提炼以及核废料的后处理。然而在冷战的背景下，美国并未严格约束台湾研制核武器，导致台湾不断违背承诺。     

Rocking the Globe

Japan’s economy has taken the brunt of the beating following a triple disaster,but now the catastrophe’s ripples are hitting markets worldwide.Severed links in Japan’s logistics and infrastructure have led many manufacturers’electronic component productions to struggle to resume business,placing a burden on the global supply chain.This incident presented both challenges and opportunities to China.Imports and the nuclear power industry will take a blow,but exports will draw on Japan’s reconstruction efforts.Yan Kun,a senior researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,and Zhang Peng,an associate researcher with the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance,discussed these issues in a recent report.Edited excerpts follow     

The Spirit Lives On

正One international physicist-turned-farmer and her journey through life in China Joan Hinton never could have imagined that China would become the destination of her lifetime. She came, saw, experienced, anticipating more progress and development to occur nationwide, and then just ended up living here her whole life.     

The Olympic Effect on American Attitudes towards China: beyond personality,ideology, and media exposure

This paper explores the impact that increased exposure to China during the two and a half weeks of the Beijing Olympics had on American attitudes towards China. A large N longitudinal survey revealed a significant increase in negative attitudes towards China from the beginning to the end of August 2008. Statistical analysis revealed no dominant explanation for this change, however. Instead, personality (openness), ideology (social dominance orientation and right wing authoritarianism), and media exposure each had a small impact on changing attitudes. Further research (including a follow-up experiment manipulating the valence of media coverage of China) suggested both the possibility of an ‘efficiency effect’, whereby China's very success in both hosting and competing in the Olympics generated increased American anxiety about China, and a ‘cheating effect’, whereby stories about underage Chinese gymnasts and deception (e.g. lip synching while another child actually sang during the Opening Ceremonies) diffused broadly through social networks, uniformly and negatively impacting American attitudes towards China.     

Constructing Cooperation in Northeast Asia: historical Northeast Asian dyadic cultures and the potential for greater regional cooperation

What are the obstacles to greater cooperation in Northeast Asia and why have the nations of the region not been entirely successful in moving beyond history, toward greater cooperation? Conducting a brief survey of Northeast Asian IR and power alignment patterns from the Imperial/Dynastic era to the present, this essay utilizes the constructivist approach to assess regional alignment patterns in Northeast Asian history corresponding to six historical time periods, ranging from Ming China to the present. It does so by employing Wendt's system-level cultures of anarchy (Hobbesian, Lockean and Kantian cultures) at the dyadic/second level of analysis and the regional level of analysis (level 2.5), rating the various eras as to levels of cooperation vs enmity, with an eye to identifying the reasons for today's tension points. It concludes that despite such tension points and unresolved historical issues, anarchy in Northeast Asia today is not Hobbesian (enmity), but rather Lockean (rivalry). Consequently and first, war, nuclear proliferation and security spirals may be avoidable with proper sensitivity to the issues that continue to pose as obstacles to regional cooperation, including historical grievances, uncertainties over China's rise and the US role in the region, the North Korean nuclear issue and others. Second, attention to improving the dyadic cultures (China–Japan, South Korea–North Korea, etc.) that together comprise the region's relational culture (either Hobbesian, Lockean or Kantian) make greater regional cooperation possible and even more likely.     

FROM HUMBLE BEGINNINGS COMES GREATNESS

The story of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1921 is one of humble beginnings, when China was in shambles, dominated by foreigners, semi-feudalist, impoverished and run by corrupt warlords. Meeting in a traditional shikumen house in Shanghai, 13 men dedicated to the purpose of carrying out a Marxist-Leninist revolution designed to end imperialism within China and bring about both modernity and prosperity to the Chinese people, would change the course of China and the world forever. They believed that China had to change and that the Party was the instrument to achieve that change.     

中国少数民族高级领导干部发展分析

新中国成立前,少数民族身份对少数民族干部进入中共中央委员会所起的作用不大,新中国成立后,民族的代表性是个重大的政治问题,民族代表性的作用越来越明显。但每一少数民族占中国总人口比例与其在中共中央委员会中所占的比例并不一致,只有那些少数民族特征明显、集中聚居在边疆省份的具有较大影响力和具有地缘政治因素的民族才最有机会当选。改革开放以来,吸收少数民族高级领导干部的过程和条件已与汉族高级领导干部越来越相似。     

A Fantasy Land

I have been a doctoral student at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China since 2017. My studies in China give me the opportunity to explore a China different from the one I've seen on TV and read about in books. What happens in the university and the larger society has always been interesting to me. As I learned that this year marked the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, it reminded me that I had been here for several years, and inspired me to share my own experiences.     

毛泽东实现马克思主义中国化的逻辑理路

毛泽东成功地实现了马克思主义中国化第一次历史性飞跃。毛泽东实现马克思主义中国化的根本点在于科学对待马克思主义,其结合点在于准确把握中国国情,其生长点在于正确制定路线方针政策,其落脚点在于相信和依靠人民群众。以上逻辑进程,体现了马克思主义中国化的基本要求,蕴涵了马克思主义中国化的内在规律。     

毛泽东邓小平现代化思想差异及原因分析

毛泽东和邓小平在推进中国现代化进程中都做出了伟大的业绩,他们的现代化思想已经改变也还在改变着中国的面貌。但是他们的现代化思想又存在很大的差异,主要表现在中国现代化道路的取向、步骤的设定以及途径的选择等方面。造成这样差异的原因主要是由于两人在受中国传统文化熏陶的程度以及个人经历、时代主题、施展才华的侧重领域和个人性格的不同而产生的。     

Vaccine Diplomacy Vs.Vaccine Hostility

"Do a Google news search for‘vaccine diplomacy’:All the top results are about China.Do a Google news search for‘vaccine solidarity’:None of the top results are about China."This is what Carlos Martinez,a Londonbased social commentator,wrote when he retweeted a report by the Guardian newspaper that had"vaccine diplomacy"in the headline.     

Life With Esperanto

Li Shijun,a master in Esperanto,was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation by the Translators Association of China on December 2,2010.The award is the highest honor conferred to living translators in China.As a pioneer in Esperanto translation in China,Li is famous for his translation of many domestic and foreign masterpieces. Recently,Beijing Review reporter Zhou Xiaoyan had an exclusive interview with him and Li shared his story and suggestions for today’s young translators.     

Happy Bubbles

Changsha,capital city of Hunan Province in central China,has received a new tagline in recent years-a must-go place for milk tea lovers.Tu Liyuan,a 26-year-old employee of a public relations company in Beijing,made two journeys to Changsha,about six hours one-way by express train,in 2020.The purpose of the travels was to sip local milk tea.Modern China Tea Shop,the locally developed milk tea shop in Changsha,has over 300 branches in the city but had never expanded beyond it before December 2020.Those living outside Changsha had to travel there to taste it.     

美国"国有企业私有化抵消补贴"问题研究——兼论我国的对策

2005年美国修改反补贴法准备将反补贴法适用于我国。2006年起美国连续对我国出口产品实施九次反补贴调查。一个更大的威胁是：我国曾经是计划经济国家，国有企业接受过大量补贴。这些国有企业完成了私有化之后是否还继续享受补贴带来的利益呢？按照美国采用的三步骤法或同一主体法认定的话．回答将是肯定的。因此我国的策略是坚持WTO主张的独立交易法进行认定。     

国内外学界关于1949-1978年两岸关系的研究综述

台湾问题是中国的内政问题，1949年新中国成立以来，中国共产党与中国国民党围绕台湾问题进行了长达30年的武力对峙。在新中国成立的第一个30年内，对台政策是中国政府内政、外交生活的重要主题之一。数十年来，国内外学者对这一时期的两岸关系、对台政策、中美关系等进行了较为深人、丰富、细致的研究，为改革开放新时期“一国两制、和平统一”政策的出台，奠定了思想、政治和理论基础。     

Digging Into the Past

It was a day in October 1921 that a tall foreign man appeared in the small village of Yangshao, in Henan Province of central China. This Swedish geologist, Johan Gunnar Andersson, had originally been invited to China as a mining adviser in the 1910s. However, a few pieces of pottery brought back from this village by his Chinese assistant made him suspect the existence of something more precious than mines.