赋予刑事被害人康心权的思考

刑事被害人康心权是指遭受犯罪行为侵害后被害人所享有的康复其心理损害的权利;刑事被害人心理损害的症状多种多样,有必要针对其症状建立缓解心理压力、充分参与诉讼、保障实体权利等机制,以实现刑事被害人的康心权,维护社会和谐。     

论刑事被害人权利

本文在论述我国刑事被害人权利的特点和现行刑事被害人权利制度的内容后,提出了完善我国刑事被害人权利制度的建议。提出应赋予因犯罪行为而遭受精神损害的被害人提起附带民事诉讼的权利。     

论刑事被害人的知情权

“刑事被害人知情权”是指因受到犯罪行为侵害而使其人身或财物遭受损害的被害人依法所享有的知悉刑事诉讼中与其自身利益相关信息的权利，而义务机关负有应以合理方式提供信息并加以保障的义务。本文分为三个部分：第一部分是刑事被害人知情权概述；第二部分是我国刑事被害人知情权的保护现状；第三部分是我国刑事被害人知情权保护制度的建构。     

浅析我国刑事被害人保护制度

刑事被害人在刑事诉讼中的地位直接关系着其权利的保护状况和损害的弥补程度,保护被害人的诉讼权利有利于刑事诉讼架构的平衡,有助于实现刑事诉讼的公正,也是保护公民人权的必然要求。由于我国在刑事被害人保护方面存在缺陷,如何完善刑事被害人权利保护制度显得至关重要。     

我国刑事被害人民事赔偿权的缺陷与完善--兼评相关司法解释的合理性

我国刑事被害人的民事权利保护体系存在诸多漏洞。他们的民事赔偿权利被大量削减，最高人民法院用司法解释的形式变相剥夺了被害人提起附带民事诉讼的权利、被害人索赔精神损害赔偿金的权利、被害人及其遗属索赔残疾赔偿金、死亡赔偿金的权利。因此十分有必取消不公平的相关司法解释，恢复刑事被害人应有的民事赔偿权，并建立我国刑事被害人国家补偿制度，对补偿对象、补偿范围、补偿金额、补偿资金来源、补偿程序等分别作出明确规定。     

刑事被害人精神抚慰探微

在简要评述刑事法律及司法解释的基础上,即便整个刑事程序均有抚慰被害人精神的功能,但精神损害赔偿也不应当在刑事领域解决。不应强求附带民事诉讼具有解决刑事被害人精神损害的功能。因侵权和犯罪后果的差异,不应断然否定刑罚对被害人精神抚慰的功能。     

刑事被害人当事人化的反思与制度重构

刑事被害人当事人化的实质是犯罪损害追诉方式的公私合一,该制度设计混淆了公益和私益两种不同性质的诉讼,导致两种权益保护相互冲突进而对刑事司法结果公正造成负面影响。公私分离是刑事被害人去当事人化的当然制度选择,其立法对策主要包括在刑事立法中确立被害人为特殊诉讼参与人、废除被害人在刑事审判中就定罪量刑发表意见的权利、废止被害人刑事自诉权和切断其引起刑事二审、再审的程序路径。同时需要完善相关配套举措,如允许被害人对其物质和精神损害单独提起民事诉讼、完善精神损害赔偿制度、建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度等。     

完善刑事诉讼被害人权益保障途径

目前，我国对刑事被害人的研究只是刚刚起步，还没有建立起完整成熟的理论和保障体系。因此，在保障刑事被害人权益等方面还存在一些缺陷与不足。笔者认为，要健全刑事被害人制度，必须从我国的国情出发，全方位提高刑事被害人应有的权利，以彰显法律的正义价值。     

刑事被害人国家补偿的根基与出路

一、困境:刑事被害人——被遗忘的群体刑事被害人,是指合法权益遭受犯罪行为侵害的人。在刑事案件中,国家本应充分保护被害人的合法权益,但国家却经常以社会公益为借口而不同程度地忽视了被害人的权益保护。被害人往往只被视为调查取证的对象,无奈地成为刑事案件的旁观者,独自承受着犯罪所造成的物质损害和精神创伤,成为被社     

论刑事和解的公正性

刑事和解平衡了被害人、加害人与国家刑罚权的关系,有利于报应公正和犯罪预防和实现,具有正当性。对犯罪人的惩罚应当参考对被害人的实际损害,应当强调刑事和解对犯罪行为人的人格改造以及对被害人的精神康复,刑事和解应当具有公平性。通过建立犯罪被害人国家补偿制度,保障刑事和解的平等性。     

Trafficking in Nuclear Materials: Criminals and Terrorists

The essay examines the networks that facilitate the transport of nuclear materials from the source to their possible purchasers. Analyzing the role of prisons in criminal operations, the interaction of criminals and terrorists, and the character of new organized crime groups, the author concludes that some of the most serious nuclear smuggling is not random or opportunistic. Rather, the most serious trafficking is rarely detected because it is run by professionals whose well established smuggling networks, facilitated by corruption, have the capacity to move significant quantities of diverse contraband without apprehension. Technical solutions to address this problem are not sufficient because detectors cannot identify well guarded HEU. Rather, much more attention needs to be paid to the crime and terror networks that can facilitate this trade.     

违法性认识研究

违法性认识是刑法中的一个重要问题,在刑法理论上存在违法性认识要与不要两派观点的对峙。本文对违法性认识理论的演变过程进行了系统梳理,对大陆法系主要国家关于违法性认识立法的演变进行了阐述,重点分析了我国刑法理论中关于违法性认识的争论。作者认为,违法性认识是罪责的规范要素, 因而对于罪责的构成来说是必要的。当然,如何认定违法性认识是一个值得研究的问题。     

Integrating the American criminal justice and mental health service systems to focus on victimization

Although most research and policy in the mental health and criminal justice arenas have operated independently of one another, there is a growing consensus suggesting the need for an integration of these two disparate, yet complementary systems. Furthermore, in light of the adverse mental health consequences that often accompany victimization experiences, it is apparent that these two systems should develop and foster overlapping services for crime victims. The research reviewed herein provides an examination of issues such as these, identifies some of the barriers that stand in the way of a successful integration of the two systems, and attempts to provide some guidance and direction for future integrated mental health and criminal justice system approaches. An outline of research gaps and directions for future study are offered for the integration of criminal justice and mental health systems, as such collaborations are likely to alleviate some of the deleterious mental health outcomes evident among crime victims and at the same time reduce the occurrence of repeat victimization.     

论侵占罪与遗失物拾得制度之关联

侵占遗忘物罪是新《刑法》增设的一种罪。笔者通过对遗忘物与遗失物的对比,认为该罪的犯罪对象不应该是“遗忘物”而应该是“遗失物”。文章在对该罪侵占行为的过程进行考察的基础上,发现对该罪的认定必须以民法上的遗失物拾得制度为依据,该罪与遗失物拾得制度联系甚密。     

犯罪构成本体论

提出犯罪构成的本体问题,意在探究其本身的存在形式,这是目前关于构成体系究竟该"完善"或者"重构"之讨论最为基础性的理论问题,但多年来我国刑法学界对其尚无定论,所沿袭的通说观点甚至存有较大误解。本文在评析已有诸种学说的基础上,提出区分罪与非罪的唯一标准只能是刑法的规定,而犯罪构成仅为一种学者们自行解释法律的理论,是有助于"区分"的理论分析工具。     

有组织犯罪的刑事责任与刑罚问题研究

有组织犯罪已成为各国各地区立法、司法部门以及刑法理论界普遍关注的问题。本文主要就有组织犯罪的刑事责任 ,包括犯罪组织内部个人刑事责任的承担及犯罪组织的刑事责任问题进行了讨论 ,并对我国刑法关于有组织犯罪刑罚的规定提出了一些修改完善的建议。     

信用卡诈骗罪客观方面要件的认定探讨

信用卡是个舶来品。曾几何时 ,在很多国人脑海里 ,它还只是一个抽象的概念 ,转眼间却成了很多人日常生活中不可或缺的支付手段。信用卡在日常生活中的被广泛使用与人们对信用卡有关知识的相对缺乏 ,使得信用卡成为犯罪分子可以利用来进行犯罪活动的工具。本文从客观方面对信用卡诈骗罪的定性问题进行了研究     

The relationship between disorder,perceived risk,and collective efficacy: a look into the indirect pathways of the broken windows thesis

The broken windows thesis suggests that disorder is a key part of a cycle of community decline that leaves neighborhoods vulnerable to crime. Some recent research has challenged this thesis by finding limited support for a direct relationship between disorder and crime. However, others argued that such studies ignore the indirect pathways posited in the thesis. The current study sheds light on this debate by examining the relationships between disorder, fear of crime, and collective efficacy and finds support for the relationships suggested by the broken windows model. However, the findings also suggest that the model is overly simplistic and needs to consider other mediating factors in addition to fear. Additionally, the findings show that perceptions of disorder may have different impacts for residents of an area vs. people who work at a business in the area. Implications for theory and policy are discussed.     

The hegemonic narrative and the social construction of deviance: the case of the Black Hand

This essay examines Black Hand crime in the city of Chicago from 1892 to 1931. The Black Hand was a crude method of crime in which Italian immigrants and others were extorted for money. This research argues that much of what we know about Black Hand crime is a media construction. The method of analysis used to conduct this investigation involved the content analysis of 280 newspaper accounts of Black Hand crime. This essay also examines the institutional legacy of the Black Hand phenomenon and argues that the inappropriate linking of Black Hand crime to the Sicilian Mafia led to the development of the alien conspiracy theory, forever linking organized crime in American society to the Italian immigrant. This essay concludes that the media play an important role in defining the societal construction of crime. The findings also support the social constructionist argument that definitions of deviance are subjectively determined.     

侵犯商业秘密罪的立法不足及其完善探析

我国《刑法》对侵犯商业秘密罪的规制,在"商业秘密"概念、罪名体系、构成要件、刑罚配置以及诉讼制度等方面存在缺漏,不便于司法认定,也不符合TRIPs协议中有关规则.因此,笔者建议:制定专门的《商业秘密保护法》、将侵犯商业秘密罪规定为类罪名、取消第三人的过失犯本罪、设立证据转移制度、完善刑罚配置等,以便有效地对商业秘密实施刑事保护.