女精神病人的性防卫能力鉴定

目的　研究女性精神病人性防卫能力的特点和司法鉴定中应该注意的问题 ;方法　对过去 1 0年间鉴定过的 64例案例进行回顾总结 ;结果　性防卫能力丧失最常见于年轻的衰退期青春型精神分裂症病人、中度以上精神发育迟滞病人、首次发病的年轻轻型躁狂症病人 ,而其他类型的精神病人不容易发生性防卫能力丧失。结论　严重的智能障碍和情感障碍对于精神病人的性防卫能力的丧失有决定性作用 ;而且 ,病人对性行为的控制能力障碍对精神病人性防卫能力丧失有重要影响作用     

158例性防卫能力司法鉴定分析

<正>性自我防卫能力在二院三部颁布的《精神疾病司法鉴定暂行规定》(1989)第22条第l款规定“被鉴定人是女性,经鉴定患有精神疾病,在她的性不可侵犯权遭到侵害时,对自身所受侵害或严重后果缺乏实质性理解能力的,为无性自我防卫能力。”以及最高人民法院等《对当前办理强奸案件的有关补充规定》中的“明知妇女是精神病患者或痴呆者(程度严重的)而与之发生性关系的,不管犯罪分子采取什么手段,都应以强奸论处。”性自我防卫能力丧失或削弱,很容易导致女性精神病人被罪犯强奸,且长期不易被发现。近年来,随着人们法律意识的提高,女性精神病人在司法精神病鉴定业务中呈逐年增多的趋势。为减少此类案件的发生,切实维护女性精神病人的合法权益,本文对天津市司法精神病鉴定委员会158例女性被强奸的案例进行研究分析,报告如下。1对象与方法1.1对象2002年5月-2005年5月天津市司法精神病鉴定委员会鉴定,符合进行性自我防卫能力的女性精神病人158例。年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况,见表1。     

精神病人强制医疗问题的法律思考

精神病人的强制医疗涉及到他们的人身自由、社会安全及治安秩序,是一项重要的社会防卫措施。完善我国精神病人强制医疗制度,必须明确精神病人强制医疗责任主体及其职责,完善精神病人入住精神病院的相关程序,加强政府和社会对精神病人的关注和照顾,切实保护精神病人的合法权益,使他们更好的被社会接纳。     

强制医疗程序的实施与反思

＂强制医疗程序＂的＂社会防卫功能＂,不仅受到限制刑事责任能力精神病人和接受过治疗精神病人社会危害性的抑制,还会因＂被精神病＂现象而打折扣。破解此困境需从三方面入手：一是参照《精神卫生法》,将涉嫌犯罪的限制刑事责任能力精神病人,纳入＂非自愿性住院治疗＂范围;二是增加精神病治疗资源投入,强化＂强制医疗＂适用与解除的风险防范意识;三是堵塞《精神卫生法》中＂非自愿性住院治疗＂的漏洞,防止其成为＂被精神病＂新生代的寄生区。     

精神病人受审能力影响因素研究

目的探究精神病人受审能力的影响因素。方法对在四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院法医精神病学教研室进行法医精神病学鉴定的170名被鉴定人进行受审能力评定,评定研究对象的受审能力、精神症状,收集其人口学资料、犯罪学资料,采用统计描述、t检验、χ2检验、秩和检验和logistic回归分析等方法研究精神病人受审能力的影响因素。结果BPRS的思维障碍因子、激活性因子、PANSS的P分对受审能力具有显著影响;无受审能力组病理性和不明作案动机比例较高,且与有受审能力组相比差别具有统计学意义;无受审能力组言语智商低于有受审能力组,差别具有统计学意义;无受审能力组精神分裂症比例较高,差别具有统计学意义。结论BPRS的思维障碍因子、激活性因子、PANSS的P分、言语智商、精神疾病诊断、作案动机对精神病人受审能力具有一定影响。     

让阳光温暖心灵——记河北省第六人民医院院长栗克清

有一个特殊的弱势人群，他们因疾病症状支配发生危害自己、他人和社会的行为，他们因疾病折磨丧失了劳动能力和生活能力，他们很痛苦，很无助，需要特别的关爱。这个群体，就是重性精神病人。     

我国刑事强制医疗程序定位探析

明确刑事强制医疗程序的定位对该程序的制定、实施和完善至关重要。在法律定位上,刑事强制医疗程序是区别于普通刑事程序的特殊程序,且是一种刑事诉讼程序;在功能定位上,刑事强制医疗程序应当具有能够保障精神病人进入该程序、避免非精神病人为了逃避刑罚假冒精神病人、避免精神病人成为替罪羊、避免不必要的刑事强制医疗四个方面的功能;在价值定位上,刑事强制医疗程序除了具有防卫社会和使精神病人回归社会价值之外,还有公正性价值、经济效益价值。     

精神发育迟滞性防卫能力鉴定的若干问题

精神病人性自我防卫能力的鉴定,在司法精神医学鉴定中占有很大的比例,高达鉴定总例数的25.14%[1]。近年来,随着我国法制建设的不断发展,要求重新鉴定的案例也明显增加。但是,在精神发育迟滞者性自卫能力的具体评定上,学术上仍存在一些分歧,以至有些犯罪分子因二次鉴定结论不一致,逃脱了法律的惩罚。因此,有必要对精神病人性自我防卫能力司法鉴定的有关问题作进一步探讨。1智商值能不能作为诊断和评定的依据有人认为,智商值(IQ)是一个比较客观的诊断标准,精神发育迟滞的性被害人对检查比较顺从合作,因此IQ得分比较准确、客观,对鉴定诊断具…     

性自我防卫能力概念辨析及司法鉴定——兼评《精神障碍者性自我防卫能力评定指南》

司法部出台的《精神障碍者性自我防卫能力评定指南》(SF/T 0071—2020)统一了性自我防卫能力的概念、评定原则、评定依据和标准等,必将有力地推动性自我防卫能力鉴定的规范化,提高鉴定一致率。在实际工作中,对性自我防卫能力概念的理解以及与此相关的鉴定依据、标准的理解和把握等仍存在诸多分歧。本文拟在辨析性自我防卫能力概念的基础上,对该项鉴定的鉴定原则、注意事项等提出意见。     

警察职务防卫的正当性根基与规范完善——兼论《人民警察法》相关内容的修订

警察职务防卫行为的正当性在于其属于法令行为,是基于法益衡量的独立的违法阻却事由。"警察紧急权说"容易使警察职务防卫行为丧失规范约束,出现警察权的超法规扩张,进而损害不法侵害行为人的权益、破坏现代法治所追求的权力与权利之间的平衡。"正当防卫说"忽视了警察职务防卫行为的公权力属性,将其直接与正当防卫行为等同,容易使警察职务防卫行为丧失必要性和比例性约束,导致警察职务防卫走向极端化。应以"法令行为说"作为正当性基础,建构警察职务防卫的制度体系,为警察职务防卫提供规范支撑和制度保障。在立法层面,应在《刑法》第20条之后增设一条专门规定警察职务防卫免责的内容;在行政性法律、法规层面,应进一步细化《中华人民共和国人民警察法》和《人民警察使用警械和武器条例》中有关警察职务防卫的规定。     

服刑能力司法精神鉴定研究

为探索服刑能力鉴定的相关因素 ,对102例服刑能力评定的案例进行分析研究 ,以自制的“服刑环境适应调查表”进行调查比较。结果发现精神病性障碍及以往有精神异常史者无服刑能力比率较高 ,且服刑环境适应能力差     

合同纠纷中精神障碍者民事行为能力评定

目的寻找并确证合同纠纷中精神障碍者民事行为能力评定的考量的指标。方法回顾性收集合同纠纷中精神障碍民事行为能力评定案例中被鉴定人相关资料;对所提炼民事行为能力评定应当考量的6项指标,即处境认识、争端理解、结果认识、信息利用、环境功能和决定交流进行评定与分析。结果纳入与精神障碍者民事行为评定相关的合同纠纷案例56例,所有案例中民事行为能力均实行三级划分,即完全民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力、无民事行为能力。合同类型主要集中于两类,与房屋相关合同38例,劳动合同14例。经统计发现各考量指标与专家鉴定结论的相关性较高,相关系数0．703～0．834,6项指标内部相关性高,相关系数0．712～0．877。结论合同纠纷中精神障碍者民事行为能力可实行三级划分,上述6项指标对精神障碍者的民事行为评定具有较强代表性,可以此为基础进一步开展民事行为能力评定标准化和量化研究。     

试论精神病人的受审能力

本文讨论了受审能力的概念,针对精神病人的特点阐述了受审能力的评定标准,将中外有关此方面的立法和实践进行了对比,指出现阶段我国立法方法的不足之处,提出了根据国情对受审能力实行三分法的设想,并建议指定辩护制度应惠及精神病人以维护他们的诉讼权利。     

A replication study of obsessional followers and offenders with mental disorders

The purpose of this study was to compare certain demographic, clinical, and criminal variables within subgroups of obsessional followers, and compare them to a group of offenders with mental disorders to attempt to replicate earlier findings. A static group archival design utilized a non-random group of convenience and a randomly selected comparison group. Sixty-five obsessional followers and 65 offenders with mental disorders were evaluated by psychiatrists and psychologists for court ordered reasons during their criminal proceedings. Both groups were evaluated during the same period, in the same court diagnostic clinic, and generally for sentencing determinations. The obsessional followers were measured on demographic, diagnostic, pursuit, victim, threat, violence, emotional, motivational, and defense variables. Inferential comparisons that used parametric and nonparametric statistics were done within and between groups on select variables. The obsessional followers had significantly greater estimated IQ than the offenders with mental disorders, but were neither older nor better educated. There were no significant differences in the high prevalence of both DSM-IV Axis I and II diagnoses. Obsessional followers who stalked prior sexual intimates were significantly more likely to have a substance abuse or dependence diagnosis. Obsessional followers who stalked strangers or acquaintances were more likely to be delusional. The majority of the obsessional followers, primarily motivated by anger, both threatened and were violent toward person or property. The modal obsessional follower is an average or above IQ, unemployed, unmarried male in his fourth decade of life. chronically pursuing a prior sexually intimate female. He is diagnosed with substance abuse or dependence and a personality disorder NOS, and has a prior psychiatric, criminal and substance abuse history. He is angry, likely to threaten her, and assault her person or property without causing serious injury.     

The mental health needs of incarcerated youth in British Columbia, Canada

The purpose of the study was to identify the current prevalence of mental disorders and mental health needs among incarcerated male and female youths in Canada, and to present these data in the context of rates found in other jurisdictions. One hundred forty male and 65 female incarcerated young offenders in British Columbia were screened with the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 (MAYSI-2); provisional psychiatric diagnoses were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC-IV); abuse history and aggressive symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) were coded from file information. Nearly all youths (91.9% of males and 100% of females) met the criteria for at least one mental disorder. Substance abuse and dependence disorders were highly prevalent (85.5% of males and 100% of females). Aggressive forms of CD were common (72.9% of males and 84.3% of females), as were exposure to physical abuse (60.8% of males and 54.3% of females) and sexual abuse (21.2% of males and 42.4% of females). Female youths had significantly higher odds of presenting with: (1) substance abuse/dependence disorders; (2) current suicide ideation; (3) sexual abuse; (4) PTSD; (5) symptoms of depression and anxiety; (6) Oppositional Defiant Disorder; and (7) multiple mental disorder diagnoses. Male youths had significantly higher odds of presenting with aggressive symptoms of CD. Overall, rates of mental disorder among this sample of serious and violent young offenders were higher than rates previously reported for incarcerated youths — both in Canada and in other jurisdictions.     

Mining Electronic Health Records Data: Domestic Violence and Adverse Health Effects

Intimate partner violence (IPV) often culminates in acute physical injury, sexual assault, and mental health issues. It is crucial to understand the healthcare habits of victims to develop interventions that can drastically improve a victim’s quality of life and prevent future abuse. The objective of this study is to mine de-identified and aggregated Electronic Health Record data to identify women’s health issues that are potentially associated with IPV. In this study we compared health issues of female domestic abuse victims to female non-domestic abuse victims. The Domestic abuse population contained 5870 patients, while the Non-Domestic Abuse population contained 14,315,140 patients. Explorys provides National Big Data from the entire USA. Statistical analysis identified 2429 terms as significantly more prevalent among victims of domestic abuse, compared to the general population. These terms were classified into broad categories, including acute injury, chronic conditions, substance abuse, mental health, disorders, gynecological and pregnancy related problems.     

Mental health correlates of intimate partner violence in marital relationships in a nationally representative sample of males and females

It is important to understand the epidemiology of intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by both males and females. Data were drawn from the U.S. National Comorbidity Survey Replication. The relationships between physical IPV and child abuse, mental disorders, and suicidal ideation and attempts among males and females were examined. The results indicate that child sexual abuse was associated with IPV among males, whereas child physical and sexual abuse was associated with IPV among females. IPV was associated with poor mental health outcomes for males and females, although sex differences are noted. The sex differences indicate that females experience a wider range of poor mental health outcomes compared to males. Knowledge about correlates of IPV can be useful in identifying individuals exposed to violence. Further research is required to identify effective methods to reduce exposure to IPV and to adequately address the specific needs of male and female victims of IPV.