构建城乡统筹的基层党建新格局

统筹城乡基层党建工作，是工业化、城镇化、市场化快速推进提出的一个新课题。十七届三中全会根据十七大精神，适应城乡经济社会一体化发展的新趋势，第一次明确提出构建城乡统筹的基层党建新格局。近年来，本市认真贯彻中央要求，积极探索统筹城乡党建工作的有效途径，为全面推进基层党建工作注入了新的动力。     

城乡一体化刍议

城市与乡村有差别地发展,造成了城乡失衡的二元结构。城乡一体化就是要从整体上统筹城市与乡村,破解二元分割的格局。要实现城乡一体化的三个目标,注重城乡统筹发展,改变城乡发展局面;要切实推进户籍制度改革,实现进城农民工的市民化待遇;公共资源配置向农村倾斜,逐步缩小城乡差距,使城乡一体化真正成为我国经济转型和可持续发展的动力。     

中国城市化进程与城乡一体化发展

促进城乡一体化是我国城市化战略的重要组成部分。本文围绕城乡一体化的内涵、理论和实践经验进行研究，提出加快城乡一体化进程的思路，以期能对推进我国城市化进程有所助益。１．城乡一体化的内涵。城乡一体化，是从历史角度考察城乡关系而提出的经济与社会相结合的整体科学观念。城乡关系的变化是渐进的。在远古时代，并没有城市与农村之分，但在原始社会向奴隶社会发展的过程中，人类劳动出现了三次大分工，使居民点分化成城镇，引起城乡分离。我国的许多学者，正是从城乡分离走向城乡交流和开放，而提出城乡一体化的概念，把城乡一体化…     

城乡融合视野下的城乡一体化

从城乡融合的视野把握和推进城乡一体化,关乎城乡一体化的路径选择及其实践成效。在城乡融合视野下推进城乡一体化,要明确实现城乡融合是城乡一体化的目标,发展是实现城乡融合的第一要务,破除城乡二元结构是实现城乡融合的关键,城乡统筹是实现城乡融合的基本方法,制度创新是实现城乡融合的重要保障。     

论城乡一体化进程中的新型城乡形态

“十二五”及未来更长时期,中国城乡一体化的顺利推进需要我们认真借鉴其它国家城市化和农村发展的经验,更重要的是根植于现阶段中国城乡发展现实的创造性思维,以城乡经济发展为根本动力,保持城乡区域经济社会实现可持续发展和科学发展,基于立足城乡发展实践的切实可行的发展战略和策略,中国才能有效应对城乡发展过程中出现的各种问题,最终通过新型城乡形态发展打破旧有城乡二元结构进而促进城乡统筹一体化发展目标的实现.     

努力构建城乡党建一体化工作新格局

党的十七大提出了“建立健全城乡党的基层组织互帮互助机制”的新要求，为构建城乡党建工作一体化工作指明了方向。近年来，酒泉市围绕实施城乡一体化发展战略。根据县市城乡一体化日益加快的实际，立足科学发展，坚持改革创新，积极探索推进城乡党建一体化的有效途径和活动载体，初步形成了以城带乡、城乡互动、区域联动、资源共享的基层党建工作新格局，为贯彻落实党的十七大精神，统筹城乡和谐发展提供了良好的组织保证。     

全面构建统筹城乡发展的长效机制

统筹城乡经济社会发展,积极推进城镇化是构建社会主义和谐社会的“民心工程”、战略工程和基础工程。把推进城镇化与构建和谐社会统一起来,需要构建财政支持和“反哺农业”的机制;构建农业产业化的良性运行机制;构建城乡统一的社会流动机制以及就业机制和动力机制;构建完善的城乡社会保障机制;构建城乡一体化的人与自然和谐的机制。     

论城乡党组织发展一体化

城乡党组织发展一体化就是顺应城乡经济社会发展一体化,加强城乡党组织之间的交流与协作,把城乡党组织发展成为一个开放互通、相互渗透、相互融合、相互促进、高度依存、协调共荣的统一体;推进城乡党组织发展一体化,就要顺应城乡经济社会发展一体化,走"组织融合;制度融合;资源融合;文化融合"的推进路径;各级党组织只有率先推进城乡党组织发展一体化,才能引领城乡经济社会发展一体化,党管农村工作才能得到真正坚持。     

论中国城乡二元体制的变迁

城乡二元体制是导致我国城乡二元结构的制度根源。只有破除城乡二元体制,才能有力地促进我国城乡一体化发展,加速城乡结构由"二元"向"一元"的转型,最终实现经济社会的和谐健康发展。从目前我国的现实条件出发,破除城乡二元体制,应积极推进以下制度创新,推进城乡资源均衡化,推进城乡公共服务均等化,推进城乡就业制度一体化,深化户籍制度改革。     

深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于健全城乡发展一体化体制机制的重要讲话精神

<正>4月30日,中共中央政治局就健全城乡发展一体化体制机制进行第二十二次集体学习,习近平总书记在主持学习时强调,加快推进城乡发展一体化,是党的十八大提出的战略任务,也是落实"四个全面"战略布局的必然要求。全面建成小康社会,最艰巨最繁重的任务在农村特别是农村贫困地区。我们一定要抓紧工作、加大投入,努力在统筹城乡关系上取得重大突破,特别是要在破解城乡二元结构、推进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置上取得重大突破,给农村发展注入新的动力,让广大农民平等参与改革发展进     

加快调整二元结构大力促进城乡一体化--对北京城市化问题的分析与思考

本文客观评价了目前北京城市化所处水平,指出当前北京城市化进程中主要面临的问题,提出了加快二元结构调整、促进城乡一体化的两点思路:一是调整空间布局,疏解中心功能,增强郊区发展动力,优化城区发展环境;二是加强域外合作,促进资源整合,构建都市经济圈,联动城乡一体化.     

成都统筹城乡户籍制度改革研究

成都统筹城乡户籍制度改革,是新中国成立以来最大规模的户籍制度改革。它以实现城乡统筹为目标,欲构建城乡一体的新形态,建立城乡均等的公共服务保障体系,城乡互动,共同发展。成都改革存在经济实力不强、法律政策体系不完善、农民问题和农村产权等需要解决的问题。统筹城乡发展和户籍制度改革是一个综合的过程,需要大力提升农村经济实力,加快户籍改革立法进程,规范农村产权流转,培育市民文化,各方面共同发展,相互促进以实现成都经济社会发展一体化。     

中国现代化进程与新农村建设

新时期中国的现代化在取得巨大成就的同时也表现出相当严重的发展失衡状态,城乡发展失衡尤为突出,农村长期被边缘化。建设社会主义新农村,是矫正中国现代化发展严重不平衡状态的重大战略举措;是促使我国现代化在新阶段实现协调、平衡发展,逐步走向成熟的必然要求;也是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化基本价值诉求的体现。在现阶段,国家的大力帮助和扶持是新农村建设的必要前提;以技术化为核心的农业现代化是新农村建设的主要着力点;调整城市化战略是新农村建设有效推进的重要条件。     

当代中国经济社会变动与人大代表选举中城乡人口比例政策的演进

在人大代表选举中实行城乡人口比例政策,是我国普选产生人大代表的历史条件所要求的。在一定时期内按不同人口比例配备代表,不但反映了共和国国体的本质,而且标志着国家工业化的发展方向。随着中国经济体制改革、城市化、工业化和城乡一体化的发展,以及城乡人口的融合,城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表的条件已基本成熟。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来实行普选的过程,一定意义上是个逐步实现城乡按相同人口比例选举人大代表的政策制定、调整及其实践的过程。在这一过程中,城镇化和非农业人口的发展,成为推动城乡人口比例政策改进和发展的主要经济社会动因。     

城乡经济社会一体化问题研究

党的十七大报告在阐述和部署社会主义新农村建设任务时明确提出,要建立以工促农、以城带乡长效机制,形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局。目前城乡经济社会一体化还存在一些问题,通过调整对农政策、加强基础设施建设、发展农村公共事业和加快小城镇建设等途径可以缩小城乡差距。     

双重互构逻辑下中国城乡关系的演进规律与时代抉择--基于马克思恩格斯城乡融合思想的分析

新中国成立70余年来,城乡关系从分离、差别到二元结构的固化,再至城乡关系的融合发展,这个历史进程部分地践行了马克思恩格斯的城乡融合思想,二者在理论与实践层面实现了首次互构。新时代的城乡关系已然出现了新的变化,而新马克思主义学派也继承更新了马克思主义的理论和方法,重构了空间理论,进一步延展了马克思恩格斯的城乡融合思想,城乡关系的新变化与马克思恩格斯城乡融合思想的动态演进之间实现了二次互构。基于二者双重互构的逻辑,城乡关系的融合与创新发展应汲取马克思恩格斯城乡融合思想的时代精髓:尊重城乡发展的基本规律,规范资本与“人本”的界域;彻底翻转城乡不对等的理念,积极促成城乡资源要素的自由流动;变革城乡融合发展的相关体制与机制,致力于城乡公共服务的均等化及向乡村领域的延伸;实现乡村振兴战略、巩固脱贫攻坚成果及城乡融合发展的三元共振,推进城乡融合发展迈入新阶段。     

Fertility in rural and urban areas of Mexico

Data from 6 fertility surveys conducted in Mexico between 1969-87 were used to compare rural and urban fertility and to determine whether a significant level of contraceptive usage could be achieved in rural areas despite their lack of socioeconomic development. Age-specific marital fertility rates were calculated for the 4 national-level and 2 rural fertility surveys. The index of fertility control developed by Coale and Trussel was calculated for rural, urban, and all areas. The marital total fertility rate in rural areas declined from 10.6 in 1970 to 7.4 in 1982, a decline of 2.5% annually. From 1982-87 the annual rate of decline in rural fertility slowed to 1.6%, reaching 6.8 children in 1987. The urban marital total fertility rate declined from 7.72 in 1976 to 5.03 in 1987, while the marital total fertility rate for Mexico as a whole declined from 9.04 in 1976 to 5.85 in 1987. The indices of fertility control showed slowly increasing use of contraception in rural areas starting from the very low level of 1969. The urban index of fertility control showed some contraceptive use for all age groups in all surveys. The increases in contraceptive usage were considerable in rural areas from 1976-82 and much less marked in urban areas. From 1982-87 the inverse was observed and the fertility decline in urban areas was more marked. The condition of natural fertility found in rural areas in 1969 subsequently disappeared. Over time, fertility decline and use of contraception have intensified. Contraception is widely practiced in urban areas and is continuing to become more prevalent. The rural fertility decline in 1976-82 suggests that at least sometimes increases in fertility control are more important in rural areas than in urban areas. The theory of modernization, which holds that fertility decline in developed countries is attributable to factors associated with the process of modernization, thus comes into question. However, it is probable that a sustained fertility decline in the most depressed rural areas will be achieved only with substantial socioeconomic change.     

公共产品、政府职责与维护农民工权益

公共产品具有的非排他性和非竞争性的基本特征决定了政府提供公共产品必须公平、公正;而目前农民工享受公共产品的现状却是严重不足,权益受损;二元社会经济结构的延续、制度改革的艰难以及公平观念的弱化是这一现象产生的原因;转变政府职能、建立“公共服务型”政府,调整利益分配机制,制定完善政府公共服务法律法规,落实以人为本的科学发展观,坚持城乡一体化的发展方向是维护农民工合法权益必须采取的对策。     

Women with high fertility in Mexico: orientations for a population policy

The characteristics and correlates of high fertility women in Mexico were assessed for different age and residential groups with data from the National Demographic Survey of 1982. This survey included information on rural, urban and metropolitan Mexican women aged 15-49 years who had ever been in union. Rural areas were defined as those with fewer than 20,000 inhabitants. Metropolitan areas were Guadalajara, Monterrey, and Mexico City. High fertility was defined for the purpose of this study as at least 2 live births for women 15-19, 3 for women 20-24, 4 for those 25-29, 5 for those 30-34, 6 for those 35-39, and 7 for those 40-49. According to this definition about 40% of Mexican women are high fertility, with proportions ranging from about 1/3 of those 20-29 to half of those 35-49 years old. High fertility is about twice as common in women 15-19 in rural areas as in urban and metropolitan areas of Mexico. 10% of rural women aged 20-24 already have 5 children, compared to less than 1% of metropolitan women and under 3% of women in other urban areas. By age 45-49, 31% of rural women, 20% of other urban women, and 15% of metropolitan women have 10 or more children. 13% in all areas have 2 or 3. Large proportions of rural women in all age groups are high fertility, with the difference especially marked at young ages. The data on contraceptive usage indicate that high fertility women are among the increasing numbers of Mexican women attempting to control their family size. 10% of high fertility women in rural areas are sterilized and another 10% use oral contraceptives. Injectables and traditional methods share 3rd place. IUDs are almost nonexistent in rural areas. In urban and metropolitan zones about 1/4 of high fertility women have been sterilized. About 10% use pills. Traditional methods and IUDs are in 3rd place for urban women while injectables occupy 3rd place for metropolitan women. Except among women 30-34, about 70% of sterilizations in rural areas are in high fertility women. The data demonstrate the growing acceptance of family planning in rural as well as in urban areas. In 1969, only 10% of rural women in union had ever used a contraceptive method. The 43.1% of Mexican women with little or no schooling contribute 63% of the high fertility. High fertility women are overrepresented in the lowest educational stratum in all age groups. Methodological difficulties arise in comparing the fertility performance of different social groups. It appears however that agricultural workers and unsalaried self-employed workers contribute a disproportionate share of high fertility.     

Policy coordination in the European metropolis: A meta-analysis

A major concern of the ongoing metropolitan debate is the growing need for policy coordination in urban areas. By means of a meta-analysis of 17 case studies regarding the integration of urban transport and land use policies in Western Europe, the present article focuses on the institutional conditions for policy coordination in metropolitan areas. For this purpose, hypotheses are derived from the two classic schools of the metropolitan debate: on the one hand the progressive model that stands for direct public service production by centralised and professionalised bureaucracies within consolidated municipalities, and on the other hand the public choice model that stands for a decentralised, non-professional, and politically dependent administration in fragmented urban areas. The results of a Qualitative Comparative Analysis show that well coordinated policy decisions are only implemented in institutional settings that correspond with the progressive model, thus promoting this model rather than the public choice model.