当前我国服务型政府建设中存在的问题与对策分析

建设服务型政府是应时经济全球化,适应加入WTO新形势的迫切需要.服务型政府代表了一种全新的政府管理理念和管理模式,它要求政府从施政理念、管理体制、运行机制、管理方式、管理手段等各个方面实现从传统向现代的转型和变革.为此,要从政府管理理念、管理职能、管理方式等方面加强制度和机制建设,以期加快政府职能转变.     

我国政府经济管理职能转变问题研究

针对当前我国政府经济管理职能的范围仍过宽过大、各级政府履行经济管理职能的随意性较大、趋利化动机严重等问题,当务之急是破除阻滞我国政府经济管理职能转变的体制障碍,加快生产要素价格机制、财政税收体制、投资体制机制和金融体制等改革进程。进一步转变我国政府经济管理职能的关键在于：大力推进政府经济管理职能的制度创新,不断健全和完善政府宏观经济管理职能,持续增强政府微观经济监管及服务职能,加快政府对外经济管理职能的创新步伐。     

入世后我国政府的管理和服务职能

我国入世以后,大量的经济法律规范需要重新制定或进行修正,以适应WTO机制的要求。我国政府机构是执行这些经济法律规范的主导者,为了适应这种新的变化,我们很有必要对“WTO机制下的我国政府机构职能”进行研究,以促进我国政治、经济、文化等方面的健康发展。     

论“入世”后县级政府管理经济的创新理念

加入WTO后,县级政府应进一步解放思想,深化改革,树立创新理念,主动适应"入世"后经济调节机制的变化,有效地回避风险,实现县级政府管理经济模式的创新.     

加入WTO与中国行政法治的革命

WTO规则主要是行政法规则,是对政府行为和行政法治的要求.与WTO的要求相比,我国行政法体系还不完善,行政行为失范、武断、低效等仍较突出,急需按照WTO的要求,优选与创新WTO在中国的宪法性适用制度,梳理与创制行政法律规范,优化与创新行政执法机制,转变与更新行政法治观念,从而促进我国社会经济和行政法治的新发展.     

论入世后政府职能的转变

入世其实就是政府入世。本文结合WTO的基本原则和我国政府的入世承诺,探讨了在加入WTO后,我国政府在治理理念、法制体系建设、行政透明度及经济管理能力等方面所面临的挑战,提出了要准确定位政府角色、依法行政、建立政府信用机制和不断加强政府的经济管理能力,从而在此基础上努力实现政府职能的战略性转变。     

WTO对中国行政法治建设的影响

WTO的规则和原则体系确立了国际贸易的管理框架和一整套法律和纪律。WTO的绝大部分规则是以政府的行为为内容并以政府的管理活动为对象。由此 ,WTO与我国的行政法治建设密切相关。文章分析了WTO与我国的宪法性制度 ,行政权作用方式的转变 ,行政行为的公开 ,政府对公民、法人和其他组织合法权益的保障 ,行政行为的司法审查以及行政法学研究的创新和公务员制度改革等七方面的关系 ,初步揭示了WTO对我国行政法治建设的影响。     

建立学习型政府的思考

本文首先分析了我国学习型政府建设的必要性,指出随着中国加入WTO,对政府管理提出了更高要求,要建立适应全球性市场要求的新型政府;然后依据政府管理创新体系,提出了建立学习型政府组织的基本要素。     

入世与中国行政体制改革

中国加入WTO后，各个方面都会受到全球经济的冲击。而作为政府部门，由于历史的原因，有很多方面不适应WTO规则的要求，行政体制改革势在必行。本文试图从政企关系、政府经济职能、政府运作程序、政府本身和公务员素质等四个方面对中国的行政体制改革如何适应WTO规则作出阐述，从而使这一问题得到一些解释，使我国政府能积极应对入世挑战。     

经济全球化与我国政府管理体制的创新

随着经济全球化的到来,人类社会将进入一个快速变化的新世纪,世界各国也面临着新的发展机遇和前所未有的挑战。尤其作为一个后发型现代化、典型的发展中国家,中国要成功实施跨越式发展战略,在经济全球化激烈竞争中立稳阵脚,就必须进行政府管理体制的改革和创新。适应经济全球化,重塑行政文化、转变政府职能、重构政府组织结构体系、创新政府运作机制、改进政府管理方式,推进我国政府管理体制创新。     

Fatal poisoning in drug addicts in the Nordic countries in 2007

The frequency of medico-legally examined fatal poisonings in 2007 among drug addicts was investigated in five Nordic countries; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The number of deaths, age, sex, place of death, main intoxicant, and other drugs present in blood samples were recorded to obtain national and comparable Nordic data, as well as data to compare with earlier studies in 2002, 1997, and 1991. Norway had the highest incidence of drug addict deaths by poisoning followed by Denmark, with 8.24 and 6.92 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The death rates in Finland (4.02), Iceland (4.56), and Sweden (3.53) were about half that of Norway and Denmark. Compared with earlier studies, the death rates were unchanged in Denmark and Norway, but increased in Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. In all countries, fewer deaths (29-35%) were recorded in the capital area compared with earlier studies. Females accounted for 11-19% of the fatal poisonings. Iceland deviates with a more equal distribution between men and women (40%). Deaths from methadone overdoses increased in all Nordic countries, and methadone was the main intoxicant in Denmark in 2007, accounting for 51% of the poisonings. In Norway and Sweden, heroin/morphine was still the main intoxicant with a frequency of 68% and 48%, respectively. In Iceland, 3 deaths each were due to heroin/morphine and methadone, respectively. Finland differs from other Nordic countries in having a high number of poisonings caused by buprenorphine and very few caused by heroin/morphine. The total number of buprenorphine deaths in Finland doubled from 16 in 2002 to 32 in 2007, where it constituted 25% of deaths. The general toxicological screening program showed widespread multi-drug use in all countries. The median number of drugs per case varied from 3 to 5. The most frequently detected substances were heroin/morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, amphetamine, cocaine, tetrahydrocannabinol, benzodiazepines and ethanol.     

Trustees in Cyprus regulated in 2007

Trust and company service providers in Cyprus are followingin the footsteps of their European counterparts and will toobe regulated at the beginning of 2007.     

Differences in female and male involvement in lethal violence in Russia

Relatively little is known of the distributions of homicide event characteristics in non-Western nations in which women relative to men are involved. This article utilizes unique homicide narratives drawn from Russian court and police records to compare homicide victim, offender, and event characteristics by sex of victim and separately by sex of offender. Results from logistic regression show that homicides in which a female was the victim or offender were more likely to occur between intimates and to occur in the home, whereas homicides involving males were more likely to occur in a public place, to be alcohol-related, to involve a firearm, and to involve a victim and offender who did not know each other well. These results not only present an important first glimpse at women as homicide victims and offenders in Russia specifically, but also provide a point of comparison with findings from similar analyses undertaken in the West, and present further initial observations upon which to construct a cohesive theory about female involvement in serious violent events.     

Trends in Non-Muslim Divorces in Singapore

This article examines the trends and patterns in the way thesecular divorce law has been utilized by couples in Singaporeseeking to end their marriage. Social and demographic featuresof the divorcing couples, as well as the ‘fact’relied on in support of their divorce petitions, are studiedand compared to earlier analyses. It is found that while somepatterns observed by earlier researchers have remained intact,others have changed. This article suggests explanations forthese observed patterns and contributes to the discussion onwhether and how the divorce law can be improved in Singaporeand elsewhere.     

论述二十世纪九十年代美国的犯罪问题

在20世纪90年代,犯罪已成为美国社会所面临的一个严峻的问题。集团、枪支、烈性酒、毒品是引发犯罪的重要因素。各类犯罪影响了美国社会的正常秩序,给受害者带来了物质和精神上的痛苦。研究20世纪90年代美国的犯罪问题可以为我国今天打击、预防犯罪提供一些借鉴。     

癫痫的神经病理学研究进展

癫是一种常见的脑疾病,可引起猝死,以往人们侧重于对癫脑电活动的研究,而近年来癫的神经病理学研究已成为临床和法医工作者的一个研究热点。本文依据一系列文献资料分别从癫的发育障碍、瘤性异常增殖、海马硬化、双重病理改变、苔藓纤维发芽等神经病理学变化方面进行综述,进而探讨其法医学意义,希望对癫猝死的法医病理学诊断提供一定的帮助。     

2008年中国法治亮点巡礼

2008年，是中国法治进程稳步推进和稳健发展的一年，也是法治亮点频频闪现的一年。2008年的立法景观依然多姿多彩，科学立法、民主立法继续推进，公民对立法工作的有序参与进一步扩大，已出台的十一届全国人大常委会立法规划值得人们期待。此外，实施不久的《政府信息公开条例》、全面开展的监狱体制改革，以及此起彼伏的问责风暴等都是值得我们关注的法治亮点。