增权理念在社区精神康复服务中的运用

增权是社会工作领域中的一个重要概念,我国目前有关增权理念的运用主要集中于青少年工作和老年工作,在其他服务的应用和研究都较少,本文主要在个人实践的基础上,对增权理念在社区精神康复服务中的运用进行阐述。     

现代司法理念与侦监工作科学发展

正西方哲学家们曾对"理念"作出过多种精辟的解释,康德认为理念是超越经验的概念,称为理性的理念,必须设定的理想[1]。理念作为实践的先导,是实践活动的理论基础和价值取向,并对实践活动起指导作用。司法理念就是贯穿于司法实践活动的全过程,深藏于制度的构建中,指导和实现司法公正的价值追求和基本原则。现代司法理念随着时代的发展、社会的     

论司法和谐及其实现

最高人民法院提出的司法和谐理念,极大地丰富了构建社会主义和谐社会的理论与实践。在论述司法和谐的概念和构成要素,探索司法和谐的基本价值的基础上,分析了当前影响司法和谐的主要因素,并提出了实现司法和谐的若干构想,以期有助于司法和谐之理论深化与制度构建。     

专业社会工作者在公办社会服务机构中发展的困境与思考——基于Ⅹ市流浪儿童救助站的个案分析

随着我国社会工作职业化和专业化的推进,特别是制度的强行规定,使得专业社会工作者从以前难以进入公办社会服务机构发展到有限制进入这样一个阶段,具有一定的进步意义。但专业社会工作者在进入这些公办社会服务机构之后,面临专业价值理念与机构目标定位冲突、工作理念方法与机构原有工作人员磨合困难、机构领导对其角色定位狭隘等困境,值得我们进一步思考。     

检察机关维护公平正义必须走出十个误区

公平正义是社会主义法治的基本价值取向,长期以来,由于指导司法实践的法治理念处于一个探索、演变的过程,使司法实践中存在与公平正义法治理念不相一致的执法误区。本文探讨了当前在司法机关特别是检察机关中存在的十个执法误区及需要树立的新的执法理念。     

逻辑判断在检察工作中的应用

逻辑判断理论,无论是在逻辑学理论中,还是在各项司法实践中,都具有较高的研究价值。逻辑判断理论研究,可以运用于指导侦查、诉讼、审判等实践活动;另一方面,司法实践的发展,亦可以为理论研究提供更具价值的法律事例。本文从检察环节的逻辑判断入手,分析了逻辑判断在司法实践中的运用。     

走向更加公正的时代——略论对弱势群体的司法救助

弱势群体是改革开放二十年来形成的特殊阶层,在建设社会主义和谐社会过程中,需要动员全社会的力量为弱势群体提供救助,帮助弱势群体脱离贫困、无助的状态,共同享受改革开放的成果。在司法领域,为弱势群体提供司法救助是缓和社会矛盾、保障基本人权、实现公平正义的必要措施,司法机构对此肩负着重要的责任。本文结合司法实践的有关经验,对我国现有的司法救助制度以及其实施情况进行了总结和反思,并对司法机构进一步加强司法救助工作提出了自己的见解和若干建议。     

少年司法与社会工作的整合——以少年法庭法官的"非审判事务"为论证中心

中国现行少年司法制度的"小刑事司法"结构设计,不允许少年法官的过渡"社会工作者化",但是少年法官吸收社会工作的理念与方法是十分必要的,而在公民社会尚不发达的情况下,基于"教育、感化、挽救"罪错少年的需要,少年法官从事"非审判事务"也有其合理性和必然性的一面.不过,中国少年司法与社会工作整合的方向应当是建立以专业性的社会工作为主体的少年观护体系,由专业性的社会工作者和完善的志愿者队伍,分担少年法官的非审判事务,为少年司法实现"教育、感化、挽救"的价值诉求提供专业性的社会支持.     

司法利益衡量论探析

司法利益衡量论批判否定了法律形式主义僵化机械的法律思维方法,引发了法律本体论、法律认识论、法律方法论和法律价值论等诸多领域的深刻理论变革。司法利益衡量论强调法官在司法裁判过程中的主动性和创造性的发挥,从而使法官的价值判断从法律规则、法律逻辑的束缚中挣脱出来,对于维护司法公正具有积极的理论和实践价值.     

现代刑事司法理念之构建

刑事司法理念是刑事司法的基础,是司法者的价值取向,正确的刑事司法理念对于保障在全社会实现公平和正义起着至关重要的作用。当前,刑事司法从观念到实践正在发生着深刻的变化,对司法体制改革的方向、目标、权力配置、司法职能划分等产生着不可忽视的影响。本文对我国刑事司法理念进行一些反思与探讨,以期对构建现代刑事司法理念有所参考。(一)理念是人们头脑中对客观事物及其发展规律的理性认识、观念和原则。根据辩证唯物主义物质与意识关系问题的原理,客观实践决定理念的内涵,理念反作用于实践,正确的理念对实践发挥有力的促进作用,错误…     

La justicia social y la globalización monetarista

The author analyzes the doctrinal concept of social justice, in light of the ILO at its 75th anniversary, in which he was questioned their future, like a universal postulate. Whither goes the job? Social justice as a principle and aspiration of the right amount of work trying to promote and preserve decent existence of the community by imposing human values to all speculative consideration, commercial or financial information, proposed by globalization.     

Justice and intergenerational relations: An introduction

Gerontologists have rarely considered the concept of social justice in their research. Instead, related but more specific questions about the social situation of the aged have been posed. This paper provides an overview of existing social psychological literature on justice and intergenerational relations as a context for the five other papers contained in this issue. The importance of intergenerational justice within the family, particularly when there is a caretaking relationship, is stressed. As well, the policy implications of a concern with intergenerational justice are considered. The Paper concludes with a recommendation that gerontology and social justice research be integrated more frequently in order to enrich both fields of study.     

Public Health as Social Justice? A Qualitative Study of Public Health Policy-Makers’ Perspectives

Social justice is often described as the ‘foundation of public health.’ Yet, outside of the theoretical literature the polysemous nature of the concept is rarely acknowledged. To complement recent contributions to normative theory specifically motivated by questions of social justice in public health, this study explores public health policy-makers’ perspectives on the meaning and role of social justice in their practice. This study involved twenty qualitative, semi-structured interviews with public health policy-makers recruited from two programmatic areas of public health [chronic disease prevention (CDP) and public health emergency preparedness and response (PHEPR)] within public health organizations in Canada. Participants’ perspectives appeared to be influenced by the perceived goals belonging to the programmatic area of public health in which they practiced. Those involved in PHEPR indicated that justice-based considerations are viewed as a ‘constraint’ on the aims of this area of practice, which are to minimize overall morbidity and mortality, whereas those involved in CDP indicated that justice-based considerations are ‘part and parcel’ of their work, which seeks primarily to address the unique health needs of (and thus, disparities between) population groups. The aims and activities of different programmatic areas of public health may influence the way in which social justice is perceived in practice. More ought to be done (in theory and in practice) to interrogate how the unique contributions that individual programmatic areas of public health can and should cohere in order to realize the broader aim that public health has as an institution to promote social justice.

     

American social work, corrections and restorative justice: an appraisal

Social work played an active role in American corrections until the 1980s when the ethic of rehabilitation began to give way to a more conservative doctrine of retribution. Changes in the field of social work, characterized by preference of social workers to work only with certain populations, contributed to social work's diminishment in corrections. Although efforts at rehabilitation continue in corrections, the concept of restorative justice that emphasizes assisting victims, communities, and offenders in dealing with the consequences of crime is gaining acceptance in the field of corrections in the United States and in other countries. This study explored social work's presence in corrections, the decline of that presence, and how the concept of restorative justice can invigorate social work within the field of corrections. Several examples of social work's contemporary efforts to use the concept of restorative justice in the United Kingdom are presented.     

从社群主义拯救罪错少年——恢复性少年司法及其社区参与

少年司法固有的福利模式和刑事模式均无法单一地解决少年犯罪的问题,因而受到学界的批评.同时,以恢复社会关系,促进罪错少年回归社会为目标的恢复性少年司法似乎正在成为少年司法的“第三条道路”.从社会变迁的角度看,社会、社群和社区的发展变化对少年司法制度的发展具有巨大的影响力.我国的城市化和市民社会正处于迅速发展的阶段,社会、社群、社区的发展驱动了具有恢复性少年司法因素的少年司法的发展,这体现了社群主义的价值底蕴.我国不少地方的司法机关进行了恢复性少年司法的探索,其各个阶段均具有社区参与的因素.从社会发展的趋势看,城市化和市民社会的发展使恢复性少年司法的社区参与具有广阔的前景.     

Wither Criminal Justice? An Argument for a Reformed Discipline

The American criminal justice system fails to achieve justice, reduce crime, and provide equal protection to Americans regardless of their social class, race, and gender. But, criminal justice as an academic area of study has become a popular and fast growing liberal arts major in the United States, churning out tens of thousands to work in the criminal justice system. Given the demonstrable harms caused by criminal justice, which are suffered disproportionately by the least powerful people, academic criminologists and criminal justicians have the obligation to promote a reformed discipline. This article briefly summarizes the evidence of bias in the criminal justice system and then turns to how these biases relate to criminal justice as an academic discipline. Using the war on drugs as an example, I argue that the practice of criminal justice as an academic endeavor runs counter to the goal of promoting social justice in America. One of the ironic conclusions of this article is that criminal justice as an academic discipline must get smaller if we are to achieve larger goals of social justice outlined here. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

相对积极主义刑事司法观的提倡

新的十六字方针是法律体系建成之后的必然选项,其实质是追求法律的正当性与司法的公正性,提倡一种相对积极主义的司法理念,强调社会安全与司法人权保障的平衡。司法积极主义是对简单遵循文义的专属主义反思化的结果,并非意味着基于秩序安宁而造法。司法克制主义和积极主义,都有相同的出发点。二者的根本分歧在于如何理解解释法律、寻找法律和创造法律的关系。绝对的积极主义因存在明显的违背教义学和罪刑关系的痕迹而应当引以为戒,相对积极主义因包含着法律的道德价值从而更能促进公正性的实现。当前我国的司法犯罪化理论如果被不加甄别地践行,或者不进行细致化的推演,可能具有绝对积极主义色彩而走向公正的反面。因为刑法包含着规范属性和道德属性,这意味着人道精神与法定理念互为补充,意味着公正和人道成为刑事司法的目标。相对积极主义的特征是注重方法论的合刑性以及合宪性要求。     

行政公正的伦理化探索

作为一项重要的伦理原则,公正贯穿于人类生活的各个领域,而最需要公正的领域则是公共行政领域。现代政府作为全社会利益的代表者,应该以行政公正为核心理念,促进社会公正的实现,这既是公共行政无法推卸的责任,也是全社会的共同要求。本文阐释了行政公正的基本内涵,分析了行政公正的伦理导向,并从他律和自律两个角度探讨了实现行政公正的基本对策。     

法律实用主义方法视角下的检察工作科学发展

科学发展是检察工作践行科学发展观、实现法律监督职能的体现。作为一种司法哲学,法律实用主义推崇行动的价值、强调实际工作成效,主张能动的司法行为,关注社会的最终目的性需求,其合理内核为探究检察工作科学发展提供了方法视角。借鉴法律实用主义的方法去审视检察工作的现状与未来,认识检察工作科学发展的内涵与衡量标准,排除阻碍检察工作科学发展的障碍因素,践行于具体的检察行动,才能取得检察工作的实际成效、实现科学发展。     

法治：实现自由与秩序和谐的路径

我国选择“法治”这一治国方略或社会调控方式有着其内在的逻辑。法治,善法之治,其核心价值是自由,故其以保障自由为本能,为关怀自由而合理限制自由。法治,正义之法,其基础价值是秩序,故其以维护秩序为己任,依正义而甄选秩序。自由与秩序是矛盾关系,法治为两者的对立统一、实现和谐提供了独一无二的路径。