连横《台湾通史》论析：基于学术史的考察

连横一生以搜集、记录、整理、保存、研究台湾历史和文化为职志，著述颇丰，尤以《台湾通史》名世。纵观《台湾通史》的出版史和相关研究的学术史，实与近代以来中国历史进程相契合，其独特的学术价值和现实意义也逐步彰显。20世纪90年代以来，海峡两岸的《台湾通史》研究均进入新的发展阶段，无论视角还是视野、方法还是理论，特别是在学术性或学理性上，都有显著的推进和拓展。     

The Challenge of Administrative Internationalization: Taking Stock and Looking Ahead

The study of the processes and effects of internationalization has become a major field of inquiry in the social sciences. This article takes stock of corresponding research efforts in the field of public administration (PA) to understand the internationalization phenomenon by analyzing studies that were systematically sampled from major PA journals over recent decades. After delineating, sampling, categorizing, and subsequently examining the scholarly production of PA regarding what can be understood as the internationalization of domestic PA, three major themes of PA-related debates are identified: diffusion, resistance, and the transformation of bureaucratic power. The article concludes that PA has developed neither genuine research questions nor a coherent theoretical framework able to come to grips with the internationalization challenge. It ends with an appeal for PA to become aware of this deficit and recommends PA scholars liaise more intensively with other social sciences to overcome the current state of affairs.     

台湾地区金融业促进制造业转型升级的经验

在中国经济新常态背景下,通过金融业改革促进产业转型是当今学术界研究的热门话题。本文以我国台湾地区为样本,以金融结构和产业结构的视角,回顾1960-1980年间的金融抑制时期、1980-2000年间的金融自由化时期、2000年后金融改革和国际化时期,在面临国际和岛内社会经济环境不断变化的情况下,台湾当局通过金融业促进制造业转型升级方面做的积极探索。并探讨了在台湾制造业升级过程中金融发展的作用。这些经验对中国大陆通过金融业促进制造业转型升级具有启示意义,值得借鉴。     

Causes of brain drain and solutions: The Taiwan experience

Over the years, Taiwan has experienced “brain drain”, as more than 80 percent of its students who completed their graduate study in the United States have failed to return. Instead, they have found their ways into the faculties of American colleges and universities or employment opportunities in various research organizations and industries. This article examines brain drain, its origin in Taiwan, and government response. One of the major findings of this study is that the elite emigration in Taiwan has been caused by a host of complex academic, social, economic, and personal factors. Second, Taiwan’s brain drain into the United States is primarily a case of “education and migration.” It is an outflow of college graduates, not an exodus of trained scientists and engineers; therefore, Taiwan’s manpower loss in the short run is not as serious as the case where mature and experienced scientists and professionals leave. Furthermore, whereas a large number of college graduates leave each year to study abroad, a much larger number of the graduating class does remain in Taiwan. To reverse Taiwan’s brain drain, the government of the Republic of China (ROC) has already implemented an ambitious program to recruit Taiwan’s highly trained talents from overseas. Taiwan’s successful experience could be emulated by other developing countries. Shirley L. Chang received her B.A. in Foreign Languages and Literature from National Taiwan University, Master of Library Science from Columbia University, and M.A. in Higher Education from The Pennsylvania State University. She is Chairman of the Department of Library Services and Catalog/Reference Librarian at Stevenson Library, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745.     

大陆学界台湾史研究的宏观检讨

台湾史是一门兼具学术与政治意义的新兴特色学科。中国大陆的台湾史研究，从学科建设的角度来说，属于中国历史学的分支学科。从研究史的角度，对于60多年来大陆学界台湾史研究成果做一宏观性的检讨，具体分析各个不同时期台湾史研究的特点，剖析唯物史观与“台独”史观论争的典型事例，提出新的研究问题，展现新的研究趋向，将有助于推动台湾史研究的深入拓展。     

Unpacking the Global Perspective: Examining NISPAcee Region-Focused Public Administration Research in American Scholarly Journals

Comparative and international public administration research in the United States (US) has enjoyed moments of both prestige and inattention over the last several decades, variation that is important in that it reflects the efforts of a scholarly field to contribute to improved individual and organizational performance. These contributions are, in and of themselves, worthy of attention and critical reflection. This article examines public administration research focused on the Network of Institutes and Schools of Public Administration in Central and Eastern Europe region published in US-based academic journals from 1997 to 2012, discussing trends that have characterized empirical and conceptual research during that period. The article concludes with comments on collaboration in public administration research.     

Adapting to democracy: Societal mobilization and social policy in Taiwan and South Korea

Democratic transition and institutional change do not necessarily guarantee greater political inclusion, particularly when it comes to the policy influence of civil society groups. Rather, political inclusiveness requires strategic adaptation among societal actors. Actors need to seize upon opportunities endemic to political change. This article provides a comparative analysis of health care reform in democratizing Taiwan and South Korea, focusing on two social movement coalitions, the National Health Insurance Coalition in Taiwan and Korea's Health Solidarity. Both movement coalitions were critical in shaping welfare reform trajectories in Taiwan and South Korea during the late 1990s, despite having been shut out from earlier episodes of health care reform. I argue that these groups (1) strategically adjusted their mobilization strategies to fit specific political and policy contexts, (2) benefited from broad-based coalition building, and (3) effectively framed the issue of social welfare in ways that gained these movements ideational leverage, which was particularly significant given the marginal place of leftist ideas in the postwar East Asian developmental state model. Joseph Wong is assistant professor of political science at the University of Toronto. He is the author ofHealthy Democracies: Welfare Politics in Taiwan and South Korea, published by Cornell University Press. Wong received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The author thanks Edward Friedman, Jay Krishnan, Ito Peng, Richard Sandbrook, Linda White, along with the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Thanks also to Uyen Quach and Nina Mansoori for their research assistance.     

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE NETHERLANDS: EXPANSION,DIVERSIFICATION AND CONSOLIDATION

The rise of Dutch administrative sciences is related to the post‐war expansion of the country’s welfare state. The growing welfare state needed scientific support for policy‐making and planning. Legal expertise alone was no longer sufficient. After the initial separation from administrative law, the post‐war policy and administrative sciences in The Netherlands were strongly oriented towards our American ‘big brother’. Since the 1980s, a growing self‐identity and self‐confidence has developed. The period from the late 1970s to the mid 1990s witnessed a steady expansion and diversification of Dutch PA sciences. The subject is now taught at 11 of the 13 Dutch universities. The enormous growth of the early 1990s is over, and student numbers have now stabilized – and at a substantial level, thus consolidating the position of PA departments in most universities. From the mid 1990s onwards Dutch administrative sciences have gone through a process of internationalization. Dutch PA sciences have as a result acquired a status of recognized quality in the international scientific community.     

台湾贫富分化的实像与虚像

进入转型期以来，台湾贫富分化呈现出扩大的趋势。但是检视台湾贫富分化的数据可以发现，台湾贫富差距的客观状态并不严重，相反则是台湾民众对贫富分化的感受远远超过其客观事实。台湾贫富分化这种主观感受与客观状态不匹配的状况不仅是民进党“阶级论述”中对贫富分化议题宣传操纵的结果，更重要的它还是台湾各种经济社会矛盾在台湾民众生活感受中的综合体现。因此，即使抛开政治因素，台湾贫富分化问题也值得台湾当局予以深度重视。     

Global scientific production,international cooperation,and knowledge evolution of public administration

Public administration is a discipline with considerable history, and is also a diverse, interdisciplinary field in social science. To analyze its evolution, discover the present research foci, and predict future development trends, this study applied scientometrics visualization technology to evaluate over 72,000 scientific articles from the 1920s to 2020s. This research referred to the SSCI and JCR databases to gather scientific data of the discipline and the journals' impact factor. Consequently, paper citations, cited journals, journal co-citations, author co-citations, authoritative papers, top countries, productive institutes, average references, and research collaboration trends were analyzed on the bases of the published literature. This study found top productive journals in the discipline, discovered productive countries and institutes, present the research foci, and predicted future development trends. Through this study, scientific production, international cooperation, and knowledge evolution mode of public administration research offers a clear knowledge map of the public administration discipline.     

Public Service Motivation and Psychological Ownership in Taiwan’s Government-Owned Enterprises

The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive power of each dimension of public service motivation on psychological ownership in a Taiwan sample. The sample consisted of 1087 employees from four government-owned enterprises. The research found that for all government-owned enterprises compassion was significantly negatively correlated with psychological ownership, while commitment to the public interest and self-sacrifice were significantly positively correlated with psychological ownership. Moreover, theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.     

Impact of takeovers on profitability of target companies: Evidence from Croatian companies

It is possible to find scientific confirmation of positive, negative or neutral influence of takeovers on company's profitability. Therefore, this study aimed to highlight the sensitivity of research results on manipulation in terms of used methodology and indicators. Using t-test for paired samples and five selected profitability indicators for target and peer companies, it has been proven that it is possible to obtain significantly different results even when using the same sample and the same reference period. The research has been performed on the sample of Croatian companies, which were taken over in the period from year 2003–2008.     

台籍日本兵问题之史料挖掘与文化省思研究

通过对报刊杂志以及原台籍日本兵的口述历史等史料发掘，发现台湾文化界在日据时期、光复后40余年、以及解严后20余年的三个不同时期，关于台籍日本兵的典型言论各有特点。台湾文化界关于台籍日本兵言论的流变轨迹反映了台湾人从被殖民到“脱殖民”意识形态的演变过程，也从一个侧面举证了日本帝国主义的殖民政策对台湾造成的伤害，表明了日本对台湾文化的长期暴力扭曲正是造成今日台湾文化“脱殖民”困境的根源。     

两岸和谐关系演进下的台湾民意走向

大陆对台政策自中共十八大之后，持续并稳定。两岸关系也朝向和平发展。理论上来说，这应该是两岸关系的“机遇期”。意外的是，2008年国民党赢得政权后，在台湾“国族认同”与“统独争议”的议题上，民调数字却显示“台湾人”与“主张独立”的比例，比民进党执政八年的任一时期都来得高。难道两岸关系的改善无助于台湾内部走向于分离的转变？作者设法去解读这个怪异现象时发现：冈为民调中有问券设计的吊谛．与解读角序的不同．球让结果耕有所不同．     

台湾地区2020年“二合一”选举结果及其对政党政治的影响

论文分析2020年台湾地区“二合一”选举结果及其对政党政治的影响。根据2016年以来三次选举中不同政党得票情况的起伏变化,观察“蓝、绿”和南北政治光谱的周期性变化规律,评估政党内部因素和外部环境对岛内选举结果的短期效应和长期影响,进而展望台湾政党政治的未来发展趋势。     

EXHIBITING CHINESENESS: THE TAIWAN PROVINCIAL EXPOSITION OF 1948

Abstract

During the immediate postwar years, visual propaganda served as constitutive and instrumental means for the Nationalist government to “decolonize” the minds of people in Taiwan. The 1948 Taiwan Provincial Exposition highlighted the impact of politics on exhibitions during the critical period in Taiwan’s history. Unable to hold it in the national capital of Nanjing as initially planned, the Provincial Exposition Committee nonetheless maintained the core mission, “enhancing the mainlanders’ understanding of Taiwan,” and strove to mobilize official and individual participants from the mainland. Financed mainly by state-run enterprises, the Exposition delivered a spectacle in serving conservative interests, as encoded in the Exposition’s slogan, “Ensuring Prosperity through Stability.” The Exposition may be seen as an illuminating case to review postwar Taiwan at the threshold of a new era. This paper aims to reveal the complex, and perhaps paradoxical, narrative structures and competitive cultural forces behind the Exposition in redefining Taiwan as a part of China.     

台湾居民对大陆游客旅游影响的感知与态度研究

台湾开放大陆居民赴台旅游对台湾居民的各个方面都产生了影响，也产生了有差异的对陆客态度。本文利用因子分析、聚类分析等分析方法，研究了台湾居民对开放大陆居民赴台旅游影响的感知与态度。结果表明，台湾居民对大陆游客赴台旅游影响的感知可归纳“生活环境恶化”、“经济文化提升”、“地方认同与基础设施改善”、“生活成本增加”、“资源破坏”等5个维度，居民对积极影响的感知强度整体上略低于消极影响。并通过聚类分析，把台湾居民对大陆游客的态度划分为“乐观支持者”、“理性支持者”、“中立态度者”和“冷漠态度者”等4种类型。笔者希望通过此文能给台湾和大陆旅游管理部门一些启发，并提供有价值的参考意见。     

两岸大交流背景下台湾青年的“国家认同”研究

近年来两岸关系已步入和平发展新时期并且在诸多领域取得丰硕成果，但由于受到岛内政治、文化教育、两岸关系、国际政治与青年自身等诸多因素的影响，在两岸大交流背景下台湾青年的“国家认同”仍然呈现出“去中国化”与“台湾化”的现状，对于两岸关系和平发展与国家和平统一将造成相当大的负面影响。因此，未来两岸双方应继续深化两岸经济、文化、教育、社会领域的交流合作，以建构“双重认同”作为化解台湾青年“中国认同”危机的基本路径，在深化两岸关系和平发展的进程中重新建构台湾青年的“国家认同”。     

A Cross-National Examination of the Techniques of Neutralization to Account for Hacking Behaviors

Abstract

The global spread of technology and the Internet has produced unique threats that previously did not exist, such as computer hacking and the spread of malicious software to compromise computer systems. These acts have considerable economic and social consequences, leading them to be criminalized in most countries. Recent research with U.S. college samples have found that peer behavior and attitudes supportive of offending are correlated with involvement in hacking. Few have considered these relationships in a cross-national context, particularly with respect to the creation of malicious software. This study addresses these limitations through an examination of college students across three regions: the United States, Taiwan, and South Africa (N = 1,065). The findings from this study demonstrate differences in the neutralizations and definitions associated with both hacking and malware use as well as regional influences on offending. The implications of this study for research on the techniques of neutralization are discussed in detail.