On the Interest Groups＇ Influences over U.S. Climate Policy Making

Climate issue and the relevant policies have been one of the most hotly-debated issues in the United States in recent years. In the course of climate policy making, the stakeholders have formed up various interest groups engaged in fierce race for the interest of their own. The contest has not only affected the process of the Congressional climate legislation, but also influenced the administration＇s climate policy making and the judiciary ruling on relevant climate issues.     

Problems in Dealing with the Global Climate Change

The question of climate change has been gaining heat in recent years. At the G8 summit in L＇Aquila, Italy in July, climate change was one of the focuses, and consensus was reached on the long-term target of emission cutting. The main emitting countries of the world will gather in Copenhagen of Denmark at the end of this year for global climate change negotiations. It is emerging as a new area for world powers to contend with each other.     

China-ASEAN Cooperation on Climate Change

China-ASEAN cooperation on climate change is an important component of the comprehensive strategic cooperation between the two. The cooperation has already made significant progress but the constraining factors still exist. It is in the interests of both sides to further enhance the cooperation in the climate and environment field.     

Climate Change and the US Security Sector: the Securitization of Climate Change

This preliminary study traces how climate change came to be viewed as a security issue in the United States through a review of policy documents and reports prepared for and by the US security sector. The paper draws upon the ideas of constructivist schools of security studies to provide an analytical framework for understanding the meaning of the securitization process as it has occurred in the United States. It then refl ects upon the adequacy of those frameworks to interpret the securitization of climate change. In the US, new knowledge of the phenomenon of climate change was fi rst constructed in the research sector, in the fi elds of meteorology and atmospheric science. Environmental and Earth sciences then became a locus of research, and climate change fi rst entered security discourse as a topic of environmental protection. As the implications of climate change and its potential impact on water resources, food production, diseases, infrastructure, and human migration came to the attention of the security sector, this knowledge stimulated an internal discourse, where each new document functioned both as a new securitization statement and as a policy response to prior documents in a chain of discourse. Actors in this securitization process included not only “speakers” making a securitization claim (knowledge claim) and “audiences” that accept or reject a claim. Importantly, it also included actors who were instrumental in translating knowledge between research and security sectors. This brief consideration suggests that social science theories that center on practice are more robust than those that center on discourse for interpreting the securitization of climate change. Improved analytic frameworks need to better account for actors whose role is to transfer and translate knowledge from one sector to another.     

On the Struggle for International Power of Discourse on Climate Change

With climate change developing into one of the global focal issues, the struggle for the international power of discourse on climate change tends to be intensified. The struggle is in essence the contest for national interest revolving around economic and development interest. The weight of international power of discourse acquired by each country is determined by its national strength and its relevant policies as well.     

Shale and Changing U.S. Climate Policy

According to the author, the shale gas revolution could increase, rather than reduce, U.S. total emissions of carbon dioxide. This change threatens to divert attention from the urgency of climate change, and it will likely change the domestic policy environment of the country’s climate policy. As the shale gas revolution is still taking place, a more in-depth study of its impact is needed.     

Response to Climate Change： China＇s Actions and Cooperation with EU

Along with the fast growth of world economy, industrialization in particular, global issues such as climate change have become common concerns of the international community. Climate diplomacy is also gradually becoming a hot topic on the international agenda. Climate change is a common challenge to the world and every country bears the responsibility to address this issue. China is highly concerned about climate change and hopes to work with EU and the rest of the world to meet this challenge.     

Uzbekistan＇s Views on Regional Security Situation in Central Asia

The development of geopolitical process especially in the last decade demonstrates that Central Asia has become one of the key Eurasian regions, and it has a major impact on the overall climate of the continental and global security.     

The Evolution and Prospects of the International Climate Change Regime

The United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Bali,Indonesia in December 2007, formally launching the post-Kyoto negotiations. After hard discussions, the parties finally agreed on the Bali Roadmap, promising to have further negotiations and maintain and improve the international climate change regime centered on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change （UNFCCC） and the Kyoto Protocol. However, the scientificity, rationality and effectiveness of the regime are constantly questioned. Very few countries can fulfill standard emissions. Neither Japan or Canada nor most European Union countries are able to fulfill the goals of emissions reduction on schedule. The question of how much responsibility the rapidly growing developing countries should undertake is increasingly standing out. Yet although the regime is greatly challenged, it is still the only relatively complete framework in terms of structure and functions that international climate cooperation can rely on. This regime will continue to play a fundamental and irreplaceable role in the more and more complicated international climate negotiations.     

National Reconciliation at Last

In the light of changed international climate and the inclinations of the whiteauthorities for peaceful talks,ANC showed tactical flexibility in puttingforth its own negotiation program, otherwise known as the Harare Declaration af-ter its endorsement by the summit conference of the OAU ad hoc Committee onSouthern Africa held at Harare, capital of Zimbabwe, in August 1989.The pro-     

The Challenge of Climate Change and Choices of Latin American and Caribbean Countries

<正>The UN climate change summit held in Copenhagen, Denmark at the end of 2009 has left considerable impression upon the world. Although     

Promoting People-to-People Exchanges to Build a Resource-Conserving and Environment-Friendly Society

At the invitation of National Strategic Institute （NSI） of Republic of Korea and the Nagano Association for Japan-China Exchanges （NAJCE）, a 6-member CAFIU delegation visited ROK and Japan from November 9-18. With the arrangement of NSI and NAJCE, the delegation had extensive exchanges with the Korean and Japanese sides on how to cope with climate change and build an ecological society.     

How Changes to the International Energy Order Are Impacting Climate Negotiations

Since the emergence of the global financial crisis, the focus of world energy consumption has been shifting eastward, the exploitation of shale gas and other unconventional oil and gas resources has been accelerating, and the westem hemisphere has unexpectedly become the location of new energy, thus diversifying the intemational energy order. This has also led to a new geopolitical landscape and has had an impact on climate negotiations. The rise in global energy consumption,     

China-Russia Bond

Thanks to China's successful launching of the Year of Russia, 2006 will surely go down as a milestone in the history of the China-Russia bond. Furthermore, a still-warmer climate will continue to prevail in 2007 when Moscow, in its turn, hosts the Year of China, trying to outshine its next-door neighbor in this regard, as Russian President Vladimir Putin promised in the exchange of new year greetings with his Chinese counterpart, President Hu Jintao.     

Prospects of Climate Change Negotiation

This article examines the key points of controversy and the prospects for the post-Copenhagen global climate change negotiations. While the Europeans and the U.S. try to abandon the principles of the Kyoto Protocol after 2012, the developing countries will strive to make the developed countries continue to accept differentiated responsibilities or obligations, The prospects of reaching a new legally binding international agreement on emissions reduction in the Cancun or South Africa summits may be diminishing.     

Food Security in the Context of Global Climate Change

The issue of food security is a complex one,and,with the advancement of globalization,it is becoming ever more urgent.And as climate change rises to the top of the international agenda,the securitization of food issues is growing more complex.It has turned the spotlight on the issue of food security and introduces new challenges to every nation.Historically,China has been an agricultural country,and thus has always been concerned about food security,enacting various measures and policies over the years to protect its food supply.However,there are inherent uncertainties and many challenges in this area.To deal with the problem of food security caused by global climate change,China and other nations should rethink how they deal with food security,and establish a comprehensive food security strategy which engages with other strategies in economic development,agriculture and rural development,energy,water security and social development.     

Overview of the Development of New Energy in the World

It was after the two oil crises of the 1970s that the industrialized world pace order began to accelerate the of developing and applying new energy in to make themselves less reliant on traditional energy. Early this century, facing the ever-growing energy demand, the surging energy prices and the increasingly serious climate change in the world, countries set off again a new upsurge of exploring new energy. Clean energy is given special attention in the economic stimulus packages particularly of countries around the world in the current global economic crisis.     

ABSTRACTS

The Strategic Reliance of African Countries on Asia in regard of Several Major International Issues
He Wenping
In the historic transiton period of the early stage in 21st century, international setup has experiencing tremendous turbulence and readjustment. Although dissatisfied with only one representative in G20, African countries still happy to see the transition from G8 to G20 and also wish to benefit more from the cooperation with the emerging Asian countries in the field of the reform of UN Security Council and the climate change, etc.     

美国气候政策制定:市场与政府之间的选择?(英文)

<正>The climate policies and policy instruments of the United States usually fall into two categories:"government-based"ones and"market-based"ones.The former are mainly comprised of the emissions regulations initiated and enforced by such government organs as     

New Hot Issues in the World and Fresh Challenges to Global Governance

Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid deveopment of multi-polarization and economic globalization and profound changes in the international security situation, countries in the world are becoming more interdependent and deepening their cooperation, and at the same time facing increasingly grave common challenges. Particularly in recent years new hot issues relating to outer space, the polar regions, and climate change are looming large, posing new serious challenges to the current international rules and regulations and order of global governance.