高铜对雏鸭肝氧化状态及肝细胞凋亡的影响

将360只1日龄天府肉鸭随机分为6组,分别以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Ⅰ组Cu100 mg/kg;Ⅱ组.Cu 200 mg/kg;Ⅲ组Cu 400 mg/kg;Ⅳ组Cu 600 mg/kg;Ⅴ组Cu 800 mg/kg)饲喂6周,研究日粮铜水平对雏鸭肝氧化状态及肝细胞凋亡的影响.结果显示,与对照组比较,Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组肝铜锌SOD和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低(P＜0.01),Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组羟自由基和丙二醛含量显著升高(P＜0.01),Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组肝铜锌SOD和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性升高(P＜0.01).高铜组肝细胞凋亡率随日粮铜水平的升高而增加.表明,日粮铜水平为400 mg/kg以上时可引起肝抗氧化功能降低和肝细胞凋亡率升高.     

高铜对雏鸭脾影响的组织病理学观察

选用1日龄天府肉鸭360只,随机分为6组,分别以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Ⅰ组:Cu100 mg/kg,Ⅱ组:Cu 200 mg/kg,Ⅲ组:Cu 400 mg/kg,Ⅳ组:Cu 600 mg/kg,Ⅴ组:Cu 800 mg/kg)饲喂6周,对高铜引起的雏鸭脾的病理损伤进行了观察.结果显示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雏鸭的脾组织学变化与对照组比较差别不明显,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组脾出现不同程度的淋巴细胞减少,电镜下,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组脾淋巴细胞线粒体肿大,嵴断裂甚至消失,核染色质积聚于核膜下呈环形或团块状;Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组脾的绝对重量、生长指数显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组脾淋巴细胞的静止期延长,增殖指数明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组脾淋巴细胞的凋亡率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).证实,日粮铜含量400～800 mg/kg可不同程度地抑制雏鸭脾的发育,导致雏鸭细胞免疫功能和体液免疫功能受损.     

高铜对雏鸭肝羟自由基和一氧化氮产生的影响

为观察日粮铜水平对雏鸭肝羟自由基和一氧化氮(NO)产生的影响,360只1日龄天府肉鸭被随机分为6组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Cu 100 mg/kg,高铜Ⅰ组;Cu 200 mg/kg,高铜Ⅱ组;Cu 400 mg/kg,高铜Ⅲ组;Cu 600 mg/kg,高铜Ⅳ组;Cu 800 mg/kg,高铜V组)6周.与对照组比较,高铜Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和V组肝羟自由基含量和NO含量显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),同时肝铜锌超氧化物歧化酶和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性降低(P<0.05或P<0.01).结果表明,日粮铜水平达400～800 mg/kg时肝羟自由基和N0产生增加,抗氧化功能降低,肝功能受损.     

高铜对雏鸭肝影响的病理学观察

将360只1日龄天府肉鸭随机分为6组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Ⅰ组:Cu100 mg/kg;Ⅱ组:Cu 200 mg/kg;Ⅲ组:Cu 400 mg/kg;Ⅳ组:Cu 600 mg/kg;Ⅴ组:Cu 800 mg/kg)6周,研究日粮铜添加水平对雏鸭肝及其相关生化指标的影响。结果显示,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组雏鸭肝出现不同程度的病理损伤,肝细胞颗粒变性、空泡变性。Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组肝铜含量和血清铜含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著升高(P<0.01)。结果表明,日粮铜含量达400~800 mg/kg即可引起肝的病理损伤。     

高铜对雏鸡脾抗氧化功能的影响及其病理损伤观察

将360只1日龄艾维菌肉鸡随机分为6组,分别以对照日粮(Cu 10.89 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Ⅰ组:Cu 100 mg/kg;Ⅱ组:Cu 200 mg/kg;Ⅲ组:Cu 400 mg/kg;Ⅳ组:Cu 600 mg/kg;Ⅴ组:Cu 800 mg/kg)饲喂6周,研究了高铜对雏鸡脾组织结构、抗氧化功能以及细胞凋亡和周期的影响.结果显示,与对照组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组鸡脾出现不同程度的淋巴细胞减少;电镜观察,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组鸡脾淋巴细胞线粒体肿大,嵴断裂甚至消失,核染色质边聚;Ⅳ、Ⅴ组鸡铜锌超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著降低(P<0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组鸡丙二醛和羟自由基含量显著升高(P<0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组鸡脾淋巴细胞增殖指数显著下降(P<0.01),凋亡率显著升高(P<0.01).表明,日粮铜含量超过400～800 mg/kg可引起雏鸡脾的组织结构损伤和抗氧化功能降低,淋巴细胞分化受阻,凋亡率增加,机体免疫功能受损.     

钼对雄性大鼠睾丸毒性及生殖激素的影响

本研究旨在探讨钼对雄性大鼠睾丸毒性以及对性腺轴激素的影响。3周龄清洁级Wistar雄性健康大鼠80只,适应性饲养1周,随机分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组,每组20只。基础日粮相同,正常饮水,分别在饮水中添加钼酸钠(以钼离子计)0、200、500、800 mg/L,试验周期42 d。分别于钼酸钠处理后第0、14、28、42天,每组随机挑选5只大鼠,采集血液及睾丸组织,用试剂盒法检测SOD、XOD、MDA活性或含量;用TUNEL法检测睾丸凋亡细胞数;用ELISA法检测大鼠血清中GnRH、FSH、LH、T、E2含量。与Ⅰ组相比,钼酸钠处理后第28、42天,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组大鼠睾丸SOD、XOD活性显著下降,MDA含量显著升高(P0.05,P0.01)。TUNEL染色显示,第42天时Ⅲ、Ⅳ组睾丸阳性细胞数量明显增多。与Ⅰ组相比,第14、28天时Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组GnRH含量升高(P0.05,P0.01);钼酸钠处理后第14、28、42天时Ⅲ、Ⅳ组大鼠血清T含量下降、E2含量上升(P0.01)。上述结果表明,饮水钼添加量≥500 mg/L可造成大鼠睾丸抗氧化能力明显下降,凋亡细胞数增加,生殖激素分泌紊乱。     

不同硒添加剂对仔猪生长肝脱碘酶Ⅰ活性和血清甲状腺激素水平的影响

将 2 34头杜×长×大断奶仔猪分为 13组 ,分别以纳米硒和亚硒酸钠 2种硒源 ,0 .1、0 .2、0 .3、0 .4、0 .5、1.0mg/kg 6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中 ,研究了纳米硒和亚硒酸钠对仔猪生长、肝脱碘酶Ⅰ活性和血清甲状腺激素的影响。结果显示 :亚硒酸钠硒水平 0 .1mg/kg组仔猪的生长性能趋于平台 ,0 .3～ 1.0mg/kg组仔猪的生长性能随着硒添加浓度的增加而下降 ,1.0mg/kg组仔猪的生长性能显著低于 0 .2～ 0 .4mg/kg组仔猪。纳米硒水平 1.0mg/kg组仔猪的生长性能保持在高峰平台。硒添加浓度为 0 .1～ 0 .3mg/kg时 ,亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对仔猪生长性能的影响无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;硒添加浓度为 0 .4～ 1.0mg/kg时 ,纳米硒组仔猪生长性能显著高于亚硒酸钠组 (P <0 .0 5 )。硒添加浓度为 0 .1～ 0 .2mg/kg时 ,两种硒源对脱碘酶Ⅰ活性、血清T3、T4 的影响无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;硒添加浓度为 0 .3～ 1.0mg/kg时 ,纳米硒组脱碘酶Ⅰ活性和血清T3水平显著高于亚硒酸钠组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,血清T4 水平显著低于亚硒酸钠组 (P <0 .0 5 )。纳米硒的Weinberg剂量 效应的最适剂量范围宽于亚硒酸钠。     

高铜日粮对肉鸡肝细胞线粒体呼吸链复合物活性的影响

在对照组(Cu 11 mg/kg,A组)基础上设高铜组3个(110 mg/kg、220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg,分别对应为试验组B、C、D),试验期为60 d,在12、24、36、48、60日龄采集肝组织,提取线粒体,测定线粒体复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ的活性变化.结果表明,11 mg/kg和110 mg/kg铜日粮添加组线粒体复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ的活性呈增加趋势.220 mg/kg和330 mg/kg铜日粮添加组肉鸡肝细胞线粒体复合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ活性减弱,但主要在试验后期,尤其是48日龄之后,比对照组和各组内的试验前期下降明显(P＜0.05).说明高铜日粮在一定程度上对线粒体复合物活性是有利的,但过高的铜添加到日粮中(≥220 mg/kg)可降低肉鸡肝细胞线粒体呼吸链复合物的功能活性.据此可以推测,线粒体是机体铜过量状态下侵害的靶部位之一,而且能作用于线粒体各个复合物,造成线粒体呼吸功能减弱,呼吸链中电子传递发生故障,从而影响线粒体功能的正常发挥.     

锗硒对绵羊血液抗氧化酶活性和增重率的影响

选取 2 0只羯滩羊随机分成 4组 ,每组 5只。第Ⅰ组为对照组 ;第Ⅱ组绵羊每 2 0d肌肉注射 2 g/L亚硒酸钠溶液 ,2mL/只 ;第Ⅲ组绵羊每日口服 1g/LGe 132溶液 ,5 0mL/只 ;第Ⅳ组绵羊同时补充亚硒酸钠和Ge 132 ,方法和剂量同上 ,试验期为 2个月。在试验前和试验后第 10、2 0、30、4 0、5 0d采取血样 ,测定血浆GSH Px和SOD活力 ,在试验前和试验第 6 0d时称量各组绵羊体重。结果 ,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组绵羊血浆GSH Px活力明显高于第Ⅰ组 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;第Ⅲ、Ⅳ组绵羊血浆SOD活力极显著高于第Ⅰ组 ;第Ⅳ组绵羊血浆GSH Px、SOD活力显著或极显著高于第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组 ;第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组绵羊的增重率分别比第Ⅰ组提高了 3.7%、1.8%和 5 .0 %。表明 ,锗、硒可提高绵羊血液抗氧化酶的活力 ,并能提高其增重率。     

高剂量铜对生长猪血清铜锌铁水平和含铜酶活性及其生产性能的影响

将 60头军牧 1号生长猪 (体重为 19.2 6kg± 1.2 0kg) ,随机分成对照组和试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组 ,共 6组 ,每组 10头 ,公母各半。使用硫酸铜作为铜源 ,对照组生长猪日粮中不添加铜 ,各试验组生长猪日粮中分别添加 10 0、15 0、2 0 0、2 5 0和 3 0 0mg/kg铜 ,试验期为 80d。结果表明 ,日粮中添加不同水平的铜可显著降低血清锌水平 ,而对血清铁含量影响不大 ;试验组血清铜蓝蛋白和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性均有明显的增加 ;在日粮中添加不同水平的铜 (15 0～ 3 0 0mg/kg)可明显提高生长猪日增重 ,降低料重比 ,但前期 (0～ 60d)效果优于后期 (60～ 10 0d)。     

Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

中国需要构建怎样的周边(英文)

正The new central leadership has highlighted the strategic importance of better relations with neighboring countries and the construction of a solid foundation for China’s neighborhood strategy so as to create favorable conditions for Chinese development.1China is strengthening top-level strategy in foreign relations,focusing on global-level relations and staying committed to relations     

Learning from Others and Starting Built-to-last Companies

正Ruicheng Group was founded in Qiqihar,a city located in one of the three major ‘Chernozem belts’ in the world,the fertile Songnen Plain,and one known as the ‘home of red-crowned cranes’ Over the years,our business developed from being only one supermarket in the beginning to a corporate group operating in multiple sectors,from supermarket chain and real estate to property management and preschool education.     

中巴关系的发展及其认识误区（英文）

China and Brazil established a strategic partnership in 1993. The bilateral ties have seen rapid development in almost all areas. However, there are eight myths surrounding the China-Brazil relations. These myths are the result of a lack of mutual understanding as well as the misconceptions result misconceptions of the western observers and media. These misunderstandings have of have jeopardized images of the China-Brazil relations and also hindered further development of their bilateral relationship.     

中国的“主场外交”:机遇、挑战与任务（英文）

The successful hosting of the CICA summit has drawn great attention The attention to China's "host diplomacy". Analyzing new features of China's "host to "host diplomacy" during this new period, this paper will look at the opportunities and challenges facing China's "host diplomacy" and discuss the problems that China should address in order to do a better job in this regard and bring its "host diplomatic advantages" into full play.     

亚洲整体性崛起及其效应(英文)

Since the beginning of the 21st century, the overall rise of the Asian geographic plate has been particularly prominently. The overall rise of Asia reflects the improvement of a large number of developing countries in Asia. The long-occupied aggressive status of the United States and Europe is weakening, and the overall rise of Asia appears more highlighted, and its impact upon the world seems more intense.     

CAFIU Convenes the 11~(th) Council Meeting in Beijing

正On the morning of April 2,2014,CAFIU held the 11th Executive Council Meeting in Beijing.Present at the Meeting were Member of the Politburo of the 17th CPC Central Committee and Vice-Chairman of the 11th CPPCC National Committee Mr.Wang Gang,ViceChairman of the 11th NPC Standing Committee and President of CAFIU Mr.Zhou Tienong,ViceChairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee Mme     

Speech by Honorary President Zhou Tienong at the 11~(th) Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU (Excerpt)

正I am very pleased to attend the 11th Executive Council Meeting of CAFIU,and would like to express my hearty congratulations to President Yan Junqi,the new leadership and the newly-elected Executive Council.I also want to express my sincere thanks for choosing me to be the Honorary President of CAFIU!     

Name-list of Members of the Standing Committee of the (11)~th Executive Council (in alphabetical order of the surname's first letter)

正I.Political Parties and Government Sector Lu Yan Director,Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce Tong Guili Member,Standing Committee of the CPC Municipal Committee of Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province Secretary,CPC Working Committee,Administrative Commission for the Sci-Tech and Innovation Industrial Park in west Hangzhou City     

FES Head of Department for International Development Cooperation Visits China

正At the invitation of CAFIU,Mme.Christiane Kesper,Director of the Department for International Development Cooperation of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung of Germany(FES)visited China from Oct.9 to 14.During the stay in Beijing,Mr.Li Jinjun,Vice-Minister of IDCPC and Executive Vice-President of CAFIU met with