基于一个案例展开对绑架罪疑难问题的思考

绑架罪中的故意不具有可分性,完整的绑架罪故意涵盖非法拘禁和敲诈勒索两方面内容,但不能人为地将绑架罪的故意进行分割,认为仅仅是非法拘禁故意和敲诈勒索故意的简单叠加.诱骗可以成为绑架罪的实行行为,但需具备控制被害人人身自由的现实性.实力控制被害人与发出勒索的威胁原则上无需具备同时性.但是“诱骗型”绑架由于对于被害人人身的危险是比较微弱,所以“诱骗”成立绑架要求在实力控制被害人的同时向其亲友发出威胁.在向其亲友敲诈勒索之后杀害被绑架人的,对罪数不产生影响,仍然定绑架罪一罪.在杀害被绑架人之后向其亲友敲诈勒索的,前行为构成绑架罪,后行为构成敲诈勒索罪和诈骗罪的想象竞合.     

马动脉炎病毒的血凝性研究

在RK-13细胞上培养的马动脉炎病毒(Equine viral arteritis,EAV)在4℃、室温和37℃条件下,用多种动物的红细胞进行血凝试验,病毒在不同温度下均可凝集小鼠和鸡的红细胞,但不能凝集牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、豚鼠、仓鼠、兔及鹅的红细胞.将病毒用吐温-80和乙醚处理后,血凝活力会显著增强,其HA效价比未经处理的病毒高4-8倍,且血凝像更加清晰.处理病毒的最适条件是在冰浴状态下用终浓度0.6-1.25 mL/L吐温-80振荡处理15-60 min,再加1/2体积的乙醚振荡作用5-15 min.     

党内和谐的时代价值

党内和谐是一个时代课题，既有科学的理论依据，又有深厚的时代价值。党内和谐是对党的团结的继承、丰富和升华。党内和谐从新的高度为坚持和完善党的领导提出了新思路，以新的思想为党的执政理论研究、发展、创新拓宽了新的视野，用新的要求为党的执政能力建设和党的先进性建设提供了新方法，从新的视角为党完成执政使命指明了新的方向，用新的内涵为党的建设提供了多维度空间。     

Perceived crime seriousness: Consensus and disparity

In this article, the statistical technique for setting up the consensus of perceived crime seriousness in previous studies is critically reviewed. The conventional method, when applied to a data set of crime seriousness, is found to have exaggerated the consensus because, by using a more appropriate model, which assumes perfect agreement in crime severity between subgroups, the consensus is reduced unanimously. By breaking down the population by gender, age, and educational level, sociodemographic differentials in crime seriousness are set up. The disparity is then further examined in details by paired comparisons between a target crime with fourteen other crimes. The three factors are all found to be important in affecting perceived crime seriousness. This conclusion is different from that of previous studies. The scaling method is found to be responsible for the difference. As the Thurstone method used in this study is more responsive and can produce more discriminating results, it is recommended for future research in crime severity. Finally, the implications of the findings on some important issues, like the appropriateness of legal penalty and the construction of a crime index, are discussed.     

上、下尖牙髓腔/牙体表面积比值的年龄判定价值研究

目的通过三维重建测量上、下颌尖牙髓腔/牙体表面积比值(Pulp/Tooth area Ratio,PTR)来推断个体年龄,为临床年龄推断的应用提供科学依据。方法收集口腔门诊患者年龄在16~65岁200例锥形束CT(Cone beam computed tomography,CBCT)影像资料,以4个尖牙为测量对象并进行三维重建,测量各尖牙髓腔和牙体表面积,计算PTR值。应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,推导实际年龄的推断公式。结果Pearson相关分析显示上、下颌尖牙PTR值与实际年龄呈高度负相关(P<0.001,r值为-0.833~-0.891)。4个尖牙间的PTR值无显著差异(P>0.05)。男女性别间尖牙PTR值无显著差异(P>0.05)。尖牙PTR值(x)推断年龄公式为:年龄=84.42-222.22x,R²=0.739。结论检测尖牙的PTR值,可明显提高临床年龄推断的准确性。     

The political economy linkage between trade liberalization and domestic environmental regulations

This paper considers the political economy linkage between trade liberalization and domestic environmental regulations in a duopolistic product market. We investigate the environmental consequences and welfare implications of a home country’s unilateral tariff reduction on a polluting good. In a framework where the domestic environmental tax is subject to the influence of the home firm, we find that a tariff reduction on a good producing a consumption-type externality will improve the home country’s environmental quality. Moreover, we find that the home country’s tariff reduction will unambiguously enhance the home country’s welfare; and it will damage the foreign firm’s profits and thus the foreign country’s welfare, provided that the weight that the home government attaches to its social welfare is sufficiently small. This result also suggests the possibility that a unilateral tariff reduction will achieve a Pareto improvement.     

人体器官肺的体积、密度检测及其医学和法医学意义

目的积累不同种族人体器官组织体积和密度的基本数据。为病理学和法医学尸检提供简便、可靠的诊断方法。方法应用电子智能化体积-密度仪,同步检测正常人及各种疾病死者肺的质量、体积、密度。结果获得正常肺和不同程度弥漫性肺水肿病变器官体积和组织密度;在2例医源性循环超负荷和水中毒案件的法医病理学鉴定中,用肺密度值证实了常规病理组织学形态不典型的严重低渗性肺水肿。结论大体检测器官密度对尸体解剖的综合病理诊断具有一定的辅助意义。     

A survey of buprenorphine related deaths in Singapore

Buprenorphine is available in Singapore as substitution treatment for opioid dependence since 2002. This study surveys buprenorphine related deaths in Singapore between September 2003 and December 2004. The aims are to establish the autopsy prevalence of buprenorphine related deaths and the demographical and toxicological profile of the cases. Toxicological screening was performed for all unnatural deaths, deaths involving known drug addicts, as well as when autopsy revealed no obvious cause of death. Twenty-one cases had buprenorphine detected in post-mortem blood and/or urine samples. Eighteen were sudden deaths. There were two fatal falls from height and one death by hanging. All subjects were male. The age range was 24-48 years. Fourteen subjects were between 30 and 39 years of age. The mean age was 35 years. The majority (62%) were Chinese. Eleven (52%) were known drug abusers. For sudden deaths, two groups were identified. Six cases died from natural causes. Blood buprenorphine levels ranged from undetected (detected in urine) to 3.2 ng/mL (mean 1.4 ng/mL). Twelve cases were attributed directly and indirectly to mixed drug poisoning. Blood buprenorphine levels ranged from undetected (detected in urine) to 17 ng/mL (mean 3.2 ng/mL). Nineteen cases showed concurrent abuse of buprenorphine and benzodiazepine, diazepam being the most frequently detected, followed by nitrazepam and midazolam. The availability of buprenorphine as substitution therapy is associated with an increase in buprenorphine related deaths. The danger of co-abuse of buprenorphine and benzodiazepines is highlighted.     

东莞溺死案多发河段硅藻种群分布及其法医学意义

目的调查东莞溺死案多发河段硅藻种群分布,探讨其在溺死地点推断中的意义。方法于2009年6月至9月收集东莞市东江沙田、道滘、麻涌、石碣、石龙、茶山和企石共7个河段采样点江水样本126份,并收集2例已知落水地点溺死尸体;制作各样本硅藻涂片,计算样本间Sprensen相似系数及弦平方距离(SCD),并进行聚类分析。结果 126份水样中共鉴定出70种硅藻,其中优势度>0.02的优势种群有4种;2个案例样本分别与道滘和石碣河段样本的相似度最高,与实际落水地点基本一致。结论建立区域性溺死多发河段硅藻数据库,利用Sprensen相似系数及SCD值及聚类分析进行落水地点推断具有一定可行性。