个人信息保护法制管窥

现代意义的隐私权乃是一种“个人信息控制权”,因此有必要对收集、利用、保存、传播他人信息的行为全面进行规范,许多国家先后制定了个人信息保护法。在立法模式上,根据是否以一部法律对公共部门和非公共部门的个人信息处理行为进行规范,分为总括和分离两种模式。在立法内容上,“OECD劝告”曾确立个人信息保护的八项原则,同时个人信息主体的权利可具体化为五项权利。另外,对特定行业制定特别规定是普遍采取的做法。     

公司合并与职工权益保护

公司合并时应注意保护职工的合法权益。被合并公司职工的原劳动合同应由合并后的公司承继 ,合并公司在合并完成后不能随意解雇被合并公司的职工 ,应遵守拟制解雇和整理解雇法理。我国现行立法在保护合并时的职工权益方面尚有许多缺陷 ,亟须在今后的立法和实践中加以修正。     

略论住房按揭中购房人权益的保护

购房人权益应是住房按揭法律制度的首要内容 ,但我国相关立法对此却缺乏明确规定。本文探讨了住房按揭中购房人权益保护的几个具体问题 ,并对完善我国有关制度建设提出了有益的建议     

论《消费者权益保护法》第49条对医疗纠纷的适用问题

医患关系是以生活消费为内容的消费关系 ,存在医患双方事实上的实力对比的悬殊 ,对医疗纠纷应当适用《消费者权益保护法》第 49条有关惩罚性赔偿的规定     

行政投诉案件中原告资格的本土逻辑与实践反思

举报投诉人原告资格问题是行政诉讼理论和实践争议的焦点。《行诉解释》第12条第5项认可了投诉人的原告资格,但在理论和实践中仍存在较大的争议,需要梳理并回应。就保护规范理论而言,在实体法和程序法没有规定主观公权利的前提下,诉讼法及其司法解释也可以赋予投诉人原告资格,并可以据此推导出与原告资格相对应的主观公权利;就保护必要性而言,第5项中合法权益的规范功能能够替代保护必要性的适用;就投诉人的定位而言,第5项与司法实践存在冲突,建议将第5项对投诉人的定位由其他利害关系人改为行政相对人。     

我国专利保护的强度及改进措施-以2013年数据中私营企业专利权人为视角

随着我国经济转型升级的日益加快，知识产权在经济发展中的贡献日益突出。全面深化改革的持续推进也进一步释放了私营企业的发展活力。据统计，占我国私营企业绝大多数的小微企业完成了65%的发明专利，已成为我国科技创新的主力军。在国家知识产权局开展的专利保护社会满意度调查工作基础上，基于私营企业专利权人的视角对当前我国专利保护的强度进行考察。数据分析显示，目前私营企业专利权人对我国专利保护的满意度有66.73分，仅仅刚达到及格水平；而私营企业专利权人在反馈意见建议时，同样表示希望相关部门加大专利保护力度。在加强专利保护的过程中，司法要充分发挥对专利保护的主导性，行政要充分发挥在专利保护中的主体性，非诉调解要充分发挥在处理专利纠纷时的主动性，私营企业专利权人则应充分发挥自身积极性，配合做好相关工作。     

Comparative grand corruption and protection pacts among elites: the cases of Ao Man Long in Macao and Hui Si-Yan in Hong Kong

Although Transparency International has consistently ranked the governments of both the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) and Macao Special Administrative Region (MSAR), both under the sovereignty of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), much higher on the clean governance scale than the PRC itself, the reality is that the two special administrative regions witnessed two prominent cases of political corruption comparable to the mainland corruption. These were the Ao Man Long case in Macao and the Rafael Hui Si-yan scandal in Hong Kong. This paper examines the two cases of political corruption in both Macao and Hong Kong and makes comparisons and contrasts between them. It argues that individual greed contributed to the two cases of high-level bureaucratic (grand) corruption in Macao and Hong Kong, implying that institutional safeguards against corruption, such as the establishment of anti-corruption commissions, and the scrutiny of the mass media, are by no means adequate. In other words, institutional mechanisms against corruption in the HKSAR and MSAR do have loopholes that need to be plugged. Moreover, protection pacts between a minority of government officials and the business elites can be formed because of their close personal connections, strengthening the possibility of grand corruption.     

“Personal information of privacy nature” under Chinese Civil Code

Chinese Civil Code separates the civil right to privacy and the civil interest of personal information through the proposal of the PIPN in Article 1034, which constructs a different model from both EU and US. Although this distinction is of great significance, it brings potential problems, too. The PIPN is a kind of personal information which is unwilling to be known to others with privacy nature, which can be defined through a method of combining basic definition plus enumerations. It is recommended to consider the context and purpose of processing personal information when deciding the PIPN, and the level of privateness, availability, risk and identifiability will be considered to the privacy test. Based on Chinese reality, ID number, biometric information, financial information should be list as the typical kinds of the PIPN in the future legislation.     

交通肇事逃逸现场的物证保护

交通肇事逃逸案件呈逐年上升态势,处理难度较大。在交通肇事逃逸案件处理中,建议重视前期到达的外勤民警的工作和事故处理民警的现场勘查工作,应加大对警察的技能培训力度,建立交警总队的物证鉴定技术室,重特大交通肇事逃逸案件现场勘查的做法,建立物证档案室。     

浅析国际贸易与环境保护的关系

本文介绍国际贸易与环境保护的相互影响,阐述了经济全球化和WTO框架下环境保护的发展趋势,并针对我国的现状提出贸易与环保方面的对策。