第一次数学危机及其哲学分析

毕达哥拉斯关于数的信条及以数为基础的宇宙模型的破产,导致了第一次数学危机。这一危机的影响是巨大的,它不仅推动了数学及其相关学科的发展,使古希腊数学的基础发生了根本性的变化,而且推动了整个科学的发展。在古希腊,数学和哲学是结盟的,哲学使古希腊的数学趋于抽象和真理。正是由于古希腊的哲学背景,使其有可能建立世界上第一个数学公理系统,并最终导致了近代科学的诞生。     

480例活体损伤的法医学鉴定分析

目的分析活体损伤的特征,探讨其损伤类型与损伤程度的关系,以及法医学鉴定的有关问题。方法随机抽取1998-2001年间活体损伤的鉴定资料,对伤者的损伤及其法医学鉴定进行回顾性分析。结果男性伤者居多;多发伤高于任何单一部位损伤;致伤方式以钝器致伤为主;重伤以颅内血肿和腹腔脏器破裂最多,轻伤以四肢骨折居首。结论损伤程度与损伤部位及类型有一定的关系。     

公务员培训需求分析方略

《公务员法》的颁布使公务员培训工作纳入了法制化的轨道。高效率的公务员培训建立在对培训需求科学分析基础之上。培训需求循环分析模型、培训需求任务-绩效分析模型和YGWB培训需求分析模型,在多年公务员培训实践中被证明是行之有效的培训需求分析方法。对这些方法的研究和总结既有理论上的价值也有实践上的意义。     

我国宪法中刑事诉讼制度的规范分析

宪法与刑事诉讼法都涉及国家权力与公民基本权利的关系问题,因而刑事诉讼与宪法的关系相当紧密。其中基于宪法国家根本法的地位,刑事诉讼基本制度和原则都可以在宪法规范中找到根据。我国现行宪法为刑事诉讼制度提供了最高效力的法律支撑,宪法是刑事诉讼制度运行的基础。同时也应当看到宪法所提供的支撑还不充足,有继续加以完善的必要。     

Security in the name of human rights: the discursive legitimation strategies of the war on terror in France

This article aims to question the discourse on “the war on terror” developed by the French President in the wake of the two terrorist attacks that occurred in France in 2015. Drawing from critical discourse analysis, it explores the discursive legitimation strategies deployed by President Hollande to legitimate France’s securitarian response to the two attacks. It reveals how the defence of human rights served as an overall justificatory framework, through rationalisation, appeals to authority, and moralisation. It argues that Hollande implemented a discursive manipulation of reality to shield his actions from criticisms of illiberalism, all the while reframing the notion of human rights, undermining it and paving the way for an authoritarian-driven executive.     

Learning-Shaping Crises: A Longitudinal Comparison of Public Personnel Reforms in Italy, 1992‒2014

Abstract

This article analyses the attempts to reform public administration, notably personnel management, in Italy between 1992 and 2014, with a focus on implementation and the period following the multiple crises that have unfolded since 2008. By untangling the policy learning processes between multiple crises, past reform attempts and domestic and European “contexts in motion”, the article finds that efficiency-oriented reforms have floundered regardless of the political color of governments or indeed of the nature – political or technocratic – of the governments. Domestic factors, notably the frequency of government alternation, i.e. government instability, and European pressure have further reinforced the orientation towards single-loop lessons, i.e. the almost exclusive effecting of short-term cost-cutting measures.     

从“科学的代言人”到“当事人的枪手”——专家证人历史沿革与我国现实考察

英美法系在很早以前就认识到了专家在审判中的重要作用，而具有偏向性专家证人则是对抗制的产物。在中世纪，专家是以陪审团成员或者法官顾问的身份出现在法庭上的，由法官进行引导和控制．以保证其中立性和公正性。16世纪，随着知情陪审团被不知情陪审团所替代，法院开始传唤专家出庭，就某个专业问题向陪审团提供意见和结论。到了18世纪．英美法系审判中对抗的因素越来越多．双方当事人开始传唤专家作为各自的证人出庭提供意见。但18世纪末19世纪初的专家证人并不具有偏向性。直到19世纪中期，专家证人开始为各自当事人的利益服务．在法庭上为就与案件事实相关的专门性问题提出自己的意见．现代意义上的专家证人产生。梳理英美法系专家证人的历史对我国司法鉴定制度改革具有重要的指导意义。我国现已全面确立专家辅助人制度．专家辅助人应当具有中立性．并需构建一系列的程序和制度对专家辅助人的中立性进行保障。     

Passport to Parenthood: Reproductive Pathways In and Out of Denmark

Denmark has become a destination for single women, lesbians, and heterosexual couples wanting donated sperm. At the moment, women from Sweden, Norway, Germany, Italy, and the UK travel to Denmark. Simultaneously, waiting lists for donated eggs and age restrictions are prime motivations for infertile Danish women and heterosexual couples to leave Denmark and travel to Spain, the Czech Republic, the Ukraine, and Greece for egg donation. Informed by Donna Haraway’s notion of “the apparatus of bodily production”, Marcia Inhorn’s development of “reproductive flows”, and the use of Adele Clarke’s “situational analysis”, this paper explores the question: How do global reproductive pathways in and out of Denmark emerge when fertility travellers narrate, negotiate, and cross national borders to go through fertility treatment? Methodologically, we use a multi-sited and multi-modal approach centring on interviews with fertility travellers moving to and from Denmark in combination with ethnographic observations carried out in Danish and Spanish fertility clinics and an analysis of legal regulations. The paper concludes by discussing how the concept of reproductive pathways helps to theorize transnational movements of bodies and contributes to feminist scholarship on transnational reproductive travel.     

中国大气保护公共支出的绩效评价——基于各地区环境数据的比较分析

对我国各省的大气环保支出的绩效进行评价表明,大气公共支出绩效的提高与地方环保机关的工作水平和工作效率紧密相关。在客观条件一定的情况下,地方环保部门是能够通过自身效率的提高来促进大气环境的改善。     

17例杀亲案件的回顾性分析

目的总结杀亲案件的特点,为此类案件的分析、预防提供参考。方法调查溧阳地区2004—2014年破获的17例杀亲案件,对原始登记信息、现场勘验笔录、尸体检验鉴定书、破案情况进行统计分析。结果 17例杀亲案件中受害人以女性居多,嫌疑人以男性居多,杀人动机以配偶不忠或怀疑配偶不忠占较高比例。杀亲案件中有精神病患者杀人、伪装杀人,嫌疑人杀人后自杀占有一定比例。结论杀亲案件多与婚外性行为、精神病患者杀人等家庭因素有关,部分为杀人旋即自杀,致伤工具具有简单随意、易于获取的特点。