Women Police Stations as a Dispute Processing System

Abstract

In 1992, the Tamil Nadu State government in India began to introduce all-women police stations whose primary role is to deal with crimes against women, including family violence and dowry disputes. Dowry giving is a customary practice in India, which often results in disputes between young wives and their new families. As a result, the young women may be subjected to physical and mental ill treatment, sometimes resulting in death. Using detailed data from 474 case records and interviews with 60 dowry victims, the present study examines how women police stations serve as a dispute processing system, and describes the services extended by the stations to the victims of dowry disputes. Many cases were successfully resolved and violence was frequently reduced. The study holds implications for the extension of training in dispute resolution for women police in India.     

A study of NAFTA： Establishing a better dispute resolution mechanism under CEPA

Dispute resolution under CEPA is regulated in Chapter 19-Institution Arrangement, but only consists of one sentence. The flaws are explored in the performance of this new agreement. Dispute resolution under NAFTA includes more than four dispute resolution procedures, which include numerous details and various institutions. It is considered as one of the best dispute resolution mechanism. The successful experience and the lessons learned will help CEPA establish a fair, efficient, and suitable disnute resolution mechanism     

中国传统纠纷解决机理探讨

中国传统纠纷解决机理体现在四个方面：即伦理化司法的确定性和可接受性、诉调对接的传统、实质正义解决纠纷的传统、限制诉讼与终结诉讼机制。对这种独特的纠纷解决机理,应辩证认识,合理运用,力求实现纠纷解决民族性与国际性的结合。     

论多元纠纷解决机制的引导机制

当前，虽不敢妄言中国已经进入“后诉讼时代”，但多元纠纷解决机制作为一种客观存在，其合理性已被诸多学者反复论证并在实践中广泛采用。在此背景下，关于多种纠纷解决方式的建构、完善以及相互之间的衔接成为了理论界与实务界热情不减的探讨课题。置身于纠纷解决途径匮乏的现实情境，此种关注实为必要。不过，令人稍感困惑的是，人们在倾心构筑多种纠纷解决方式之际，却忽视了纠纷解决需求者在面临具体纠纷时选择之迷茫，这种“多元性无知”无疑是多元纠纷解决机制推行之羁绊。通过探究多元纠纷解决机制之引导机制，指引当事人找到进入“某个恰当程序的大门”。     

修法背景下我国独立体育仲裁制度的设立

现有的国际和国内体育争端解决体系基本都体现为以国际单项体育联合会及各国协会、独立体育仲裁机构(国际体育仲裁院或国内独立体育仲裁机构)、国内法院为主体的三层递进式架构。在我国,由于独立体育仲裁机制长期缺位,导致对内体育争端解决的专业性和法律效力不足,加之对外与国际争端解决机制的衔接不畅,难以公平、高效地解决体育争端,甚至造成了国内争端的国际化。《体育法》的修订为完善体育仲裁机制提供了契机,其中独立体育仲裁制度的设立应以体育自治为基础,建设完善的体育仲裁机制,通过设立中国体育仲裁委员会,进一步整合单项体育协会的内部仲裁机制,保障仲裁裁决一裁终局的效力,明晰仲裁范围,与国际体育争端解决机制形成平行且竞争的协同关系。     

我国域名与姓名权纠纷解决机制的立法研究

我国关于个人域名注册的制度一直不是很明确，也没有明确的法律法规对于个人姓名注册域名而发生的纠纷以及重名对域名注册带来的冲击进行具体的规定和协调。因此，我国应当运行个人域名注册机制、制定相关的法律规范来保护个人注册域名的行为，建立适合我国域名发展的个人域名注册模式，在处理域名与姓名冲突时，用专门的法律规定来作为解决的依据，并建立域名与姓名权冲突的事先防预机制和制定资格要求争议解决政策。     

Beyond the Thomas–Kilmann Model: Into Extreme Conflict

This article discusses an extension to the Thomas–Kilmann conflict mode instrument (Thomas and Kilmann 1977) designed specifically for conflict situations in which strong negative emotional relationships are at play. The Thomas–Kilmann (TK) model is widely used to help participants (disputants and mediators) identify how two basic conflict characteristics interact to influence how stakeholders shape their actions with regard to their interests. Essentially the TK Model is built on the premise that the two salient conflict variables are the relative importance of the relationships at hand and the substantive issues being discussed. These variables are illustrated with a simple matrix that shows how each party will interact with the other based on the relative importance it places on these variables. Graphically illustrating where the behaviors fall on the matrix can explicate parties' behaviors to add a new perspective that may change the dynamic of the conflict. But the TK Model does not address scenarios in which individuals have very negative or destructive relationships, and sabotage, blocking, and exclusion are behavioral norms. Hence, we developed the Baumoel–Trippe (BT) Extension to the TK Model to address the highly negative and often identity‐based conflicts that are often found in the world of family business. Accordingly, the BT Extension to the TK Model explores conflicts in which the relationships are not merely unimportant or uncooperative, but where they become negative to downright vengeful. There is so much at stake for family business stakeholders that the family relationships may become so adversarial that the very business and family harmony all parties value are at risk. With our extension of the TK Model, we seek to provide insight into how decisions might be made when stakeholders are in highly negative, conflictual relationships.     

决议行为效力规则之构造

社团决议行为并非法律行为,无法直接适用法律行为规则.物权法、公司法虽设有特别规则,但二者关于决议行为效力类型及瑕疵事由的规定均不周延且相互冲突,无法满足司法需求.非公司法人等的决议行为更面临法律规制漏洞.未来民法典总则亟需增设决议行为规则.规制决议行为的伦理基础并非程序正义,而系社团自治,应围绕社团自治建构规则.应区分决议成立认定与效力判断,经有召集权者召集会议作出多数决,方形成决议.已成立的决议需满足有决议权限、真实性、合法性、合理性要件,方具有法律效力.与之对应,无决议权限、程序瑕疵、表决瑕疵、内容违法、违反规约及侵害成员合法权益将导致决议效力待定、可撤销或无效.     

EARLY NEUTRAL EVALUATION IN DIVORCE CASES

Parties in a divorce case are faced with the challenge of dealing with highly charged emotional and financial issues simulataneously. Early Neutral Evaluation is a beneficial weapon in the dispute resolution arsenal that can help decrease the level of conflict between parties. This Note discusses the development of Early Neutral Evaluation as a form of dispute resolution and proposes the establishment of court-organized mandatory Early Neutral Evaluation programs to settle financial matters in a divorce case.     

现代社会中的人民调解与诉讼

人民调解是除诉讼之外的最主要的纠纷解决方式。人民调解的存在与发展在一定程度上弥补了诉讼在某类纠纷解决上的局限性。通过人民调解与诉讼在成本、功能上的比较,可以看到人民调解不仅能够适应和生存于现代社会,而且与公力救济共同形成了相互竞争、替代补充和弥补局限的多元化纠纷解决机制。人民调解的改革和发展是构建和谐社会纠纷解决机制的不可或缺的资源。