能动司法的实现条件——一个中美比较的视角

近年来,司法能动作为一种与司法克制相对的司法意识形态,引起国内法学界和实务界的关注,很多学者和法官倡导在司法实践中应该充分发挥法官的自由裁量权,实行＂能动的司法＂。但是,能动司法的实现需要多方面条件和因素来支持,否则实行能动司法于法治是不利的。通过比较中美两国在法律文化、法律制度等方面的差异,分析美国能动司法的实现条件,发现中国的不足,有利于推动中国实行有限的＂能动司法＂,构建和谐的法治社会。     

网络反腐健康发展应注重官民互动机制的建立

新时期网络反腐是否能得以健康发展,虽然受到诸多因素的影响,但是其工作机制不佳是一个重要原因。针对日益"井喷"的网络反腐态势,必须建立健全官民互动机制。建立健全官民互动机制首先应明晰专门反腐机关、网络运营商、新闻媒体和普通网民等各类网络反腐行为主体的内在责任。在明晰各类网络反腐行为主体内在责任的基础上,加强有利于网络反腐互动机制运转的保障性制度建设尤为重要。     

关于中国共产党践行群众史观的再认识

中国共产党的群众观点和群众路线是马克思主义群众史观的重要内容和重要组成部分。中国共产党群众史观的生成有其独特的逻辑起点，并与中国的实际情况相结合，在不同历史时期和阶段得以丰富和发展。在建设中国特色社会主义和进行社会主义现代化的新时期、新形势下，中国共产党践行群众史观应该做到三个方面，即坚持群众主体，直面群众关切，顺应群众期盼。     

滇桂黔石漠化区基层政府扶贫执行力研究

基层政府扶贫的执行力是国家新一轮扶贫开发战略在滇桂黔石漠化片区顺利实施的重要保障。然而，由于相关行政制度不完善、政府自利性行为严重及政府行政文化缺失等原因，滇桂黔石漠化片区一些基层政府扶贫的执行力近年来并没有显著提升。提升滇桂黔石漠化区基层政府扶贫执行力基本途径主要有改革和完善基层政府领导干部责任制与政绩考核制度、建立健全监督制约机制、培育基层政府行政文化、加强基层政府扶贫队伍业务素质等。     

试论加强社会管理执行能力建设

社会管理是一项艰巨复杂的系统工程，社会管理执行能力的强弱，直接关系到社会管理的成效。加强社会管理执行能力建设，必须强化八个方面的能力，那就是人口管理与服务能力，就业服务与管理能力，收入分配关系的调整能力，公共安全的管理能力，生态环境的管理能力，公民权益的维护能力，社会保障服务与管理能力，信息网络的管理能力。     

经营者对服务场所承担安全保障义务的类型及其内容研究

经营者对服务场所的安全保障义务的概念可以概括为:从事住宿、餐饮、娱乐等经营活动或者其他社会活动的自然人、法人、其他组织,在为顾客(乘客、客户等)提供一定服务项目的地点和场合,因未尽合理限度范围内的安全保障义务,致使消费者人身、财产造成损害,所应当承担的侵权责任。对于该类型侵权行为的立法思路:用一个专条“经营者对服务场所的安全保障义务”专门规定此类型的侵权行为,并且,在此专条下用5款内容,描述和概括经营者对服务场所的安全保障义务的具体侵权行为特征。     

What Limits for Government Control? Civil Liberties and Anti‐terror Measures after the Heathrow Bomb Plot

The threat posed by transnational terrorism has excited debate about how best to calibrate relations between government, the courts and parliament: how can the provision of internal security be facilitated, whilst respecting freedoms and ensuring that policies enjoy broad legitimacy? Attention has focussed primarily on the power of the courts. Sections of the government have mooted a curtailment of judicial competencies; by contrast, a broad range of actors calls for ‐ at the least ‐ the maintenance of current judicial powers as the best means to prevent government from exploiting its already large scope for manoeuvre, as well as to overcome public scepticism. Yet the current debate misses the point that relations between government, courts and parliament have already been altered. Government has gained extra political resources thanks to its participation in forms of international counterterrorist cooperation. This shift of power, and associated problems, were clear during the recent ‘Heathrow bomb plot’.     

弗里德曼教育券思想评析

弗里德曼以经济学家的视角观察并积极倡导美国教育体制的改革，提出了教育券计划，成为全球教育券实践改革的思想源泉。正确分析、评判弗里德曼教育券思想的主要观点与思想内涵，对于发展我国的教育事业具有一定的现实意义 。     

The Peer Appearance Culture During Adolescence: Gender and Body Mass Variations

The purpose of this research was to examine gender and body mass, as factors linked to perceived experiences within the peer appearance culture. The sample included 215 girls and 200 boys who were either in 7th grade or 10th grade. Students provided self-reports on experiences in three domains: appearance culture among friends (appearance conversations and diet/muscle talk), peer evaluations (peer appearance pressure, appearance teasing, and vicarious peer teasing), and peer acceptance concerns (appearance-based acceptance, peer appearance comparison). The results indicated that although girls reported more appearance conversations, boys perceived more appearance pressure and teasing. Boys also admitted that they talked with friends about muscle building at a rate greater than girls talked about dieting. BMI showed distinct gender patterns. BMI was a key attribute that unified the experiences within the appearance culture for overweight girls. Among the boys, BMI was associated with differentiated experiences for underweight and overweight participants.Associate Professor in Educational Psychology at the University of Washington. She is a developmental psychologist specializing in the contributions of peers to body image and social-emotional well-being during adolescence. Research interests include body image during adolescence and gender differences.Doctoral student at the University of Washington in Human Development and Cognition. Her research focuses on the social-emotional development of adolescents, academic and appearance social comparisons, and issues related to gender and science. Research interests include body image during adolescence, gender differences, social comparison, and academic competence.     

Body Image Concerns in Young Girls: The Role of Peers and Media Prior to Adolescence

Peer and media influences have been identified as important conveyors of socio-cultural ideals in adolescent and preadolescent samples. This study aims to explore peer and media influences in the body image concerns and dieting awareness of younger girls, aged 5–8 years. A sample of 128 girls was recruited from the first 4 years of formal schooling. Individual interviews were conducted to assess the aspects of body image, as well as dieting awareness by means of a brief scenario. A number of sources of peer and media influence were examined. It was found that by 6 years of age, a large number of girls desired a thinner ideal figure. Both peer and media influences emerged as significant predictors of body image and dieting awareness. Specifically, girls’ perceptions of their peers’ body dissatisfaction predicted their own level of body dissatisfaction and dieting awareness. Watching music television shows and reading appearance-focused magazines predicted dieting awareness. In particular, girls who looked at magazines aimed at adult women had greater dissatisfaction with their appearance. Thus, the present study highlights that girls aged 5–8 years of age are already living in an appearance culture in which both peers and the media influence body image and dieting awareness.Hayley Dohnt, B. Psych. (Hons.), is completing her Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology at Flinders University. Her major research interests are in the area of child psychology and the development of body image.Marika Tiggemann’s Professor of Psychology at Flinders University. Her major research interest is in media influences on body image. She is Associate Editor for the journal Body Image.