系统法学视域下的金融消费者法律保护——以结构要素分析中美制度

在全球金融危机的影响犹在之时,对金融消费者充分保护的重要性愈来愈突显出来。本文以系统法学的视域下结构要素为切入点,审视对金融消费者的法律保护,通过讨论美国在金融消费者保护领域的制度安排及改革,反思中国当前对于金融消费者保护的不足之处,探寻保护金融消费者的有效途径。     

防范消费卡式消费合同风险的法律对策

当今,消费卡式消费合同日渐走入消费者的日常生活,其消费行为的稳定、简便、时尚吸引了众多商家和消费者,但由于缺乏相应的法律监管,给一些不法商家提供了可乘之机,侵害了消费者的合法权益。因此,应加强对消费卡式消费合同的法律监管,明确规范消费卡的发行、使用以及资金安全保障等方面的行为,防范消费卡式消费合同的风险,从而更好地保护消费者的合法权益。     

著作权正当性的危机与出路

在著作权利益集团主导的著作权体制下,著作权成为直接控制消费者的工具以及创作自由与网络技术发展的障碍,从而造成著作权侵权成为一种常态社会现象的危机。只有坚持每一种新生的著作权客体与权利都经过充分的正当性论证、构建以维护创作自由与网络技术发展以及不以消费者为直接控制对象的权利与权利限制制度,才能使已经发生或正在发生的对著作权正当性的偏离得到回归。     

《消费者权益保护法》的惩罚性赔偿原则及条款——以新《消法》修正案通过为背景

1994年《消费者权益保护法》实施以来,法学研究者、社会民众、执法人员等对惩罚性赔偿制度的讨论持有热情,对该制度的司法适用也一直是难点和疑点。《消费者权益保护法》修正案对惩罚性赔偿的修改具有进步意义,但并没有终结对该问题的讨论。以《消费者权益保护法》修正案通过为背景在适用范围、主观要件和赔偿额等方面的讨论仍有空间。     

试论《食品安全法》中关于消费者权益保护的欠缺

消费者是食品链中最大的群体。《食品安全法》的立法之本是为了保护消费者的安全,但是《食品安全法》在消费者权益保护方面却存在很多问题,比如,食品安全概念的狭隘,某些法条难以实施,与其它法律之间互相矛盾等。本文分析了《食品安全法》关于消费者权益保护的欠缺之处,并提出了修改建议。食品药品监督管理总局的成立及食品安全监管部门职能的调整改变了以前分段管理的模式,《食品安全法》要做相应的修改。希望在《食品安全法》的修订过程中可以加强对消费者权益的保护,增加该法的实用性。     

A theoretical framework for the online consumer response process The article is based on Janette Hanekom's Master's dissertation entitled A theoretical framework for the online consumer response process,Department of Communication Science,Unisa, April 2007.

Abstract

This article describes the foundation and development of a theoretical framework for the online consumer response process. It is based on theoretical criteria for web-based commercial communication and the online consumer response process. Central to this article is the development of the concept of web-based commercial communication. This includes all advertising, marketing communication, public relations and promotional messages on the World Wide Web which are intended to move the consumer through certain response phases to the point of purchasing or proceeding to any other type of action; the identification of the marketing communication paradigm shift from offline to online; and the comparison between online and traditional mass media audience characteristics. A theoretical conceptualisation of the online consumer response process is undertaken and an analysis of consumer response models and the theory of the general consumer response process is performed. This article is a theoretical exploration of the phenomenon of ‘online consumer response’ and the proposed theoretical framework is intended to address the dearth of literature on the topic.     

The South African National Credit Act fails to protect homeowners against various interest rates hikes

Where a credit provider makes a proper financial assessment and finds that the low-income consumer will be able to satisfy in a timely manner all the obligations under all the credit agreements to which the consumer is a party he will in all probability conclude the credit agreement with the consumer. Obviously the affordability assessment made by the credit provider will depend on the prevailing interest rates at the time. There has been several interest rate hikes since June 2006 to December 2008 in South Africa that has had a detrimental impact on low-income home owners. Due to the various interest rate hikes and the prevailing high interest rates many consumers have lost their mortgaged homes. The South African National Credit Act of 2005 has failed to take into its purview cases such as these, and as a consequence there is no sort of consumer protection available for the low-income group who become over-indebted, because of the constant rising interest rates on their mortgage loans.     

俄罗斯远东发展生活资料市场的规划和措施

俄罗斯远东的买方市场是在生产能力不足而不是过剩的条件下形成的,许多消费品还依赖进口就是明证。俄罗斯国家和远东地方政府出台了一系列发展生活资料市场的规划和措施,但是远东消费品工业发展滞后的局面难以根本改观。     

金融消费者的权益保护路径

在金融市场发展迅速的今天,传统的消费保护理念与制度没有为金融消费者权益提供充分的保障。次贷危机前后美国金融消费者保护格局发生了根本变化,参考美国的做法,我国应确立金融消费者保护是金融监管的目标,确立宏观审慎为金融监管的原则,并针对我国金融法律法规在消费者权益保护方面的不足,完善金融法并加强金融监管。     

被消费的"文革"历史与当代现实——消费文化语境下《兄弟》的生产与传播

余华的<兄弟>在2005、2006年的分期出版是当代文学的一次重要事件,它的生产与传播过程典型地显示了消费市场和商品文化主导与影响下的文学生产机制对文学的宰制作用.从文学叙事的角度看,消费文化及其文学生产机制影响了<兄弟>的审美品格和叙事特征,"文革"历史与改革时代的现实在小说中呈现出夸饰化、漫画化、荒诞化的倾向.这种文学症候标识出余华由先锋作家到畅销写手的某种隐形蜕变,同时,对于当代文学的发展来说,文学与市场、消费文化保持适度联姻时,要规避其对文学自主性和文学审美品质的潜在伤害,要对消费文化保持适当的警觉.