强制调解：消费纠纷解决的制度选择——基于实证视角的分析

在国家制度为消费纠纷所提供的多元化解决机制中，实证调查表明消费者协会的调解发挥着解纷的重要作用并在消费者的解纷选择中具有优位性。基于消费者对消费者协会调解的需求、使用，以及满意度的经验性评估，为了提升消费者协会的解纷效能，应当建立强调程序合作的程序强制调解制度。     

消费立法问题研究

消费者问题是消费者在生活消费需要中,正当需求得不到满足,并且受到提供消费资料和消费服务的经营者损害而发生的社会问题。消费者问题引发的消费者运动是在市场经济条件下,消费者为维护自身权益,改善其社会地位所进行的社会运动,消费者运动推动了消费者保护的立法。     

完善消费者保护法律制度的几点思考

针对 WTO的新形势和我国在消费者权益保护方面的不足 ,论证如何完善在消费关系 ,格式合同 ,特种买卖 ,消费者个人信息的适用与保护 ,召回制度以及如何追究经营者责任 ,保障消费者获得赔偿等方面的立法。     

我国农村消费市场存在的问题及其对策

目前,由于农民的收入低且增长缓慢,消费观念滞后,以及农村商品结构不合理、基础设施落后等原因,使我国农村市场存在消费不旺等问题。因此,我们必须有针对性地采取措施,提高农民的消费水平,以促进国民经济持续、健康而快速地发展。     

Corporate power in the agro-food system and the consumer food environment in South Africa

This contribution maps the South African agro-food system with a focus on corporate ownership and power, inspired by value chain work applied to the food system as a a whole. Corporations tend to dominate some nodes, for example input supply, grain storage and handling, and feedlots. Other nodes have a corporate core but with a wide number of smaller economic actors, for example agricultural production, food manufacturing, wholesale and retail, and consumer food service. This wide number of actors points to possible areas of intervention to boost livelihoods by supporting their economic activities. The paper considers the influence of corporations in structuring consumer perceptions on food quality and health, from input into apparently neutral dietary-based guidelines to advertising. Financialisation in the food system, including the institutionalisation of share ownership and the rise of agri-investment companies, and the multi-nationalisation of South African agro-food capital especially into Africa, have implications for the ability of the nation state to regulate activities in the agro-food system. The paper concludes with some recommendations for further work.     

投资者到金融消费者的角色嬗变

金融产品的日益抽象化、复杂化和金融交易模式的日益综合化、专业化，导致金融市场投资者群体的身份转化与角色嬗变。非专业投资者或者大众投资者逐渐与消费者融合，成为一类新的市场主体即金融消费者。金融消费者是为满足非营业性的个体金融需要而购买或使用金融商品或者享受金融服务的自然人。对于金融消费者存在其中的法律关系，需要建构体现特殊宗旨或调整方法的法律规范。我国可以在保留现有证券、银行、保险、信托分业监管和分业立法的格局下，建构以保护金融消费者权益为核心的金融服务法或金融消费者权益保护法。     

The Japanese consumer finance market and its institutional changes since the 1980s

Abstract

We assert, in this article, that the joint transformation of public perception about households’ over-indebtedness and financial deregulation had important implications on the government decision to reform overall consumer credit between 2005 and 2010. On the one hand, the development of collective actions by groups of lawyers to defend borrowers from moneylenders’ abusive practices represents a source of change in the public opinion about over-indebted individuals in the context of long economic stagnation. A systematic press article analysis from 1977 to 2006 shows that the rising number of these collective actions since the early 1990s may have gradually increased the political salience of social issues related to the unsecure loan market. On the other hand, financial deregulation has been a source of change by allowing banks to enter the consumer finance market since the early 2000s. Banks entry into this market transformed the logic of complementarity among traditional consumer credit actors (Shinpan, credit card companies and sarakin) in a general context of legal consumers’ protection reinforcement. Thus, evolution of Japanese consumer finance's regulation is particularly relevant to illustrate the forces of institutional change and its consequences.     

Integrating a youth participation model in a youth mental health service: Challenges and lessons learned

Youth participation in mental health settings is fundamental to service design and delivery, and is beneficial for the young people involved as well as the organisation. This paper presents the findings of an evaluation of a youth participation model where tiered participation was attempted in a clinical youth mental health setting. To inform the ongoing development and improvement of a youth participation model, an evaluation was conducted consisting of three focus groups with the youth consultants, consultations with management about the implementation of the tiered participation model, and a review of records. The purpose of this evaluation was to identify possible barriers to implementation early on so these could be addressed and a youth participation model that meets the needs of all key stakeholders could be developed. The findings of this evaluation and the way in which these findings informed the model's development are discussed.