Printed artificial sweat as replacement for natural fingermarks: Qualitative and quantitative approach considering an amino acid reagent

The study presented in this paper aims at assessing how printed fingermarks can be used to generate realistic latent marks bearing varying quantities of materials to be detected. Considering dilution series of artificial sweat (eccrine secretion) and 1,2-indanedione/zinc as amino acid reagent, we assessed how printed marks behave in comparison to natural fingermarks provided by a set of 30 donors. The results were assessed in terms of relative intensity (contrast, luminescence) and expert grading (ridge details, overall quality). With regards to the set of 30 donors, this study brought a quantitative look to the influence of intra- and inter-variability on the relative intensity values observed when processing natural fingermarks. This provided new data to further understand the concept of “donorship”. With regards to the use of printed marks, it has been illustrated how dilution series of a concentrated solution allows covering a range of cases: unnatural marks (intensity values well above those obtained with donors), rich marks (corresponding to fingermarks left by good donors), and faint marks (associated with the kind of results observed with poor donors). Such a range of detection performance offers the possibility to generate fine-tuned detection exercises of varying difficulty levels. Printed items made of artificial sweat could hence constitute a valuable alternative to natural secretions in the context of education and proficiency testing.     

信号肽对O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白在CHO中表达及分泌的影响

构建融合不同信号肽的O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白真核表达载体,筛选不同的分泌型信号肽以提高O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese hamster ovary cell,CHO)中的表达并使其分泌到CHO培养基中。通过PCR方法将10种不同的分泌型信号肽与串联表位基因的5′端相连,分别构建了真核表达载体并转染哺乳动物细胞CHO,采用Western-blot检测CHO培养基中重组表位蛋白累积量,研究结果表明,O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白在CHO中成功分泌表达,不同的分泌型信号肽明显改变O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白在CHO培养基中的累积SCGB1D1 isoform信号肽介导的O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白表达量最高。综上所述,合适的分泌型信号肽促进O型口蹄疫病毒重组表位蛋白在CHO中的分泌。     

Use of RGB values in the Periodic Acid-Schiff color test to determine the presence of vaginal fluid

This study demonstrates how RGB color values from microscopic smears stained with the Periodic Acid-Schiff reagent under standardized microscopy conditions can be used to indicate the presence of vaginal secretions. Based on data obtained in the study, a numeric threshold determined from the sum of separate values for red, blue and green was determined to differentiate vaginal-based samples with other body fluids. Using this threshold, 55 of 57 vaginal-based samples tested positive for the presence of vaginal secretion. Conversely, 27 of 29 smears prepared from other body fluids yielded negative results. However, when graphing RGB sum values against a calculated RGB integer no overlap in data was obtained between all vaginal-based samples and other body fluid samples, clearly differentiating them. One-way ANOVA testing with a 95% confidence interval indicated that vaginal samples from different age groups showed no difference in RGB sum values. Similarly, the location that vaginal swabs were collected (from the outside of a condom or a vaginal swab) also showed no statistical difference using one-way ANOVA at 95% confidence. Furthermore, refrigerated test swabs aged up to 15 months showed no demonstrable differences. Pair-wise t-testing using RGB sum values, however, did show significant differences between vaginal samples and all other body fluids tested. Finally, the method successfully differentiated between pre-and post-coital penile swabs and finger swabs taken before and after digital vaginal penetration in anecdotal comparisons using the method.     

鸡β防御素2成熟肽基因在毕赤酵母中的表达及其抗菌活性分析

为构建基因重组酵母菌株表达鸡β防御素2(Gal-2)并研究其抗菌活性,将鸡β防御素2成熟肽基因克隆到pPIC9K中,获得重组分泌表达质粒pPIC9K-Gal-2并用电转化法转入酵母菌GS115,筛选出阳性克隆后用甲醇诱导,表达上清经Tricine-SDS-PAGE和抑菌试验检测,最后通过禽致病性大肠杆菌CVCC1565感染雏鸡,研究表达上清的预防效果。结果表明,重组分泌表达质粒pPIC9K-Gal-2构建成功,Tricine-SDS-PAGE检测到分子质量在5.8ku左右的目的条带,表达上清能抑制包括2种禽致病菌在内的多种细菌的生长;在禽致病性大肠杆菌感染雏鸡的试验中,注射不同浓度的Gal-2表达上清组与空酵母表达上清组、PBS对照组相比,死亡率均极显著降低(P<0.01),表达上清显示了较好的预防效果。该研究成功构建了表达鸡β防御素2的毕赤酵母菌株,为鸡防御素作为新型饲料添加剂的研发提供了基础。     

根据阴道液中蛋白的SDS-PAGGE谱型鉴定阴道液斑及混合斑

根据阴道液蛋白 SDS-PAGGE 谱型的器官特异性,认定了保存于—30℃、4℃达3年及室温达9年的阴道液斑和保存于室温2个月的混合斑,初步应用于案例鉴定。