鹌鹑减蛋综合征病毒单克隆抗体的制备及生物学特性

以鹌鹑减蛋综合征QAV C94病毒为抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠 ,制备单克隆抗体并对其生物学特性进行鉴定。获得 5株分泌单克隆抗体的细胞株 (命名为H1、H3、H4、H6和H8)。这 5株杂交瘤细胞可长期稳定地分泌单克隆抗体 ,分泌的单克隆抗体为IgG2a亚类 ,具有高度的特异性 ,只特异地作用于鹌鹑减蛋综合征病毒 ;微量血凝抑制试验显示H4有血凝抑制活性 ,腹水效价为 1∶2 6 ;这 5株单克隆抗体都没有沉淀活性 ,也不与CELO抗原发生沉淀反应 ;它们的亲和力以H4最大 ,相对亲和力依次为H4 >H6 >H1 >H8>H3。     

坠落平板玻璃裂纹特征研究

现代生活中,平板玻璃越来越多地被应用到建筑物中,在刑事案件中经常能够提取到经犯罪分子破坏的玻璃碎块,所以对玻璃碎裂痕迹的研究对于侦查破案具有极其重要的意义。文中以平板玻璃坠落后的裂纹痕迹作为研究对象,通过制作实验样本,对裂纹的形成过程、形成原因以及物理模型进行分析研究,得出平板玻璃落地后裂纹中放射纹上的弓形纹向上汇聚、切向裂纹上的弓形纹向下汇聚,放射纹作用点分布位置在离地面较高一侧。     

应用一滴溶剂萃取（SDE）技术提取尿样中苯丙胺类毒品

目的建立一滴溶剂萃取技术（SDE）在尿样中苯丙胺类毒品检验的提取优化方法。方法通过GC／NPD分析，系统考察了溶剂体积，萃取溶剂，搅拌速度，萃取时间等参数对苯丙胺类毒品的SDE萃取效率的影响。结果经实验研究，建立了SDE最优化方法。结论SDE技术是一种新型样品前处理技术，具有操作简单快速，成本低廉等特点，在毒物毒品检验中具有广泛的应用前景。     

TRAJECTORIES OF CRIME AT PLACES: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF STREET SEGMENTS IN THE CITY OF SEATTLE*

Studies of crime at micro places have generally relied on cross‐sectional data and reported the distributions of crime statistics over short periods of time. In this paper we use official crime data to examine the distribution of crime at street segments in Seattle, Washington, over a 14‐year period. We go beyond prior research in two ways. First, we view crime trends at places over a much longer period than other studies that have examined micro places. Second, we use group‐based trajectory analysis to uncover distinctive developmental trends in our data. Our findings support the view that micro places generally have stable concentrations of crime events over time. However, we also find that a relatively small proportion of places belong to groups with steeply rising or declining crime trajectories and that these places are primarily responsible for overall city trends in crime. These findings are particularly important given the more general decline in crime rates observed in Seattle and many other American cities in the 1990s. Our study suggests that the crime drop can be understood not as a general process that occurred across the city landscape but one that was generated in a relatively small group of micro places with strong declining crime trajectories over time.     

Stature estimation using foot dimensions via 3D scanning in Taiwanese male adults

In forensic identification, the use of foot dimensions to predict stature is a requisite. For Taiwanese male stature prediction, available information about stature estimation using foot dimensions is still lacking. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to establish Taiwanese adult male stature prediction models for various foot dimensions. A total of 2,072 male 3D foot models were collected and the subjects' ages ranged from 18 to 59 years old. Thirteen foot dimensions for each foot were utilized in this study. Bilateral differences were tested using paired t-tests. Stature predictions based on different foot dimensions were conducted using simple linear and stepwise regression methods. The results showed significant bilateral differences in the majority of the selected foot dimensions (p < 0.001). Foot length had the highest positive correlation with stature in the right and left foot. Using length-related dimensions generated better prediction accuracy (0.356 < R² < 0.533, 4.193 < SEE < 4.928), whereas the worst accuracy was observed with angle-related dimensions (0.001 < R² < 0.023; 6.072 < SEE < 6.137) when employing a single foot dimension to estimate Taiwanese male stature. Stepwise regression analysis results indicated that the coefficient of determination was improved to 0.590 and 0.593 by applying five and six foot parameters to predict stature, respectively. The findings of the present study suggest that these stature estimation equations can be applied to predict Taiwanese male stature in the forensic science field.     

应用降落PCR检测减蛋综合征病毒的研究

根据已发表的减蛋综合征病毒 (EDSV)核苷酸序列设计了 1对扩增长度为 1 .1kb左右的引物 ,采取降落PCR对EDSV gDNA进行扩增。结果 ,从 2份EDSV鸭胚尿囊液、3份人工感染鸡输卵管组织液的核酸抽提物中 ,均扩增出与设计大小完全一致的目的片段 ,而对照样品的扩增均为阴性 ,该方法最低可检测到 32pg的EDSV gDNA。表明该降落PCR用于检测EDSV特异性和敏感性均较强 ,可用于减蛋综合征的诊断     

个人大病求助互联网服务平台行政规制研究——以水滴筹为例

个人大病网络互助是目前我国应用最为广泛的个人求助形式,一定程度上能够弥补慈善组织社会救助之不足。实践中,个人大病求助互联网服务平台暴露出诸多问题。应从确立监管主体、明确权利义务、开立专门账户、设立第三方基金会、提高准入退出门槛等方面加强对个人大病求助互联网服务平台的行政规制,以营造良好的慈善氛围。     

Foot Patrol in Violent Crime Hot Spots: The Longitudinal Impact of Deterrence and Posttreatment Effects of Displacement

This study revisited the Philadelphia Foot Patrol Experiment and explored the longitudinal deterrent effects of foot patrol in violent crime hot spots using Sherman's (1990) concepts of initial and residual deterrence decay as a theoretical framework. It also explored whether the displacement uncovered during the initial evaluation decayed after the experiment ended. Multilevel growth curve models revealed that beats staffed for 22 weeks had a decaying deterrent effect during the course of the experiment, whereas those staffed for 12 weeks did not. None of the beats had residual deterrence effects relative to the control areas. The displacement uncovered had decayed during the 3 months after the experiment, and it is theoretically plausible that previously displaced offenders returned to the original target areas causing inverse displacement. These results are discussed in the context of Durlauf and Nagin's (2011) recent proposal that prison sentences should be shortened, mandatory minimum statutes repealed, and the cost savings generated by these policy changes shifted into policing budgets to convey more effectively the certainty of detection. It is concluded that if Durlauf and Nagin's proposal is to succeed, then more holistic policing strategies would likely be necessary. Foot patrol as a specific policing tactic seems to fit nicely into a variety of policing paradigms, and suggestions for incorporating them to move beyond strictly enforcement‐based responses are presented.     

IMMIGRATION AND THE RECENT VIOLENT CRIME DROP IN THE UNITED STATES: A POOLED,CROSS‐SECTIONAL TIME‐SERIES ANALYSIS OF METROPOLITAN AREAS*

A good deal of research in recent years has revisited the relationship between immigration and violent crime. Various scholars have suggested that, contrary to the claims of the classic Chicago School, large immigrant populations might be associated with lower rather than higher rates of criminal violence. A limitation of the research in this area is that it has been based largely on cross‐sectional analyses for a restricted range of geographic areas. Using time‐series techniques and annual data for metropolitan areas over the 1994–2004 period, we assess the impact of changes in immigration on changes in violent crime rates. The findings of multivariate analyses indicate that violent crime rates tended to decrease as metropolitan areas experienced gains in their concentration of immigrants. This inverse relationship is especially robust for the offense of robbery. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that the broad reductions in violent crime during recent years are partially attributable to increases in immigration.     

灯盏花素滴丸质量标准研究

目的:研究灯盏花素滴丸的质量标准.方法:采用分光光度法对主药灯盏乙素进行鉴别;用高效液相色谱法测定了灯盏乙素的含量.结果:采用分光光度法(<中华人民共和国药典>2000版一部附录VA进行测定,在284 nm和335 nm的波长处有最大吸收.该方法的线性范围为0.436～2.18 μg,平均回收率为 99.84%, RSD=0.91%(n=6).结论:该方法专属性强,线性良好,具有简便、快速、准确、灵敏等优点,可以作为质量控制的方法.