赫哲族伊玛堪代表性传承人生命历程研究——以尤文凤为个案

伊玛堪是赫哲族世代相传的民间说唱艺术形式,2011年被列入联合国教科等“急需保护的非物质文化遗产名录”。运用生命历程理论,结合观察和深度访谈法,选择省级赫哲族伊玛堪代表性传承人尤文凤为个案,考察其学习、传承伊玛堪的具体过程,提出伊玛堪的传承与保护既需要作为个体生命的代表性传承人发挥主观能动性,也需要政府、市场、专家学者、媒体等多种社会力量与其协同合作。     

UNESCO,world heritage and the gridlock over Yemen

Abstract

Since March 2015, the Saudi-led military intervention in Yemen has had devastating consequences for the country, its people and its rich cultural heritage. This article traces the responses of the world’s foremost multilateral body concerned with heritage promotion and protection, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Drawing on extensive interviews, archival research and long-term ethnographic research on UNESCO itself and, more specifically, its responses to the war in Yemen, it documents UNESCO’s profound failures in protecting Yemen’s heritage and in confronting the Saudi-led coalition. To do so, the article utilises the framework of ‘gridlock’ to analyse how and why multilateral bodies such as UNESCO become hamstrung in confronting powerful member states in conflict. The article concludes by arguing that UNESCO’s failures in Yemen hold powerful lessons about the role of multilateral institutions in addressing conflict.     

论20世纪中国小说的文化底蕴

20世纪中国小说在与西方的交流中凸显了文化底蕴.中国文化的主要内容和深刻精神在各种形态的小说创作中都有体现.中国文化的自然生态与社会生态,是中国小说叙事中人物心态的生长条件;小说在中国文化的边缘与异端的地位,即使当小说进入文学的中心,也有深刻的作用.不同文化的间性与中国文化的本性,表现了中国小说与异文化的交往中复杂的形态.20世纪中国小说对传统文化的承传与创新,展现了中国文化的永恒价值和生生不息的活力.     

以文化生命体的观点审视文化遗产地的可持续发展--以云南丽江古城为例

在一个具有生命力的文化遗产地,文化不是以独立的形态存在的,每种文化都有其依附的载体。自然生境、历史意境和创造该文化的人构成了三位一体的文化生命体,其中文化是其灵魂,人是其创造者,自然生境、历史意境及人是文化的载体。通过不断发挥人的主观能动性和创造性,文化生命体便得以持续发展。     

人类遗产与家园生态

遗产作为一种特殊的“财产”,与人类有着脱不了的干系。对它的认识、理解与解释构成了一系列复杂、多样和变迁的结构关系。理解这些关系对于真正了解遗产和对遗产的有效保护至关重要。在现代大规模群众旅游的活动中,各类遗产都面临着人类新的认识和选择,而这些认识和选择表现出对人类自我家园的重新“建构”。同时,这一切也与中国政府所制定的“和谐社会”和“可持续性发展”战略有着直接的关系。     

The Quality of Annual Reporting by Italian Museums: An International Comparison

We study the quality of disclosure and the level of accountability of Italian museums using MPADI2 index (Wei et al. 2008; Botes et al. 2013) on a sample of 13 annual reports which, given the legal status of some entities, encompasses the activity of 93 Italian public and private museums, many of which are within the most visited in Italy and worldwide. The results allow for an international comparison with the annual reports of a panel of USA, UK and European museums which have undergone the same MPADI2 analysis, giving an interesting insight about museum different disclosing practices across countries.     

新型城镇化背景下传统文化的传承与利用——以闽江口历史文化名镇名村为例

新型城镇化强调以人为本和可持续发展,有别于传统的以房地产推动的发展模式。在此背景下,传统村落要可持续发展,不仅需保护好古建筑等物质文化遗产,传承非物质文化遗产,还要让文化遗产保护与改善村民生活环境、提高就业收入相结合。政府应负起公共文化服务责任,加大资金投入,加强文化遗产保护的政策法规供给,发挥农民的主体作用,引导社会力量和知识分子参与,通过发展文化旅游业、社区营造等手段,使历史文化名镇名村在内的传统村落的优秀传统文化得以充分利用和传承延续。     

Goals and tactics of President Gerald Ford's ethnic politics

This article analyzes initiatives of Gerald Ford's presidential administration toward nationalities or the so-called white ethnics against the backdrop of the legacy of Richard Nixon and the Republican Party's ethnic politics of the 1960s. Using archival and interview materials, it demonstrates that Gerald Ford intended to improve the relationship between the President's office and the ethnics who were involved in the Republican Party's structures. He consciously tried to respond to ethnics’ political concerns and even created a special position on his staff for working with the nationalities. While in office and during the election campaign of 1976, Ford succeeded in engaging the ethnics and in demonstrating his will to address their needs on the domestic “front.” He failed, however, to fully appreciate the importance of foreign policy to the nationalities. The article proposes that today, as in the 1970s, the American political establishment would benefit from recognizing international issues as crucial elements of white ethnics’ or nationalities’ political behavior.     

Heritage Tourism in the Caribbean: The Politics of Culture after Neoliberalism

As neoliberalism has taken root in the Caribbean, heritage tourism has grown enormously. Using examples drawn from the Trinidad Carnival, this article shows how culture becomes a marketing force in the wake of increasingly difficult economic times in the Caribbean. As selling culture increases in importance for the overall economic health of Caribbean economies, it becomes, more and more, the focus of Caribbean states and state agencies and a basis for state sovereignty. Drawing on Foucault's notion of biopower, the article draws a connection between the increasing importance of cultural performances for state revenue and government intervention into those performances.     

我国自然遗产保护立法的困境与出路

随着时代的发展,自然遗产保护的国内立法呈现出许多问题,集中地表现在自然遗产界定标准的扩大化、管理体制的选择、中央与地方立法权的冲突、立法模式困境,以及法律责任的弱化。《中华人民共和国自然遗产保护法（征求意见稿）》的审议正在进行中,借鉴他国立法经验,克服现有国内立法的不足,具有重要的意义和价值。