城市生活垃圾堆肥处理技术发展方向探讨

结合多年来在生活垃圾管理特别是堆肥厂的日常运行管理方面的经验,总结了目前我国生活垃圾堆肥处理技术应用现状和堆肥厂实际运行过程中存在的问题,并对今后堆肥技术的发展提出几点看法.综合评价垃圾堆肥技术、给予垃圾堆肥技术正确定位、选择合理堆肥工艺、充分发挥垃圾堆肥的优势、提高堆肥质量和开拓堆肥产品市场是今后垃圾堆肥技术发展的关键因素.     

欧盟电子废弃物指令适用范围探析

欧盟的电子废弃物指令(包括WEEE指令和RoHS指令)是目前影响范围最广、适用电子电气设备种类最多的电子废弃物管理法,不论从对欧贸易的角度来说,还是从我国自身立法的角度来看,都应对其认真研究.目前,国内对这两个指令的研究已经展开,但是对其适用范围尚缺乏系统深入的探究,本文准备弥补这一空白.     

当前地方政府奢侈浪费现象及其治理

艰苦奋斗的延安精神是我们党的传家宝,永远都不能丢弃。但是,当前我国一些地方政府领导干部的艰苦奋斗、勤俭建国意识淡薄,成本观念缺乏,导致许多如水电能源浪费、三公消费浪费、错误决策浪费、庆典祭祀浪费及会议评比浪费等浪费现象的发生。究其原因在于观念错位和规范缺失。因此,弘扬艰苦奋斗精神,树立现代行政观念;加快法制建设步伐,完善监督制约机制;健全并完善财政预算体制、绩效考核制度和行政问责制度;强力推进政务公开等,应成为遏制地方政府奢侈浪费现象的必然选择。     

医疗废物处置管理的法治应对

医疗废物具有危险性、污染性、毒性等特征,一旦得不到及时、安全、妥善处置,就可能产生二次传染,对环境安全和人民生命健康造成严重威胁。文章针对我国医疗废物处置管理存在的问题,从完善医疗废物处置管理立法体系、法律机制和监督问责制,建立多元机制等方面提出了有效的建议。     

在经济复苏中推进循环经济发展——基于实施家电以旧换新政策的分析

家电以旧换新政策具有经济与环保的双重效应,其政策实施方案是促进经济复苏举措中有利于中国循环经济发展的典型代表,应从推进家电产业发展循环经济的高度,在生产者环保责任、行业规划与支持政策、信息管理、环保法规宣传与执行等方面做出进一步努力。     

Heavy Metal Accumulation and DNA Changes in Plants Around an Electronic Waste Dumpsite Suggested Environmental Management Plan

This research studied accumulation of heavy metals in soil and three plant species in E-waste dumpsite in Kalasin Province, Thailand. DNA changes in the plants were accessed by DNA fingerprinting and genomic template stability (GTS) analyses. Concentrations of the metals were in the order of Zn > Pb > Cd > Cr. The Bioconcentration Factor (BCF), Translocation Factor (TF), and Enrichment Factor (EF) values showed that Typha angustifolia was suitable for phytoremediation of Cd, Pb, and Zn. However, after the process of phytoremediation, appropriate abolishment of the heavy-metal containing plants should be taken to prevent the metals from passing along the food web. The GTS values ranged from 54.23 to 69.35%. These results suggest that heavy metals have affected the genotoxicity of plants grown in the electronic waste dumpsite.     

Somali pirates: villains or victims?

The proliferation of piracy activity off the coast of Somalia has received a fair share of international attention. Its consequences have included a destabilising effect on trade, security and humanitarian aid. This has served to give reason for the deployment of multi-national forces by some of the countries affected by the scourge. While naval patrols have reduced the success rate of piracy attacks in some areas, there has been little respite in piracy incidents with the overall number of attacks and their geographic scope increasing. Piracy off the coast of Somalia has, in fact, evolved into organised syndicates with transnational networks. The problem is that various international actors have largely viewed piracy off the coast of Somalia in terms of threats to their own national interests and security. They have, thus, dealt with the issue in isolation from its wider context, which has not succeeded in ending the attacks. This article argues that to deal with the piracy problem more meaningfully, there is need for a contextual framework beyond addressing the ‘illegal’ activities. Piracy is a complex problem, with political, legal, social, economic, security and even human rights dimensions, and calls for a truly holistic approach that, especially, seeks to address the root causes on land. The article calls for a change in strategies in order to facilitate a ‘local Somali solution’ rather than an international one that is acceptable to the sensibilities of international actors. The article emphasises the need to extend the strong international cooperation demonstrated on the high seas in the fight against piracy to the fight against root causes of piracy onshore.     

The history of devolution of powers to local authorities in South Africa: The shifting sands of state control

Urban waste services in Portugal have historically been provided together with other services, such as the water services. Despite the lack of discussion on this subject in the literature, some questions have been raised about the gains, in terms of efficiency, of this policy. Following a recent and robust partial nonparametric frontier model, based on order-α, we intend to evaluate the presence of economies of scope in the Portuguese waste sector. Furthermore, we also estimate the economies of scale using the traditional data envelopment analysis. The results show the absence of economies of scope between waste and water (and wastewater) services. In addition, we identify the presence of economies of scale in smaller municipalities. These outcomes might be useful for policy and decision makers in further reforms.     

农村生活垃圾循环利用法律体系的建构

随着农村经济的发展和居民生活消费方式的改变,农村生活垃圾急剧增多。当前也存在一些中小城市向农村地区转移生活垃圾来解决＂垃圾围城＂困境的不良现象。在这样＂内忧外患＂的困境下,本文提出适合农村未来发展的生活垃圾循环利用模式,并通过讨论其必要性与可行性,梳理现行立法,提出相应的对策建议。