Cyberspace,simulation, artificial intelligence,affectionate machines and being human

Abstract

This article focuses on the question whether the technologically enabled advent of ‘virtual reality’ or ‘cyberspace’ has a significant impact on human experience of the world. Gilbert Germain's work on Virilio and Baudrillard gives greater insight in this regard, specifically regarding cyberspace as the new ‘frontier’, and focuses on the alienating effects of cyberspace regarding the human life-world. Turkle's recent work regarding robotics similarly points to a fundamental shift in human attitudes towards ‘embodied’ artificial intelligence, especially concerning its capacity for affectivity, which further marks a turning away from the complexity of human relationships in favour of supposedly uncomplicated ‘machine relationships’. Derrida enables one to better understand the changing relation between humans and machines in terms of the reconfiguration of human subjectivity. Together with Turkle's work in this domain, it points to a surprising ‘reconfiguration’ of conceptions regarding being human. Finally, Feenberg's retrospective on the fraught relations between humans and technology, as reflected in various fictional and theoretical works, as well as social developments, provides a suitable conclusion, given his affirmative remarks on the prospects of human autonomy in relation to the Internet.     

Online protection of the child within Europe

This article discusses the online protection available to children and young people within Europe. Children and young people are significant users of information technology and they must be able and comfortable to safely use this technology. The European Union and the Council of Europe have been at the vanguard of attempts to regulate the information society in order to protect young netizens.     

论计算机犯罪及防范对策

本文通过对计算机犯罪的概念、特点的分析,阐述了计算机犯罪这一新型犯罪的严重社会危害性,呼吁社会各界予以密切关注。同时,针对计算机犯罪分子的类型和一般方法,提出若干项防范对策,构成了预防和惩治计算机犯罪的完备系统。     

电脑量刑的效用研究

“电脑量刑”是一种借助电脑来量刑的方式，“电脑量刑”有利于公正断案、抑制司法腐败，在我国司法实践中具有存在的必要性和可行性。但是，根治司法腐败主要是靠制度完善和法官素质的提高，电脑只能作为法官量刑的一种辅助手段。电脑不能替代法官而成为量刑主体，需要正确处理好电脑量刑和法官自由裁量权之间的关系。     

“电脑量刑”探析

目前,“电脑量刑”在我国司法实践中存在必要性和可行性。但是,更不能忽视其局限性,作为法官量刑的一种辅助手段,电脑生成的数据只能作为法官量刑的参考,使用中必须持慎重态度,电脑不能替代法官而成为量刑主体。     

浅析电脑量刑的技术实现——以《计算机辅助量刑系统》的研发为例

电脑量刑系统是一种模拟人类量刑智能的人工智能软件。该软件在技术实现上要基于一定的量刑理论和方法，一般应由知识库和程序代码两部分组成——人工智能的设计和实现应在这两者之间进行合理分配。同时，软件设计应尽量满足柔软性好、操作方便、扩展性强等要求。     

Off-Campus,Harmful Online Student Speech

Abstract

This article discusses issues related to off-campus, harmful student speech on the Internet. The article explores the characteristics of this harmful speech, including (a) the speech originates off-campus. It has been created and disseminated without the use of school computers or Internet capabilities; (b) the speech has a school nexus. The speech relates to the district, the school, board members, administrators, teachers, or other students; (c) the speech is defamatory, constitutes bullying, harassment, or discrimination, discloses personal information, or contains offensive, vulgar, or derogatory comments; (d) the speech may occur in a variety of Internet locations. It may appear on a student-created Website, material posted to a Web log (“blogs”), or may be disseminated via some form of Internet communication, including e-mail, bulletin boards, chat, instant messaging and the like; and (e) the creator and disseminator of such speech is or appears to be a student.