有机磷农药薄层色谱溴酚蓝显色法的改进

目的对有机磷农药薄层色谱溴酚蓝显色法进行改进,使该检验方法更完善。方法采用薄层色谱溴酚蓝—柠檬酸显色。结果显色背景呈纯正的浅黄色,并且颜色稳定。结论该方法操作简单、快速、检测灵敏度高。     

血中安非拉酮的薄层色谱扫描检测研究

建立血中安非拉酮的快速检测方法。用环已烷或氯仿提取,薄层层析分离,薄层扫描定性和定量检测。结果显示：血清中安非拉酮的线性检测范围为0．2～12μm／ml,最小检出浓度为0．1μg／ml。2例服药过量患者血清中安非拉酮含量为3．2mg／L和4．7mg／L。本法可用于安非拉酮中毒的快速诊断和安非拉酮中毒的法医学鉴定。     

安眠酮薄层色谱扫描检测研究

本文通过实验研究改进了安眠酮的提取方法，以卡马西平为内标建立了血中安眠酮的薄层色谱扫描定性定量检测方法，研究了安眠酮在家兔体内的毒物动力学过程。     

植物酶在解剖组织中有机磷、氨基甲酸酯农药检测中的应用

本文报导了有机磷和氨基甲酸酯检测的一个新的酶抑制法.该法基于有机磷和氨基甲酸酯化合物对植物酶水解底物2,6-二氯乙酰靛酚的抑制作用.本法简单,快速,适于农药中毒的现场检验.其最小检出量分别为0.2～1μg/μ1和1～2μg/ml.     

An evaluation of matching unknown writing inks with the United States International Ink Library

Utilizing a database of standards for forensic casework is a valuable resource. Undoubtedly, as more standards (and corresponding information about the specimens) are collected, there is a greater certainty of identification when a questioned and a known item cannot be distinguished after a series of analyses. The United States Secret Service and the Internal Revenue Service National Forensic Laboratory jointly maintain the largest known forensic collection of writing inks in the world, which is comprised of over 8500 ink standards collected worldwide, dating back to the 1920s. This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability of matching arbitrarily purchased pens with known inks from a database. One hundred pens were randomly obtained from a variety of sources and their respective ink compositions were compared with standards. Eighty-five of the inks were determined to be suitable for comparison utilizing optical examinations and thin-layer chromatography. Three of the inks did not match any of the specimens on record; one of these inks was similar to an ink from an identical brand of pen that was in the database, but had a modified formulation.     

Simultaneous identification/determination system for phentolamine and sildenafil as adulterants in soft drinks advertising roborant nutrition

An easily available, simultaneous identification/determination procedure for phentolamine (PHE) and sildenafil (SIL) in adulterated dietary supplements was established by using a combination of three different analytical methods; thin-layer chromatography (TLC), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/photo-diode-array. The sample solution for TLC was applied to silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ plates with chloroform/ammonia solution (28)/methanol (70:5:3, lower layer) and chloroform/diethylamine/methanol (15:3:2) as the developing solvent. Spots were located under UV radiation at 254 nm. Mass spectra of PHE and SIL by LC/MS were investigated with electrospray ionization (ESI) interface, under both positive and negative ion mode. The HPLC analysis was performed on a column of Wakosil 5C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm) with water/methanol/acetonitrile/triethylamine (580:250:170:1) adjusted with phosphoric acid to pH 3.0 as the mobile phase, and the effluent was monitored with a photo-diode-array detector. Quantitative HPLC analysis of PHE and SIL were detected at 280 nm. When this procedure was applied to commercial soft drinks, PHE and SIL were identified and determined at a concentration of 17 mg PHE and 44 mg SIL per bottle, respectively. The procedure described here is available for the screening of PHE and SIL in adulterated supplements.     

Drugs in motorists traveling Swedish roads: on-the-road-detection of intoxicated drivers and screening for drugs in these offenders

This paper deals with the police officer's or police doctor's ability to find drivers under the influence of drugs. We have also studied whether the protocol on the driver's previous histories of drug intake is useful for directing the chemist in his analytical approach to revealing intoxicants in the suspects' body fluids. A comprehensive procedure for screening traffic-hazardous drugs in the urine was found necessary and is described. By using this method, we have studied the incidence of drunken drivers with detectable medicinal or illicit agents. The results demonstrate that 91% of those drivers found by the officer or doctor of the police to be on intoxicants other than ethanol, carried some kind of traffic-hazardous drug in their body fluids, and that the doctor was a better judge than the police in identifying these offenders. By using a series of chemical methods for drug screening, we found that every third driver suspected of drunken driving due to ethanol, but not to other intoxicants, held some kind of a traffic-hazardous drug substance in his urine; benzodiazepines and cannabinoids were the most common findings. The data imply that 34% of these suspects revealed their intakes of traffic-dangerous intoxicants. We conclude that the judgements of both the officer and doctor of the police are needed for an efficacious detection of drivers under the influence of drugs. Moreover, the results infer that the chemist has to screen for intoxicants to reveal these in a suspect driver. We also conclude that drugs, particularly the benzodiazepines or cannabinoids, may be commonly encountered in drunken drivers, suspected of being inebriated by ethanol but no other toxicants.     

Thin layer chromatography/fluorescence detection of 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine and related compounds

A rapid and sensitive method for the detection of six methylenedioxylatedphenethylamines, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA); 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine; N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butamine; N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3-butamine; and 3,4-methylenedioxydimethylamphetamine, by thin-layer chromatography with fluorescence detection is proposed. These compounds form fluorophores on the developing plate following spraying with a reagent consisting of sodium hypochlorite, potassium hexacyanoferrate (III), and sodium hydroxide, and heating for 3 min at 100 degrees C. Blue fluorescent spots were observed under ultraviolet light in a wavelength range of 250-400 nm. The detection limits for MDMA and the above related compounds were 50 ng. The proposed method was effectively applied to the detection of MDMA in urine samples.     

A TLC visualisation reagent for dimethylamphetamine and other abused tertiary amines

Application of citric acid/acetic anhydride reagent (CAR), a colour reagent selective for tertiary amines in solution, improves detection of abused tertiary amino drugs on the TLC plate. The plate is pretreated by a brief immersion in phosphoric acid/acetone solution to suppress colouration. After suppressing, the plate is sprayed with CAR and heated at 100 degrees C, causing tertiary amines to turn red purple within 3 minutes. The sensitivity of this new CAR method is 2.5 to 15-times greater than that of conventional detection with Dragendorff reagent for some of the tertiary amines dimethylamphetamine, methylephedrine, levomepromazine, chlorpromazine, caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and nicotine. This present method provides rapid TLC detection of abused tertiary amino drugs such as phenethylamine, phenothiazine, xanthine derivative, nicotine and narcotics.     

道路交通事故现场润滑油物证检验方法研究

在侦破交通肇事逃逸案件中,润滑油的鉴别是非常重要的。因此文中收集了108种不同厂家、不同品牌的适用于不同车型的润滑油样品,分别进行了荧光、薄层色谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱的检验,并建立了润滑油的系统检验方法,结果显示,上述方法用于润滑油样品的品种检验具有简单、快速、灵敏的特点。