试述机动车双号字码建库的可行性、方法及现实意义

为有效地遏制和打击盗抢机动车犯罪，为侦查人员提供现场识别被盗抢机动车的手段，借鉴DNA和指纹建库的方法，对每款车型的发动机号码和车架号码字母、数字形态建库，利用简单设备，即可实现对可疑机动车辆现场对照查验。     

案例教学法在数据库教学中的应用

通过实践教学,就如何提高高职院校非计算机专业学生对数据库的学习兴趣,提出了新的教学方法———“案例教学法”,取得了良好的教学效果。     

“中国罪犯DNA数据库“模式库:13个STR位点基因在中国人群中的分布

目的:对D3S1358、vWA、FGA、D8S1179、D21S11、D18S51、D5S818、D13S317、D16S539、THO1、TPOX、CSF1PO、D7S820等13个STR位点进行多态性调查,探索其用于"罪犯DNA数据库"的可行性.方法:用多重PCR和四色荧光自动化检测技术分析13个STR位点的基因型,计算各位点等位基因的分布频率.结果:获得13个STR位点在中国南北汉族、维吾尔族、回族人群中的等位基因分布频率资料.结论:上述位点适合作为中国人群的遗传学标志,用于"中国罪犯DNA数据库"的建立.     

从数字化建设出发不断提高管理水平--中共大连市委党校教学管理系统应用程序浅议

中共大连市委党校教学管理部门为配合校园网建设,针对党校教学特点开发出"中共大连市委党校教学管理系统"应用软件,初步实现了教学管理程序化,提高了工作效率和管理水平.     

中国刑事技术专家数据库建设的质量控制

质量是数据库建设的核心。本文从数据库建设的实践出发,探讨了从标准化、规范化,严格建设中的工作程序,强化检索功能,加强日常性维护,增强建设人员的教育培训等五个方面加强数据库质量控制的可行性与必要性。     

Performance of the supervised learning algorithms in sex estimation of the proximal femur: A comparative study in contemporary Egyptian and Turkish samples

Sex estimation standards are population specific however, we argue that machine learning techniques (ML) may enhance the biological sex determination on trans-population application. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) versus nine ML including quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), support vector machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Gaussian process (GPC), Naïve Bayesian (NBC), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RFM) and Adaptive boosting (Adaboost) were compared. The experiments involve two contemporary populations: Turkish (n = 300) and Egyptian populations (n = 100) for training and validation, respectively. Base models were calibrated using isotonic and sigmoid calibration schemes. Results were analyzed at posterior probabilities (pp) thresholds >0.95 and >0.80. At pp = 0.5, ML algorithms yielded comparable accuracies in the training (90% to 97%) and test sets (81% to 88%) which are not modified after employing the calibration techniques. At pp >0.95, the raw RFM, LDA, QDA, and SVM models have shown the best performance however, calibration techniques improved the performance of various classifier especially NBC and Adaboost. By contrast, the performance of GPC, KNN, QDA models worsened by calibration. RFM has shown the best performance among all models at both thresholds whereas LDA benefited the best from using both calibration methods at pp >0.80. Complex ML models are not necessarily achieving better performance metrics. LDA and QDA remain the fastest and simplest classifiers. We demonstrated the capability of enhancing sex estimation using ML on an independent population sample however, differences in the underlying probability distribution generated by models were detected which warranted more cautious application by forensic practitioners.     

Automated DNA casework workflow: A retrospective study of the first implementation of FIDL at the Netherlands Forensic Institute

FIDL is a fast and automated DNA identification line which represents a series of software solutions automating the process from raw capillary electrophoresis data to reporting. This retrospective study provides insight in the numbers of cases, turnaround time, results compared to the standard workflow and the benefits automation has in a large volume workflow.     

天津市法医DNA数据库的应用与发展

建立的天津市法医DNA数据库系统 ,将DNA分析技术的高效性与计算机系统的储存、高效检索的功能有机结合 ,实现了从受案到结案及建库的全程标准化、规范化、网络化管理。该系统启用一年多以来 ,为本地区侦查机关提供了百余起案件的破案线索 ,在多起重特大刑事案件的串并侦破中发挥了关键作用 ,技术破案率明显提高     

大数据时代互联网平台公开数据赋权保护的反思与法律救济进路

对于互联网平台公开数据的保护不宜采取赋权的强保护模式,应当采取反不正当竞争法的行为规制模式。激励理论与公地悲剧理论不能作为互联网平台公开数据赋权保护的正当性基础,赋权保护无法满足数据权利的法定性与透明度的内在要求,强行适用赋权保护会过度妨害数据市场运转、数据技术提升、科学研究以及数据共享。运用反不正当竞争法保护互联网平台公开数据时,须转变数据保护的思维理念,摒弃司法实践中的权利侵害式裁判模式,回归对互联网平台数据竞争行为自身的正当性评判。在一般性条款的适用过程中,司法裁判者应秉持反不正当竞争法的谦抑性,并借用比例原则对互联网平台数据竞争行为的边界进行限定,维持不同数据相关主体利益以及公共利益之间的平衡。     

The collation of forensic DNA case data into a multi-dimensional intelligence database

The primary aim of any DNA Database is to link individuals to unsolved offenses and unsolved offenses to each other via DNA profiling. This aim has been successfully realised during the operation of the New Zealand (NZ) DNA Databank over the past five years. The DNA Intelligence Project (DIP), a collaborative project involving NZ forensic and law enforcement agencies, interrogated the forensic case data held on the NZ DNA databank and collated it into a functional intelligence database. This database has been used to identify significant trends which direct Police and forensic personnel towards the most appropriate use of DNA technology. Intelligence is being provided in areas such as the level of usage of DNA techniques in criminal investigation, the relative success of crime scene samples and the geographical distribution of crimes. The DIP has broadened the dimensions of the information offered through the NZ DNA Databank and has furthered the understanding and investigative capability of both Police and forensic scientists. The outcomes of this research fit soundly with the current policies of 'intelligence led policing', which are being adopted by Police jurisdictions locally and overseas.