第二次世界大战结束前日俄、日苏关系的特点

第二次世界大战前的日俄、日苏关系是影响东亚地区国际关系格局的重要双边关系。在日本明治维新以前日俄关系具有西方殖民列强与亚洲闭关锁国的封建国家之间关系的特点，总体态势是“俄攻日守”。明治维新到十月革命前的日俄关系具有老牌的殖民主义列强与新兴殖民主义列强之间关系的特点，日俄在东亚既有争夺，又有合作，日本逐渐占了上风。十月革命后日苏关系既有社会主义国家和帝国主义国家之间的关系、邻国关系的特点，又有较为浓厚的欧洲国家和亚洲国家之间关系的特点。这时期，两国之间始终未能建立真正的信赖关系，经历了“日攻苏守”到“苏攻日守”的转变过程。

On Overall Characteristics of Japan-Russian and Japan-Soviet Relations before the Second World War

Japan - Russian and Japan - Soviet relations before the Second World War were importrnt bilateral ones which affected the pattern of the international relations in the Northeast Asia. Before the Meiji Reform in Japan, the general state of Japan - Russian rela- tions was 'a Japanese defence against a Russian attack' . The Japan - Russian relations from the Meiji Reform to the October Revolution had the characteristics of the relationship between old colonialist powers and new colonialist powers. Japan and Russia both competed and cooperated in the East Asia and Japan got the upper hand gradually. Japan - Soviet relations after the October Revolution had the fea- tures of the relationship between socialist countries and imperialist countries, between neighboring countries and between European coun- tries and Asian countries. During this period, the two countries did no establish a real trust relationship between them all the way. Their relations went through a swing process from "a Soviet defence against a Japanese attack" to "a Japanese defence against a Soviet attack".