美国《2005年集团诉讼公平法》及其启示

为规制集团诉讼在消费者保护领域的滥用现象,美国出台了2005年集团诉讼公平法.该法对美国原有的集团诉讼规则进行了重大变革,尤其在管辖权规则与和解规则的完善方面.中国应在立法理念、立法技术等方面借鉴美国经验,完善民事诉讼模式,逐步建立集团诉讼机制.     

Critical Review of the Equivalence between P2P Lending and Debt-Based Crowdfunding

The equivalence theory between P2P lending and debt-based crowd-funding mistakenly equates the debt-based crowd-funding that recognized by itself and that in the JOBS Act, which has misled the Chinese regulators in terms of regulatory timing and strategy, distorted the credit risk control system in relation to risk prevention, and kicked off many regulatory conundrums concerned with the P2P lending participants’ role in the context of securities regulation. The rules and regulations concerning debt-based crowd-funding in the JOBS Act are not transplantable for P2P lending regulation in China,nor is the securities regulatory regime. In order to avoid the negative effects caused by the equivalence theory, we should abandon it.     

《治安管理处罚法》的立法缺憾剖析——兼与相关法律规范之比较

《治安管理处罚法》是一部对我国社会生活有着重大影响的法律。虽然该法在立法理念、立法内容等方面取得了一定的突破,立法成本和调整社会关系的成本也相对降低。但对该法的立法进行深层剖析以及与相关法律规范的比较分析后发现,该法仍在立法理念、规制权力以及与相关法律衔接、协调等方面存在着诸多缺憾,需要进一步改进和完善。     

论我国电信企业入门资格的行政许可

电信网络资源的稀缺性要求对从业者进行总量控制,这是行业初期采用特许入门的经济学基础。随着电信技术的发展,电信业的自然垄断性可以最大程度地与运营资格剥离:只有涉及使用稀缺资源的领域才有必要保留特许。待行业发展成熟后,管制重点不在入门,而是以清晰的权利义务规范为依据的日常监管。如果不涉及稀缺资源使用权分配,可不设入门许可,或采用登记制。欧盟电信框架指令和美国1996年电信法皆反映了此立法趋势。     

Identifying Miscarriages of Justice: Why Innocence in the UK is Not the Answer

This article examines two contrasting proposals for the reform of criminal appeals: the government's recent proposal that the guilty should no longer have their convictions quashed on 'technicalities'; and calls by campaigners for the Court of Appeal to consider innocence rather than the 'safety of the conviction,' together with their associated attempts to establish Innocence Projects in the UK. Despite the rhetorical power of 'innocence' as a campaigning tool, it is contended that to import such a standard into the legal system would be retrogressive and counter-productive, both as a safeguard against wrongful convictions and in protecting the integrity of the system. In order to be meaningful, due process protections must apply to all. The government's proposals attack this principle directly; innocence campaigners risk unwittingly assisting their endeavours.     

宽严相济政策对犯罪控制效率的兼顾

宽严相济的刑事政策以促进社会和谐为基本价值目标,但这一政策对犯罪控制的效率可能产生一定的消极影响。犯罪控制效率同样决定着社会和谐的程度,因此,实施宽严相济刑事政策必须兼顾犯罪控制的效率。其主要对策是,借鉴《联合国反腐败公约》制定的反腐败策略,在立法和司法两个层面鼓励涉嫌犯罪者与刑事执法机关合作,并以现代侦查手段武装侦查机关,提高侦查、公诉机关揭露和证实犯罪的能力。     

试论实现给付行政任务的公私协力行为

行政法中公私协力问题在德国、日本以及我国台湾地区等地都有相当大的发展和相当精深的研究。当前公私协力行为在我国大陆行政实践中也广泛存在,然而我国大陆行政法学者的关注却很不够,理论研究严重滞后于现实发展的需要。从实现给付行政的国家任务入手,可以从宏观上把握公私协力所处的时代背景和所秉持的行政法理念。公私协力中的行为形式选择既是重要的理论问题,也是实践中无法回避的问题。公私协力行为也对传统行政法学构成巨大的挑战,理应获得足够的重视。     

《公务员法》的十大创新

《中华人民共和国公务员法》着力解决了公务员管理实践中的突出问题,在公务员范围、职务级别制度、考核、录用、奖励制度、职务任免、升降制度、培训制度、工资制度、辞职制度、申诉制度、职位聘任制度、法律责任制度等方面都有不少创新。     

试论当代欧美反倾销法的贸易保护主义功能

当代欧美反倾销法的贸易保护主义功能越来越强。一方面 ,其反倾销法中不合理、不公平的规定仍然存在 ,同时 ,其内容越来越严密与完善。另一方面 ,欧美反倾销法的很多实体性规定弹性极大 ,增强了操作时的人为因素。此外 ,其反倾销法中严格的程序性规定也为其贸易保护主义政策的实现起到了推波助澜的作用     

The Bleak House of Surrogacy: Broidy v. St Helen's and Knowsley Health Authority

This note examines the British case of Broidy v. St Helen's andKnowsley Health Authority in which Margaret Broidy was unsuccessful in anegligence action against the defendant Health Authority following an emergency caesareanoperation in which a hysterectomy had been performed as `essential'. Of particularfeminist interest is the fact that Broidy's claim for, inter alia, the costs of asurrogacy arrangement to be carried out in California was refused on the basis that it wasnot reasonable – the chances of success of the surrogacy arrangement being deemed tooremote. Set within the context of an increasingly prolific number ofworld-wide surrogacy stories, the Broidy decision is analysed as providing a recentillustration of some of the difficult implications of the reproductive option which surrogacyhas now become.