Evaluation of 12 Y-chromosome STR loci in Western Mediterranean populations

With the aim to establish a Y-STR haplotype database, a total of 554 males from seven Western Mediterranean populations were genotyped for the 12 Y-chromosome STR loci (minimal haplotype extended by loci DYS437, DYS438 and DYS439) included in the Powerplex Y System (Promega).Among the 554 males analyzed, 443 different haplotypes were obtained, of which 372 were unique. The other haplotypes were shared by two to seven men. The two most frequent haplotypes were both found in seven Ibiza men. A remarkable haplotype diversity of 0.9988 ± 0.0002 was observed.The haplotypes were searched against the Y-haplotype reference database (YHRD) and 149 haplotypes matched to at least one YHRD sample.     

Analysis of 16 Y-STRs in a sample of Colombian males

We studied and stablished a data base of 16 Y-STR (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I/II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS460, DYS461, GATA-A10, GATA-H4 and DYS635) in 133 unrelated Colombian males. The haplotype diversity was 0.9997 ± 0.0010. One hundred thirty one different haplotypes were found and only one was found three times. Good allelic representation in all the systems was observed, between 3 and 7 alleles, with the exception of the DYS385 with 35 allelic classes. DYS385 displayed the greater genic diversity (0.9012), whereas the system that displayed the smaller (0.4570) was the DYS393. This approach represents a very powerful tool for individual identification and paternity testing in forensic genetic.     

9个Y-STR基因座荧光复合扩增系统的法医学应用

目的建立9个Y-STR基因座的复合扩增系统,提高Y-STR的法医学检测效能。方法6-FAM标记DYS434、Y-GATA-A10、DYS438、DYS439,HEX标记DYS531、DYS557、DYS448,TAMRA标记DYS456、DYS444引物,PCR复合扩增,毛细管电泳得到结果,考察扩增系统的个体识别能力、灵敏度、特异性、组织同一性。结果所建立的9个Y-STR复合扩增系统分型清晰,单倍型多样性达0.9968,特异性好,灵敏度高(0.5ngDNA),并且在男女混合斑检验上较常染色体STR分型更有优势。结论9个Y-STR复合扩增系统具有较高的识别能力,对建立Y染色体STR数据库,研究群体遗传学和进行法医学混合斑物证鉴定有重要意义。     

Development of a 24-plex Y chromosomal STR loci typing system

Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci can play important roles in forensic casework and paternity testing. In our paper, 24-plex Y-STR typing system, which includes 3 loci (DYS635 and DYS385a/b) existed in current widely available commercial kits and 21 additional loci (DYS531, DYS630, DYS622, DYS552, DYS510, DYS449, DYS459a/b, DYS446, DYS443, DYS587, DYS527a/b, DYS460, Y-GATA-A10, DYS520, DYS557, DYS522, DYS481, DYS570, DYS444) was established with 5-dye fluorescence labeling. 200 unrelated Chinese Han males were successfully genotyped with the system and 198 haplotypes were observed. The gene diversity of each locus ranged from 0.55 (DYS531) to 0.96 (DYS385a/b), the haplotype of diversity was 0.9998 for these 24 Y-STR loci. The established 24-plex Y-STR typing system is proved to be stable and efficient in forensic DNA typing.     

Y染色体STR的银染复合扩增

目的建立一套Y染色体STR的复合扩增体系,检测中国藏族人群的单倍型分布。方法利用复合扩增的方法扩增DYS434、DYS443和DYS456三个基因座,利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳银染进行分型,检测西藏藏族101名无关男性个体单倍型分布。结果三个基因座在藏族样本中分别检测出4、4、6个等位基因,共检测出31种单倍型,其单倍型的变异度是0.9481,标准误为0.0049。结论Y-STR的复合扩增在法医学的亲权鉴定和个人识别中有重要的作用。     

Y-chromosome STR haplotype diversity in Brazilian populations

A sample of 198 unrelated males distributed among the five geopolitical regions in Brazil were typed for the minimal Y-STR haplotype composed of microsatellite loci DYS19, DYS385I/II, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393. Gene frequency data, gene diversity, haplotype diversity and power of discrimination were estimated. An AMOVA indicated that 99.97% of the haplotypic variation is found within regions and only a small 0.03% and non significant variation is found among the five regions (Fst=0.00031, P-value=0.43). This result suggests that a single national database of Y-STR haplotypes can be used in the quantitative assessment of matches in forensic casework in the Brazilian population. A significant haplotype diversity of 99.8% was found and 172 different haplotypes were observed in 198 chromosomes. Haplotype (14-11, 14-13-29-24-11-13-13) with five occurrences in 198 chromosomes was the most frequent in Brazil.     

3个Y-STR的复合扩增及其单倍型

目的 建立复合扩增Y-STR基因座的体系,获得广东汉族人的单倍型频率。方法 复合扩增DYS439、DYS437和DYS434三个基因座,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳银染法进行基因分型,检测广东汉族327名无关男性个体的单倍型。结果 3个基因座分别检出6个、4个和4个等位基因,共38种单倍型,其单倍型的个体识别率为0.8796。结论 Y-STR基因座复合扩增体系和建立的Y染色体STR数据库,在法医学鉴定中有应用意义。     

复合扩增20个Y-STR基因座及其法医学的应用

目的建立20个Y-STR基因座的复合扩增体系,进行遗传多态性调查,并评价其法医学应用价值。方法采用五色荧光素标记技术,对20个Y-STR基因座(DYS391、DYS389Ⅰ、DYS390、DYS389Ⅱ、DYS438、DYS460、Y GATA H4、DYS456、DYS439、DYS635、DYS448、DYS393、DYS388、DYS437、DYS19、DYS392、DYS458、DYS447、DYS385 a/b)进行复合扩增和毛细管电泳检测;调查辽宁汉族376名无关男性个体20个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性数据;并对系统性能进行检测。结果本文方法同时检测20个Y-STR基因座,在376名个体中共检出376种单倍型,基因多样性在0.371 1～0.969 8之间;方法特异性好,分型结果准确稳定,灵敏度达0.062 5ng,实际案例常见生物检材的检验结果良好。结论20个Y-STR基因座复合扩增检测法可以用于实际案例检验,调查所获数据对建立Y-STR数据库和相关研究和应用具有重要意义。     

珠海地区汉族人群10个Y-STR基因座的多态性

目的 调查珠海地区汉族人群10个Y-STR基因座及其单倍型的遗传多态性，探讨其法医学应用价值。方法 应用Y-PLEX荧光标记复合扩增系统，对珠海地区汉族200名无关男性个体进行10个Y-STR基因座的复合扩增，用ABI310型基因分析仪对扩增产物进行检测，统计10个Y-STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果 9个Y-STR基因座分别检出5、6、6、5、4、5、5、5、7个等位基因，DYS385基因座检出44种单倍型；GD值最低为0.3904(DYS391)，最高为0.9497(DYS385)；10个Y-STR基因座共同构成的单倍型161种，其中134种单倍型只出现1次，20种单倍型出现2次，3种单倍型出现3次，3种单倍型出现4次，1种单倍型出现5次，累计GD值为0.9948。结论 10个Y-STR基因座具有较高的个体识别能力，可应用于法庭科学中的个体识别与亲权鉴定。     

用复合扩增方法检测4个Y-STR基因座单倍型

目的建立复合扩增Y-STR基因座的体系,获得中国汉族人的单倍型频率。方法复合扩增DYS439、DYS390、GATA-A7.2和DYS3934个基因座,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染法进行基因分型。结果调查中国汉族558名无关男性个体,4个基因座分别检出7、7、7和6个等位基因,共180种单倍型,其单倍型的个体识别率为0.9853。结论该复合扩增体系在建立Y染色体STR数据库、在群体遗传研究和法医学鉴定中有应用意义。     

Examination of Y-STR mutations in sex chromosomal abnormality in forensic cases

The Y-STR typing was carried out on eight DNA samples (three from criminal cases) demonstrating Klinefelter's syndrome. STR types in the X chromosome were randomly distributed. However, some Y-STR markers were distributed within the normal range but restricted to only one or two specific alleles, that is, some specific haplotypes were found in Klinefelter's syndrome. In addition, a single nucleotide polymorphism in DYS390 (transversion of G to A at the 28th position downstream of tandem repeats) was detected in Klinefelter samples. This Y-STR polymorphism and restricted Y-STR alleles in Klinefelter's syndrome is not known, but it might be related to the genesis of Klinefelter's syndrome. We also found that extended standard haplotypes of these samples are extremely rare in the normal population, according to the Y-STR haplotype reference database (YHRD). The extended standard haplotype database in a Japanese population is also reported. In 100 unrelated Japanese, 89 haplotypes were observed, and the haplotype diversity was calculated to be 0.9866.     

湖北地区汉族人群24个 Y-STR基因座遗传多态性研究

目的 对湖北汉族人群24个Y-STR基因座多态性进行调查,并获得相关的基础遗传学数据.方法 应用AGCU Y24 STR荧光标记复合直接扩增系统及3130XL型DNA测序仪,对湖北地区320对已确定父子关系的640个男性个体血样进行24个Y-STR检测分型.结果 在320名父亲男性个体中,在DYS391、DYS389工、DYS439、DYS389Ⅱ、DYS438、DYS449、DYS456、DYS458、DYS437、DYS635、DYS448、Y-GATA-H4、DYS447、DYS19、DYS392、DYS522、DYS393、DYS388、DYS390、DYS444基因座在湖北地区汉族人群分别检出4～17个等位基因,DYS527a/b检出45个等位基因组,DYS385a/b检出57个等位基因组,各基因座基因多样性最低为0.3838,最高为0.9650;并检出320种单倍型.比对320对父子Y-STR分型,在7680次基因遗传传递中,在DYS449、DYS527、DYS444、DYS389Ⅱ、DYS447、DYS522、DYS385、Y-GATA-H4等10个基因座中检出16个突变,突变率为1.5625‰～1.5653％,平均突变率为2.0833‰;等位基因增加突变与等位基因减少突变比为1∶1.结论 24个基因座单倍型在湖北地区汉族人群中具有丰富的遗传多态性,其数据对法医学应用、Y-STR数据库建设和群体遗传学等研究应用具有重要意义.     

Y-STR四色荧光复合扩增系统的建立及其应用

目的建立Y染色体STR的四色荧光复合扩增系统,调查7个Y-STR基因座单倍型分布情况。方法设计3套公共引物对分别嵌合在3组Y-STR基因座的原始引物上(1)YS434、Y-GATA-A10、DYS531、DYS557、 DYS448、DYS456、DYS444),再利用加不同荧光颜色标记的3组公共引物对同时复合扩增,用AB I 310遗传分析仪对扩增后产物进行检测,CeneScan、Genotyper软件进行基因分型。结果 3组复合扩增均可成功进行分型,在成都汉族 120名无关男性个体中,7个基因座分别检出4、5、5、8、8、6、7个等位基因,共检出101种单倍型,其中89种为唯一的, 单倍型基因多样性为0．9958。对1例混合斑物证检材,成功检出了与嫌疑人血样Y-STR基因型一致的结果。结论 Y-STR四色荧光标记复合扩增系统分型可靠,对建立Y染色体STR数据库、研究群体遗传学和进行法医学鉴定有重要意义。     

16 Y chromosomal STR haplotypes in Japanese

A total of 1079 Japanese males were typed for the following 16 Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers: DYS456, DYS389I, DYS390, DYS389II, DYS458, DYS19, DYS385, DYS393, DYS391, DYS439, DYS635, DYS392, Y GATA H4, DYS437, DYS438 and DYS448 using an AmpFlSTR(R) Yfiler PCR Amplification kit (Applied Biosystems). A total of 950 haplotypes for the 16 Y-STR markers were detected and, of these, 886 haplotypes were unique. The most frequent haplotype was found in 22 Japanese males. The haplotype diversity was 0.9992, indicating a high potential for differentiating between male individuals. There were 10 haplotypes with no allele detected at the DYS448 marker. Thus, the presence of such atypical haplotypes should be noted, when DNA typing results obtained from degraded DNA samples and/or DNA mixture samples from more than one male individual are being interpreted.     

北京汉族人群三个Y染色体STR基因座的遗传多态性研究

目的　获得DYS4 37,A7 1,H4三个Y染色体STR基因座及其单倍型在北京汉族人群中的遗传多态性分布 ,并探讨其法医学应用价值。方法　应用自行建立的Y STR 15 plex复合扩增体系 ,对用酚 /氯仿法提取的 132份北京地区汉族无关男性个体血样DNA样品进行复合扩增 ,用ABI310型遗传分析仪对扩增产物进行检测 ,统计分析 3个Y STR基因座的群体遗传学参数。结果　DYS4 37,A7 1,H4三个Y STR基因座在该群体中分别检出 4 ,5 ,4个等位基因 ,GD值分别为 0 4 977,0 6 731,0 5 42 0 ;观察到 32种单倍型 ,其中 17种单倍型出现 1次 ,最多 1种单倍型出现 2 0次 ,单倍型累积GD值为 0 9118。结论　 3个Y STR基因座具有较强的个体识别能力 ,在法医学个体识别和亲权鉴定中具有很高的应用价值     

24个Y-STR基因座在云南苗族人群中的序列多态性

目的研究法医学常用Y-STR基因座在中国云南苗族男性个体中的序列多态性。方法采用M48磁珠提取纯化试剂盒提取样本DNA,使用ForenSeqTM DNA Signature Prep试剂盒制备文库,Miseq FGx平台进行测序,ForenSeq Universal Analysis v1.2.1软件进行数据分析,用Arlequin v3.5软件计算各Y-STR基因座相关的统计学参数,将Y-STR基因座长度多态性与序列多态性进行比较。结果108名云南苗族个体中共检出106种单倍型,总体单倍型多样性(HD)和Y-STR分型系统的分辨能力(DC)分别为0.9993和0.9815。24个Y-STR基因座共检出204个基因,基因多样性(gene diversity,GD)值为0.2177~0.9481,15个Y-STR基因座的GD值大于0.6。DYF387S1、DYS390、DYS389II、DYS437、DYS438、DYS448、DYS612基因座存在长度相同的基因核心序列不同的情况。结论该24个Y-STR基因座在云南苗族男性人群中具有丰富的遗传多态性。研究结果可为Y-STR数据库的建立、群体遗传学和法医学实践提供参考。     

Evaluation of population variation at 17 autosomal STR and 16 Y-STR haplotype loci in Croatians

Seventeen autosomal STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA, Penta E and Penta D) and 16 Y-STR haplotype loci (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I, DYS398II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 and GATA H4.1) were analyzed in the sample of 200 unrelated Croatians. The agreement with HWE was confirmed for all autosomal STR loci. The combined power of discrimination (PD) and the combined power of exclusion (PE) for the 17 autosomal STR loci were 0.999999999999999999682299331476 and 0.99999995, respectively. Penta E proved to be the most informative autosomal STR locus. Among 200 Croatian males, 197 Y-STR haplotypes were identified and haplotype diversity was estimated at 0.9998 ± 0.0005.     

云南汉族人群11个Y-STR基因座遗传多态性调查及法医学应用

目的调查11个Y-STR基因座及其单倍型在云南汉族人群中的遗传多态性分布,探讨其法医学应用价值,为法医学应用提供基础数据。方法应用Powerplex!Y系统对云南汉族201名无关男性个体进行11个Y-STR基因座的复合扩增,用ABI310型基因分析仪对扩增产物进行检测,统计其群体遗传学参数。结果Powerplex!Y系统前10个Y-STR基因座分别检出3、5、6、8、5、4、5、8、4、7个等位基因,DYS385a/b基因座检出56种单倍型;GD值最低为0.4273(DYS438),最高为0.9747(DYS385a/b);观察到11个Y-STR基因座共同构成的单倍型175种,其中有154种单倍型只出现1次,16种出现2次,5种出现3次,累计GD值为0.9984。结论11个Y-STR基因座具有较强的个体识别能力,可应用于云南地区汉族人群的个体识别与亲权鉴定。     

荧光复合扩增检测3个Y—STR基因座单倍型

目的建立检测3个Y-STR基因座Y-GATA-A7.1、DYS456和DYS443的荧光复合扩增体系,并获取中国汉族人群单倍型频率分布。方法用荧光标记引物对郑州地区203名汉族男性无关个体进行3个基因座复合扩增,ABI3100型遗传分析仪检测、分型。结果Y-GATA-A7.1、DYS456和DYS443基因座分别检出5、6和6个等位基因,其基因多样性(GD值)分别为0.6692、0.5839和0.7053。三个基因座构成的单倍型共有44种,单倍型多样性(HD值)为0.9523。结论建立的3个Y-STR基因座荧光标记复合扩增系统具有很高的识别能力,可应用于法医学实践。     

Correlation of surnames and Y-chromosome in Central-Brazil

In patrilineal societies, surnames and Y-specific haplotypes and haplogroups are expected to be correlated. This characteristic could help defining an initial pool of suspects in forensic genetics analysis. Here we evaluated this correlation in a sample of Central-Brazilian men. Surnames and Y-SNP haplogroup and Y-STR haplotype were analyzed in 55 pairs of Central-Brazilian men sharing surnames (n = 110). Seven haplogroups and thirty-two haplotypes have been observed, none correlated solely to any of the twenty-eight surnames represented here. In this sample, two men with the same surname showed a chance of 0.41 of sharing a Y-specific haplogroup. This chance is higher for surnames of intermediate frequencies, whereas rare surnames show distinct chances as zero and one. Observed results may be over-estimated due to a predominance of a specific haplogroup (P92R7 = 49%) in the sample, what makes it possible for two men with no coancestry to share this haplogroup. Considering STR, only three pairs of men shared haplotypes. The average difference between the haplotypes in each pair was 2.45 mutational steps. This relatively low correlation is due to some historical and cultural peculiarities of the country, what makes it improper for forensic purposes in Brazil.